Wind energy is one of the cleanest and pollution-free renewable energy sources. According to experts' estimates, the world's available wind energy resources are 20 billion kilowatts, which is about 10 times the available hydropower resources. If 1% of the wind energy is used, 8-9% of the world's current total power generation can be generated. According to predictions by relevant departments, my country's available wind energy resources are about 1.6 billion kilowatts, of which about 25.3 billion kilowatts have good utilization value.
Wind power generation includes horizontal axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines. Wind power generation devices generally consist of wind turbines, transmission systems, generators, energy storage equipment, control and protection systems and towers. Its most suitable wind speed range is 6 to 8 meters/second, and of course it requires a sufficient and stable wind source. The blade speed is usually designed based on the maximum wind speed in meters per second. If the wind speed exceeds the working range, the generator should be able to automatically decelerate in order to protect the generator. When the wind speed reaches typhoon-like speed, the blades will automatically stop running. When the wind turbine loses load due to various reasons during operation, it will also automatically decelerate due to overspeeding of the blades. Due to the use of leaf smoothing mechanisms or resistance devices, or emergency brakes installed on the transmission shaft to achieve automatic protection, the single unit capacity of wind turbines is getting larger and larger, the technical level is getting higher and higher, and the cost getting lower and lower.
The second industrial revolution is characterized by the widespread application of electricity. As early as 1831, the British scientist Faraday discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction and proposed the theoretical basis of the generator. Based on this discovery, scientists have conducted in-depth exploration and research on electricity since the 1860s and 1870s, and a series of electrical inventions have emerged. In 1866, the German Siemens made a generator. In the 1870s, practical electric generators became available. During this period, electric motors that could convert electrical energy into mechanical energy were also invented, and electricity began to be used to drive machines, becoming a new energy source that supplemented and replaced steam power. Subsequently, electrical products such as electric lights, trams, electric drills, and electric welding sprung up like mushrooms after a rain. However, if electricity is to be used in production, the problem of long-distance transmission must also be solved. In 1882, the Frenchman Deppler discovered a method of transmitting electricity over long distances, and the American scientist Edison built the first thermal power station in the United States and connected transmission lines into a network. Electricity is an excellent and cheap new energy source. Its wide application has promoted the rapid development of a series of emerging industries such as the power industry and electrical appliance manufacturing industry. Human history has entered the "electrical age" from the "steam age".
After that, (1) Hydropower generation: When water (having potential energy) at a high place flows to a low place, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. At this time, a hydraulic turbine installed at a low place in the waterway, due to the flow of water The kinetic energy pushes the blades to rotate (mechanical energy). If the turbine is connected to a generator, it can drive the rotation of the generator and convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. This is the principle of hydropower generation. Hydropower generation can generally be divided into stream type and dam (reservoir) type. Pumped-storage power generation. Pumped-storage power generation releases water from the reservoir to generate electricity during the peak hours of electricity consumption during the day. At night, the excess electricity is used to pump water up to the reservoir (electric energy is converted into potential energy) to supply the peak electricity consumption during the day. Power generation._
(3) Thermal power generation:_Use the thermal energy generated by burning coal, oil, liquefied natural gas and other fuels to heat water and turn it into steam. Under constant heating, the water becomes high pressure High-temperature steam, and then use the energy of this high-temperature and high-pressure steam to push the turbine to run and drive the generator to generate electricity. In addition, internal combustion engine power generation is also a type of thermal power generation. Generally, an internal combustion engine (engine) powered by diesel fuel drives the generator to run and generate electricity. .This type of power generation method is mainly used on outlying islands with small power consumption, or as emergency generators in buildings and factories._
1. Power generation system (electricity manufacturing factory)
(4) Other power generation methods:
_1. Wind power generation: using wind power to turn windmills to generate electricity. Due to insufficient wind power generation conditions in Taiwan, there are currently only demonstration wind power generation operations on the outlying islands of Penghu.
2. Solar power generation: Use heat collection devices to collect solar heat to generate steam, which drives turbine generators to generate electricity. In addition, there are tidal power generation, ocean temperature difference power generation, wave power generation, geothermal power generation and other power generation methods. However, currently, countries around the world are only in the research and development stage and are still far away from commercial operation