Globe is to facilitate people to understand the earth, people imitate the shape of the earth, according to a certain proportion, made the model of the earth-globe. There are deformations in length, area, direction and shape on the globe, so it is almost correct to observe the relationship between various scenes from the globe. The earth is a moving star. Because of its rotation and oblique revolution around the sun, various natural phenomena have been formed. Using a globe as a teaching aid to explain these natural phenomena is intuitive and easy to understand, so the globe is a necessary office tool in geography teaching in primary and secondary schools.
2. Classification:
There are the following kinds of globes classified according to their uses: (1) A globe with a latitude and longitude net, and its sphere has only a latitude and longitude net and a degree note, which is also called a theodolite. (2) The administrative globe, a sphere with smooth surface, represents administrative divisions. (3) Terrain globe is a model of terrain, and the spherical surface can be divided into two types: plane and three-dimensional uplift. (4) A schematic globe, which only shows the distribution of continental plates and oceans, is often used for decorative items. (5) Teaching globe, used for school and family geography teaching. (6) Craft gift globe, which is often used for decoration of pendants in homes and offices. (7) Large-scale display globes are often used for large-scale exhibitions, teaching observation demonstrations, etc.
3. Information:
The earliest globe
The earliest existing globe in the world is an ordinary globe invented by German navigator and geographer Behaim in 1492, which has been kept in Nuremberg Museum. 1480, when Behaim (1459 ~ 1507) visited Portugal for the first time as a Flemish businessman, he claimed to be a student of Nuremberg astronomer Miller, so he became a navigation consultant of John II. At that time, navigators used astrolabes to measure the heights of the sun, moon and stars to calculate time and latitude. He may have initiated the replacement of wooden astrolabes with brass. He may have sailed to the west coast of Africa with D Kao (1485 ~ 1486). 1490 After returning to Nuremberg, with the help of the painter Glocken Dong, he began to draw a globe designed by him. 1492, a globe with a diameter of 20 inches was completed. Because this globe is made according to the map in Ptolemy's Geographic Guide, the terrain of the world is not accurate and outdated. On this globe, the Indian Ocean is an ocean extending from east to west, especially on the west coast of Africa. The number of errors is really amazing. Interestingly, however, the globe he drew on the eve of the discovery of North America provided some useful geographical concepts for people at that time.
The process of making early globes was as follows: first, long and narrow triangular wooden blocks were printed, and then these wooden blocks were cut out and stuck on wooden balls. The most famous German globe maker is the Nuremberg scholar Joan Hann Schoner. The two globes he made in the early16th century have been preserved to this day.
The globe is in China.
The production of China Globe began in the Yuan Dynasty and was supervised by Jamalidin, an astronomer from the Western Regions. Sphere reflects the distribution of land and sea on the earth's surface and belongs to primitive painting. Matteo Ricci, an Italian missionary, came to China in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. In order to teach China the theory of the ancient Greek earth circle, he personally made a globe and wrote the Geographic Map of the Universe. Influenced by it, Li Zhizao, a scholar, made a globe in the thirty-first year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1603). In the third year of Chongzhen (1630), the court also made a globe. These globes were drawn with latitude and longitude nets, which expanded the latitude of the globe with only 27 observation points in China to the whole latitude of the earth including the equator, the Tropic of Cancer and the South Arctic Circle, and made up for the blank that China didn't know the longitude before, and marked the theory of five continents, so that people in the current dynasty could learn new knowledge about the great discovery of western geography. After the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi, who loved science, not only introduced and manufactured many scientific instruments from the west, but also skillfully used them, which made him more knowledgeable in astronomy, geography and mathematics than other rulers in previous dynasties. There were only three globes in Ming and Qing Dynasties, two of which were in the Palace Museum, 1 in the British Museum in London. In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi ordered missionaries in Korea to make this globe together with some court officials. Matteo Ricci's painting method is generally used for the image, scale and related text narration of spheres. The production of this instrument reflects from one side that "the theory of the earth's sphere" has been consolidated in China, and also reflects the level of China's understanding of world geography knowledge at that time.