Mangroves gradually recede. It reminds us that we are about to bid farewell to the Mekong Delta and come to the coastal lowlands in the Gulf of Thailand. Nearby, Dongtu Mountain winds into the sea, with two peaks, lush trees and clear streams flowing through it for five weeks; The Cui Wei of Jishan is towering, with numerous peaks, vast islands, villages at the foot of Shandong and numerous pepper gardens. Hulu Valley is steep and covered with cliffs and canyons, which can be soaked by tides. There are so many rocks that it is difficult for ships to enter. There is a mountain island at the mouth of the valley, and the waves are pounding all day long, sounding like thunder. I saw a harmonious lonely mountain, the foot of which straddles the seashore, around the bay, with bare stones in the middle and red clams below.
According to legend, Mo Jiu once got a pearl with a diameter of one inch here, which is priceless and dedicated to King Guangnan. Deep here is the cave of fish and shrimp, where flocks of herons and seagulls often hover and float for food. Therefore, it is also called "pearlite heron" and one of the top ten scenic spots in Hexian County.
Arrive in hexian county at 3 pm. This city is always associated with one's name. He is Mo Jiu, the great founder and protector of Hexian County, and a famous overseas Chinese leader from Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong Province. Mojiu Square was built at the city gate. In the center of the square stands a tall magic mortar stone statue. Mo Jiu wore a Ming Dynasty shirt, holding a sword in his left hand and water in his right hand. His expression is stern and his eyes are cold, giving people a feeling of calmness, credibility and far-reaching.
Mojiu (1655- 1735) is called M?c C?u in Vietnam. His original surname was Mo, and he was a traitor in the late Li Dynasty. In Annan, he changed his surname to Mao, also known as Jiugong. 1708, Mo Jiu was named as the chief soldier of Hexian Town by Ruan Futong, the monarch of Guangnan County.
Since then, the position of company commander in He Xian Town has become the actual title of He Xian's family, which is hereditary. In July of A.D. 1735, Mo Jiu died, and Ruan posthumously awarded Mo Jiu as the general of the towns, and the post of general was inherited by his son Mo Tianci. 1822, that is, the third generation emperor of Ruan Dynasty, Ming Chengzu read Mo's "Meritorious Service to the Country", and posthumous title Mo Jiu was the god who built trees in Shunyi, deifying Mo Jiu; Later, a temple was built in the west of the city, stipulating that every time Mo Jiu was born (the eighth day of the fifth lunar month) and died (the 27th of the fifth lunar month), a large-scale sacrificial ceremony would be held in Hexian County.
For the Mohist regime in He Xian in the18th century, the Qing Dynasty once regarded it as a vassal state of Annan and Siam, and called it a "port state" (because He Xian used to call Tiaokan, which originally meant "port"), and also called Mo Tianci, the son of Mo Jiu, king.
"A General Examination of Qing Dynasty Documents" records that "the port country, in the southwest sea, is also an Annan Siam country. Tian Zheng's surname is Tian. Its evolution cannot be tested. There are many mountains in middle schools, and the land under their jurisdiction is only a few hundred miles. Some cities are made of wood, and palaces are no different from China. Bricks are used from the royal residence. " At that time, some western travelers called Hexian a "country" or "principality".
For example, Weber, a Frenchman, said, "Starting from the land and islands of Malay, you can reach a small state in the north called Canear (the port)", and some Europeans recorded that Mo Tianci once called himself "King of Khmer" or "King of True Wax". This is because at that time, Hejian nominally belonged to Khmer and surrendered to Guangnan, but he established his own shogunate and army, collected taxes and minted coins himself, and had considerable autonomy and sovereignty, which made him occupy a very special position in the ethnic relations in Indo-China Peninsula.
