Ma Guangzu was a famous figure in the Song Dynasty, as well as Fan Zhongyan and Wang Anshi. The History of Song Dynasty Volume 4 16 has been circulated. Due to hundreds of years of history, Ma Guangzu's hometown has been unclear. Some people say Jinhua people, some people say Dongyang people, and some people say Ma Village, Jinpi Village, Baiyang Street, our county.
In 2007, the epitaph of Master Ma was discovered in Mafuxia Village (the cowshed was built during the Cultural Revolution and is now in the Wuyi County Museum). This is the epitaph written by Ma Guangzu for his father Ma. The epitaph was written in November of the year of Dinghai in Baoqing (AD 1227), and was compiled and read by Qiao Xingjian, a senior official of the Ministry of Rites and a colleague of the National Historical Records Institute. The discovery of the epitaph written by Ma Guangzu for his father Ma, combined with historical data such as Ma's genealogy, roughly outlines the basic situation of Ma Guangzu and his ancestors in Wuyi.
Ma Guangzu's grandfather, Ma Zhichun, and his father, Ma, were both made high priests and buried in Du Baoyan Temple (now the village of Ma Fuxia and the tomb area have been destroyed), which is called Ma Taishi's tomb here. Baoyan Temple, formerly known as Temple, was founded by Wenzhou people Zhao Monk and De Qian, and was built in the second year of the Five Dynasties Jin Dynasty (AD 945). In the second year of Song Xiangfu (A.D. 1009), the Ma family took a fancy to this treasure trove of geomantic omen, reclaimed more than 60 mu of land of/kloc-0, dedicated it to the temple, and buried Ma's wife Zhou by the temple. About A.D. 1 100, the tenth ancestor of Ma in Dongyang moved here to build Ma Fu and develop a large area of land. From then on, Ma lived in Dongyang and Wuyi areas for generations, and did not settle down for a long time until he married Ye (now a native of Yechu Natural Village in Mafuxia Village) in 13th. "Epitaph" records: "My father returned to Dongyang's former residence last season, and my father left home alone", which shows that Ma has always lived in Wuyi. In the epitaph, the horse is said to be "young and smart, with natural I-word and no obvious angle." Shao Changyou visited the county for a long time and won the election repeatedly, claiming that fame can be made. If you are a strong official, you won't sell it ... "... but he is not discouraged and is determined to" push all his knowledge to the unscrupulous orphan "and cultivate good talents for the country. Under the guidance of his father Ma, Ma Guangzu studied hard from childhood and stayed up all night. In the second year of the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1226), "Guangzu tried to be an official in Nangong" and Ma "took care of his son's exam and liked to see the color", which also showed that Ma Guangzu was also in Wuyi since he was a child. Ma finally went to sleep in Dinghai (A.D. 1227) on May 20th. In November of that year, Ding Youfeng buried his great-grandfather Ba Baoyan at the age of 60. In the fifth year of offering spring (A.D. 1269), Ma, the "baryon", was given to Qi Huangong and Ye to his wife by Emperor Du Zong.
Ma Guangzu "benefited the people and offended powerful people" and was dismissed from office by Emperor Kaiqing (AD 1259), placed under house arrest and confiscated by his father. At that time, Ma Su's descendants fled everywhere, remained anonymous and lived in seclusion. Xu Sheng, a local civil servant, refused to accept it. In the second year, he led the people of Wuyi 18 Fort to "rebel". Halfway to Lin 'an, I learned that Emperor Kaiqing had abdicated (as emperor for one year). Ma Guangzu has been rehabilitated and reinstated before going home. Hou Duzong (A.D. 1259) named the 18th Society and built the Taishi Temple (there is an 18th Fort Temple in Dufan Village, which belonged to Mafu before liberation and was demolished when xia yang Middle School was founded. According to the old man in the village, this is for Duke Matthew. It is said that the plaque was sent to Dongyang by mistake and then to Wuyi. Ma Guangzu's understanding of Jiankang (Nanjing) and Privy Council (in charge of military affairs) hindered the progress of the Yuan Dynasty. A few years after his retirement, Ma Guangzu died in the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 1278). Since then, the descendants of the groom have never returned to the twenty-fourth capital of Changshou Township (now Mafuxia Village, Wangzhai Town, Wuyi County).
Ma Family Tree in Macun, Wuyi recorded Liang Yingchuan, a doctor in Guangzu's official department: "Liang Yingzi, a fellow countryman, is in touch with his family and shadow, and travels day and night ...". The author visited Liangzhai Village, Wangzhai Town, where there are Liang's ancestral hall and Liang Ying's tomb. The distance between Mafuxia and Liangzhai is less than three kilometers, which is really a "shadow pillow". Ma Guangzu and Liang Ying are "fellow villagers". Recently, Ma Xianchang, the 23rd grandson of Ma Guangzu in Macun, said, "A professor at Zhejiang University found that Ma and Yu Yuan were the earliest chess-playing founders in Hengshan." At that time, there was a "Jinhua Road" from Yuyuan Garden to Hengshan Mountain (now Dahongyan Scenic Area) and then to Mafu, which was the only way from Chuzhou to Wuzhou. Ma's genealogy records that Ma's family divided a large area of land and built several warehouses in heng shan cun, Wuyi, baimu town. At present, Mafuxia Village still preserves quite a few names related to Mafu, such as Mafang, Mafangqiu, Shangmashi, Mafuqiao, Mafuji and Mataishi Tomb Site. In the Taishi Temple, there is a couplet "Ma Fulong, Qiu Di Mausoleum, keep people safe, and the people of Bao Zhuang, LAM Raymond enjoy good news and prosperity". Looking back on the history of Mafu education, Zheng Jing, LAM Raymond is even more brilliant today. On the column of the Xu Ancestral Hall in Mafuxia Village, there is a couplet "Mafu Longqiu traces this branch, and the lion hill heron reflects the water". These are all evidences that Mafuxia Village is Ma Guangzu's hometown.
