In 1974, a rare pit of Qin Dynasty terracotta warriors and horses was discovered in Xiyang Village, Lintong County, Xi'an. After careful exploration and research by experts, it was determined that the pit was a burial place in the tomb of Qin Shihuang, and these figures in the pit were The life-size pottery figurines are the heroic troops who followed Qin Shi Huang to conquer all directions and unify the six kingdoms.
However, the topic of the mysterious owner of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses has remained hot. Some people have raised several major doubts, questioning that the real owner of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses is not Qin Shihuang!
Question 1: The Terracotta Warriors Pit is so far away from Qin Mausoleum. Does it belong to Qin Shihuang?
The shortest distance from Qin Shihuang Mausoleum to the Terracotta Warriors Pit is 1.5 kilometers. If the Terracotta Warriors Pit itself is added to the Width, this distance is even further. Logically speaking, who would place a burial pit at such a far location? Lishan is a geomantic treasure land. In addition to the Qin Mausoleum, other tombs are often found in the surrounding area. Since this The density of tombs in this area is relatively high. How can we be sure that the Terracotta Warriors and Horses were buried with Qin Shihuang?
Question 2: Why did Qin Shihuang leave his iron weapons unused and choose to be buried with backward bronze weapons?
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses were buried with Qin Shihuang. Many bulky bronze weapons were found in the pit. Would Qin Shihuang, a monarch who was good at fighting and unifying six kingdoms, leave advanced iron weapons unused and choose to be buried with backward and bulky bronze weapons? This is obviously contrary to common sense. .However, there is a process for iron weapons to replace copper weapons, because it takes a certain amount of time to popularize smelting technology. Therefore, judging from the current archaeological data, the weapons unearthed in the Qin Dynasty are basically copper weapons, and there are very few iron weapons. The entire Qin Mausoleum Only two or three pieces have been unearthed, so it is believed that iron weapons replaced copper weapons and the actual situation is inconsistent with the actual situation.
Question 3: Qin Shihuang’s strong warriors did not even wear helmets?
< p>Since Qin Shihuang’s army is a strong army that can unify the six countries, it should also be first-rate in terms of equipment. However, these warriors in the pit of terracotta warriors do not have any helmet protection. It is unimaginable that such crude soldiers Armed forces can win victory on the battlefield at close range.Question 4: Do the strange writings on the terracotta warriors and horses imply that the terracotta warriors and horses belong to the Queen Mother Xuan of Qin?
In 1975, "Lintong County Qin Dynasty" A picture in "Brief No. 1 of the Experimental Excavation of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses" attracted attention. This picture is a part of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, with a strange text engraved on it: This word is the word "spleen" next to the word "month", but it constitutes " There are many ways to write the word "bei" in the right half of the word "Pi". However, among the many glyphs, none of them matches the word in the pit. Later someone found that the word on the left side of the barrel tiles in the Qin Dynasty was "Mi" ( A variation of Bi). These should be two single characters, pronounced "Mi Yue". This eliminated Chen Jingyuan's long-standing confusion. The word "Mi" is not unfamiliar to him. Qin Shihuang's grandmother, Qin Shihuang, The concubine of King Huiwen, the Empress Dowager Qin Xuan, had the surname "Mi". Therefore, Chen Jingyuan concluded that the owner of the terracotta warriors and horses was not Qin Shihuang, but his grandmother, the Empress Dowager Qin Xuan.
Question 5: Qin people are still black. , Why are the clothes of the terracotta warriors colorful?
During the excavation, some paint remained on many of the warriors, and judging from the location and color of the paint, their clothes were colorful. In the era when Qin Shihuang lived, The theory of the five elements of metal, wood, water, fire, and earth was very popular. At that time, the Zhou Dynasty advocated the virtue of fire. After Qin Shihuang destroyed the Zhou Dynasty, he thought that his water conquered the fire of the Zhou Dynasty, so he worshiped the virtue of water. In the Qin Dynasty, water corresponded to the five elements. The color is black. Qin Shihuang also promulgated "Shang black" as a decree. In this case, the colorfully dressed warriors unearthed in the pit of warriors would be difficult to explain if they were placed in the era of Qin Shihuang, but if they were placed in the reign of Empress Dowager Xuan era, you will get a reasonable explanation.
Question 6: Why were the buried Ge found in the silt layer?
Many weapons of the Qin Dynasty were unearthed in Pit No. 1, one of which was The surface of the weapon called "Ge" is clearly engraved with the inscription "Lü Buwei Ge, Prime Minister of the Five Years". Lu Buwei was the prime minister of Qin Shihuang, and one of his responsibilities was to be responsible for the production of weapons. You can see the inscription "Temple" on many weapons. The inscription with the word "work". Temple work is a national agency established by Qin Shihuang to manufacture weapons, chariots and horses. This clearly shows that the terracotta warriors and horses were built during the period of Qin Shihuang, and the owner was Qin Shihuang.
"Lü Buwei Ge" was unearthed It was not unearthed on the floor tiles of the pit, but on the mud layer some distance away from the floor tiles. If "Ge" is in the same era as the pit, why didn't it appear on the floor tiles of the pit instead? Did it run to the silt layer 29 to 250 centimeters away from the floor tiles? In this regard, experts on terracotta warriors and horses said that the bronze gong was originally held by the terracotta warriors and was in a suspended position. In the past 2000 years, the pit of the warriors and horses may have been damaged by the ground. A large amount of water flowed in due to natural causes such as water seepage and flooding, forming a silt layer. One day, the suspended bronze Ge lost its carrier and fell onto the silt layer.
At this point, it seems that the real owner of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses has the answer. , but still did not get the exact
Conclusion. Although the archaeological work of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit has not yet been completed, I believe that with the continuous advancement of archaeological exploration work around Qin Shi Huang’s Mausoleum and in-depth research by archaeological experts, the fog shrouding Qin Shi Huang’s Mausoleum will gradually fade away and be revealed to everyone. What you see before you will be a true history of the Qin State, a magnificent underground kingdom.