After crossing the Bay Bridge, we return to the city around the mountains. The roadside is full of newly built four or five-story houses, most of which are for guest houses and restaurants. Arrive at Binjiang Citizen Square, overlooking the railing, located on the west side of Yongji River, about 300 meters south of the estuary. The bay is thin and bag-shaped, and the west side of Haikou is full of rock corners. In the south, a small potato island stands tall, blocking the raging waves and cultivating Zhou Zhu. On the east coast, there is a stream and a river flowing into the harbor, which can be used by steamboats and boats, commonly known as the Sanjiangkou of Di Jiang. Yongji River is actually a canal, also called Yongji Canal. It was a large-scale water conservancy facility built during the reign of Mohs. It is about100km from Zhudu to Hexian County. It can dredge rivers, not only for irrigation and drainage, but also for ships. This is a scenic spot with many historical sites along the way. Haikou is interlaced with the islands outside the door, and there is a huge waterlogged river culvert in the middle, with different depths. This is a famous fishing ground, with many big fish, sea cucumbers, turtles, turtles, clams, sea mirrors and elephant-eared snails.
In ancient times, ships in Qiongzhou, Guangdong Province often came to anchor nets to get sea cucumbers and dried fish, facing the river fresh boats and sails. Pirates from Java also sneak in from time to time to plunder people and goods, so you need to be especially careful when the south wind comes together. Far away from the horizon, Fuguo Island is beautiful and spacious, echoing the nearby Antai Islands and Hexian Islands, and it is the mainstay of the war wave.
Hexian county is surrounded by mountains on three sides, with convenient harbor and river and protected sea. Pingshan is the rear guard in the north, and a mountain range about 2-3 miles long stands on the east bank. It is named Suzhou Mountain, or Tiger Hill, because it is similar to the shape of Tiger Hill in Suzhou, China. There are great treasures, small treasures, burnt cottages and famous mountains in the southwest. There are three earth barriers in the ancient city, from east to north to west, about 600 feet long, each with a height of 4 feet and a thickness of 7 feet, covering a vast area of 10 feet. There are yamen, barracks, ancestral halls, temples, fish stalls, shops and hutongs running through the city. There are shops and houses in an endless stream. There are docks and shipyards outside the city, and ditches and fortresses are built in the south of the city. As the old saying goes, "One of the sea piers is also a metropolis."
Xianhe Xiancheng Wall is gone, but the prototype of the city is still there and can be recognized. Hedong former shipyard has formed a new market, and the main city has expanded southward. Most of them are newly-built buildings, and the newly-built roads are flat and wide. There are banks and sightseeing belts by the river, some of which are new. Hexian county is close to Cambodia and belongs to the border area, and its development is not fast. No foreign investment projects such as "development zones" have been found. 1978 When Vietnam invaded Cambodia, fierce fighting broke out near Hexian County, and the Vietnam Martyrs Cemetery was built beside Dihe Highway. The inscription said that Cambodia entered the county area to carry out anti-harassment, resulting in more deaths.
Enter the city and rush to Pingshan. Through the market, through a number of back streets and alleys, facing the East Lake. 18 18, Nguyn Phuc Anh, the founding monarch of Ruan dynasty, approved the construction of Mojiu Temple, also known as Zhong Yi Temple, next to the East Lake in Pingshan. Mojiu was a medium-sized empress of posthumous title. After six years of Shaozhi (1846), Ruan Zhu rebuilt Mojiu Temple. Located in Pingshan, the Mausoleum of the Mohs is regarded as a treasure trove of geomantic omen in Hexian County.
Mojiu Temple is well preserved. Although He Xian was repeatedly killed by soldiers, under the protection of fellow villagers, the temple and Lingshan were not seriously damaged. It is said that more than half of the population in Hexian County are Chinese, and now thousands of Mohist descendants come here to visit graves every year. The strong economic strength of Chinese in Southeast Asia and Vietnam is also well known in southern Vietnam. Temple is not big, more than ten feet high, four or five feet wide, saying "Gong Yan Temple" in three characters, left and right couplets:
A loyal family is far away.
Qiye Fan Han Guo Chongrong
Indicate the family background of the Mohs. Seven people from four generations won the title of General or Guards, and were named Duke and Marquis.
The mountain gate faces the East Lake, and the branch of the lake is connected with Yongji Canal, and the flowing water is fragrant. Hua Yan said that Hexian is a fragrant city, and there is a fragrant lake in the city.
The temple is divided into three courtyards, all of which are medium-sized, and each courtyard is about two or three acres. Neither prominent nor narrow. After all, Mo Jiu can only be regarded as a medium god in Viet Nam, which is one level lower than the great gods such as Le Th??ng Ki?t and Chen Xing Dao.
The second courtyard is covered with a shed pavilion with double eaves. There are 10 brick columns around the pavilion to support it. Among them, four iron and wood pillars arch the double tower top, covering the blue glass roof and composite yin and yang tiles. The pavilion is bright and airy all around, and its shape is simple and smooth. Purlins and beams are connected into a whole, which is steady and generous. It is a typical pavilion building in the south of China. In the middle of the pavilion, plaques of "Hall of Loyalty and Justice" and "Hall of Leshan" are hung respectively. Around the pavilion, various letters and commendation orders issued by monarchs such as Ruan Chaoside and Shaoxing to Mo Jiu and his successors are written in Chinese characters.
The main hall is a hall with five bays and two entrances, with tables, tables and niches in the middle. The statue of Mojiu is exquisitely carved, and the curtain is painted with gold, which is dazzling, complicated and grand, fully expressing the Ruan Dynasty's affirmation of the historical role and status of the Mojiu family in expanding its territory.
Mo Jiu is a polite, responsible, resourceful and accomplished historical figure. His life is full of legends.
Mo Jiu was born in a big family in Leizhou, Guangdong Province. His great-grandparents were appointed as generals and garrisons by the Ming Dynasty for their participation in quelling the Japanese rebellion and the southwest minority rebellion. Influenced by Confucian orthodoxy, Mo took part in the anti-Qing struggle in his nineties. /kloc-at the age of 0/7, he led more than 20 people to Cambodia because he died in Ming Dynasty and refused to accept the government in the early Qing Dynasty and stayed in Nanrong House (Phnom Penh, Cambodia). After arriving in Nanyang, Mo Jiu didn't just satisfy food and clothing, get rich and spend his life like ordinary people, but hoped to make a difference after gaining a firm foothold.
He made two subversive choices and actions, which led to a fundamental change in his life path and rewrote the history of an area on the northern shore of the Gulf of Thailand in the17-19th century. The first choice is to choose Chai Mofu (now around Hexian County).
Mo Jiu has a strong ability to handle affairs, is good at management, is practical and reliable, and has won the trust of the King of Cambodia. Only three years later, he was awarded a position similar to that of captain of court guards and housekeeper. The king of Cambodia also promised to gradually promote Mo Jiu to a higher position in the future. Although young, Mo Jiu is mature and full of reason. He is not greedy for money or position, does not expect to get a false reputation from the waves, does not entangle in the court power struggle, and is determined to get out of the predicament of relying on others and open up another world.
Mo Jiu proposed to go to Chaimu to develop financial resources for Khmer. The king of Cambodia agreed. Let it be the front tooth of Mangkan (Cambodian place name, later called He Xian) and take charge of it. The specific time for Mo Jiu to go to Hexian County should be between 1679- 1680. (Note: There are three theories about the time when Mo Jiu went to Hexian County: genealogy, Zheng Huaide and China scholar Dyke).
It is wise for Mo Jiu to choose the place where He Xian settled. This place is near the sea, with winding coastline, and there is an ancient port, which can be expanded on this basis; Canal can be built to dredge the irrigation and transportation network of ancient Khmer people, and reach the sea through rivers, and go deep into the hinterland of Khmer and Nanqi to facilitate ships and trade; This place is "a collection of China people, Tang people, Gao Man and Yueba (now Java)", far away from the ruling centers of Siam, Khmer and Quang Nam. There is a large area of wasteland reclamation and management, and its "Shuizhenla" area is becoming the key area occupied and developed by Ruan in Guangnan, and the situation is chaotic, so we can take advantage of the gap.
After Mo Jiu settled in the Chai Mo Mansion, he built the Sixth Courtyard in the urban area, that is, six overseas Chinese commercial streets. Recruit Vietnamese refugees to set up 7 villages along the coast, including 1 Mingxiang village, and then develop into 52 villages; Khmer people were divided into 36 villages to promote agricultural development. Mo Jiu also made a fortune by opening casinos, collecting pit money and collecting pit taxes. These actions achieved immediate results, and Mangkan began to take shape a few years later. As a result, in the period of Mo Tianci, Hexian County was called "port country" and "Little Guangzhou" by the world.
The second option is to attach Guangnan Ruan. /kloc-In the middle of the 7th century, Guangnan captured Champa, and the soldiers pointed out that "water is really wax". After the "Six Princes" incident, "Shuizhenla" opened the border, which led to a large number of Vietnamese refugees entering the Khmer homeland, and many adherents of the Ming Dynasty also came to Nanqi to join the development ranks; Especially, King nguy?n·t?n of Guangnan led Chen Shangchuan and d??ng ng?n ??ch of Ming Dynasty to move to Bianhe and Di Mei, which made the development and construction of Mekong Delta enter a substantive stage.
1698, Ruan Zhu established Jiading House in southern Vietnam, and completed the possession of "Shuizhenla". At this time, Cambodia fell into infighting and was attacked and bullied by Siam and Guangnan in turn. Caught in a dilemma, the country declined, and there was no glory of the Angkor Dynasty. Cambodia was attacked by Siam during Mojiu's reign in Hexian County. According to the genealogy of Yan family in Ye Town, Hexian Town, in this battle, the Cambodian king "heard that the police left with their families, and Siamese soldiers went to the countryside and plundered their women's treasures", and the Cambodian court was almost in a state of defeat.
As for Mo Jiu, the genealogy says: "The Siamese teacher saw the courage of Tai Gong (Mo Jiu) and loved it very much, so he comforted him to return to China. Taigong was helpless and went north to Siam. The king of Siam saw the face of the public and was happy to stay. " In fact, Mo Jiu became a prisoner of Siam and was held in Long Live Mountain. After the civil strife in Siam, Mo Jiu fled back to Qi Long, where He Xian lived. Then go back to Hehe County. This happened after 1682.
Escape from Siam, and look at Siam's ambition and retrogression, Siam is unreliable. Cambodia is weak and unreliable. In order to protect the environment and people, it is necessary to pay attention to local communities. Mo Jiu takes a long-term view. Counselor Su Gong suggested that "Khmer is shallow, but ... is not a long-term trend. Don't go to Da Yue (Lao Ruan) in Nantou, and knock on the customs to be a vassal, so as to make a place to clean up. In case something goes wrong, I will rely on it to help. "
Mo Jiu saw that Hejian "is a coastal place, which can gather wealth and make money, but it is useless". Although it can prosper, it is difficult to protect itself. After leaving his hometown, he made a difficult and important choice for the second time and turned to Guangnan Ruan regime. He wrote a letter in Chen Qingbiao on 1708 and went to Hue in person. "I am willing to be here (that is, He Xian)." Master Ruan named Mo Jiu as the company commander of Hexian Town. This move was immediate. "So a camp was established and stationed in Fangcheng (that is, Hexian County), and the citizens in the city came back for a party every day."
Mo Jiu also visited the Philippines and Batavia (present-day Jakarta) to learn the techniques used by westerners to build castles. With the accumulated funds, he dug trenches and equipped artillery teams, earning the merits of "attracting business travel from all directions" and "connecting sails", making Fangcheng a bustling castle city on the Indo-China Peninsula. In addition to considering its great potential and other strength factors, I think it is more important to protect the people in good times.
China and Vietnam belong to the same species, with similar production methods, similar languages and scripts, the same religious beliefs and convenient communication. In addition, there is a precedent that two generals, Chen and Yang, were naturalized in Jiading on 1680. In order to gain the diplomatic initiative, it is logical to give the land of Hexian County to Guangnan.
Lord Ruan pushed the boat forward and admitted the reality. Although Hexian County returned to Vietnam in name, it remained independent internally. After the surrender, Lord Ruan sent a winning talent, Hou Chen Shangchuan, to help defend Hexian County for many times. Until 20 or 30 years before Mo Jiu's death, Hexian County was basically at peace. Mo Jia and Chen Jia are still happy, and Mo Nv marries Chen Nan. After Chen Jiufang, Chen Shangchuan's ugly grandson, Mo Jiusun, went to the county to patrol the border police in order to prevent the war in Burma and Siam and the invasion of bandits at sea, and died in the line of duty. Mo Jiu still doesn't forget the old master when he moved to Cambodia. Secretly, he still prepares a tax for the king of Cambodia every year, maintaining the tradition of courtesy, justice and shame. Mo Jiu's general plan, in the next three generations, has always adhered to and never wavered. The autonomous status and well-being of baoxian county lasted for more than 100 years, and it also left a blood clan for the Chinese nation overseas.