Therefore, it is clear that Ma Guangzu's hometown is Mafuxia Village, Wangzhai Town, our county. In the history of Song Dynasty, Ma Guangzu was described as "a Jinhua native of Wuzhou", which was a large area. Ma Guangzu was once named Jinhua Gong, and Wuyi County was under the jurisdiction of Wuzhou in history. There are also reasons passed down as Dongyang people. One is to check the geographical records of the Song Dynasty. Wuyi belongs to Dongyang County, Wuzhou, so Wuyi people are mistaken for Dongyang people. Secondly, Ma Guangzu's ancestors were indeed Dongyang people, and the epitaph written by Ma Guangzu for his father Ma also said that "Dongyang people first visited Wu". As for Macun in this county, Ma Guangzu is their ancestor.
The author believes that Ma Guangzu is a cultural heritage left to Wuyi people. Excavating this cultural heritage is of great significance for strengthening the diligent and honest education of cadres, enriching the tourism connotation of our county and carrying forward the Wuyi spirit. Ma Guangzu has made outstanding achievements as an official. "The History of Song Dynasty" said: "Glory to the ancestors and train the rich; The court silenced it, and then ruled the vast area, surging. " "Ma Guangzu's medical care, catching the legacy of today, is still in the hearts of the people, and it can be said that it is also a minister." According to the research of Nanjing historical experts, in the spring of 1259, the court appointed Ma Guangzu as the magistrate of Jiangling, and the news that Jiankang "people think endlessly, so they can know Jiankang House again" came out. Ma Guangzu's "three terms have been consistent for twelve years, and the people love them as parents and respect them as gods". County people "built six temples".
Ma Guangzu was an official legend all his life, leaving many touching stories.
"History of Song Dynasty" records that there was a famine in Lin 'an, the capital of Ding Jing for three years, and the court sent a letter to the court to help the poor, but there was no food on the market. Ma Guangzu, who knows Lin 'an Prefecture, knows that his younger brother Ronghe's son Ruifu has a lot of millet, and he went to collect money three times, but he resigned from other things. Ma Guangzu had to lie in Rong's guest room and come out to meet him. Ma Guangzu hit the nail on the head and said, "The world is big. Who doesn't know that Chu Jun is the big prince? Nowadays, people starve to death. Why not pay the bill to win people's hearts?" Rong Wang pushed open the empty warehouse, and Ma Guangzu immediately took out a questionnaire from his pocket and said, "Your Majesty has a certain amount of grain in the warehouse, and there is a certain amount of grain in the warehouse. This is the fact of the investigation. " Rong Wang was speechless, so he had to take out 300,000 Jin of grain and give it to the poor. At that time, there were "many living people".
The Journey to the West recorded Ma Guangzu's wonderful judgment. It is said that he was later promoted to rent out the vacant rooms in the government to the citizens, and only collected the house money without repairing the house. Some bold residents refused to pay the money when they saw that the house was leaking without maintenance. Fu sent people to Lin 'an to sue the people. After investigation, Ma Guangzu ruled: "Sunny days are eggs and duck eggs (holes as big as duck eggs are transparent), and rainy days are all pots. If the axe king wants to buy money, wait until Guangzu is full. "
What is even more peculiar is the story of Ma Guangzu's judgment recorded in unofficial history in Three Dynasties: a scholar climbed over the wall and entered his beloved girl's room, and was detained by the government. As soon as Ma Guangzu asked about the cause of the case, he was interviewed on the topic of "Poems of Girls Holding Walls". The scholar wrote a book with a pen: "It is sorrow to spend money on debt for life. Climbing over the wall, the virgin has a heart to hug. Xie build by laying bricks or stones should dive, Xu stole it secretly. All sentient beings are still lustful, speechless and shy, and live up to Qin Lou's promise, knowing that they are in prison. In this case, why study? " Ma Guangzu saw it and praised it. Instead of punishing the scholar's indecent behavior, he wrote a poem "Magnolia with reduced words" and sentenced them to get married: "Love each other deeply and pay off their debts for life. What a Tan Lang! It is also appropriate for a servant girl to be a wife. Big talent, talk about giving green flag (money) 300 rope. The shadow of the candle is red, remember that the iceman is a horseman. " It made the woman marry a girl and gave her a generous gift, which was once passed down by the citizens as a story in Beijing. After this judgment, it was included in Song Ci; This story has also been recorded in the love history, and it is called "the words and expressions of love cases make a beautiful marriage"; There is also a track in Yuan Zaju called Ma Guangzu Exploring the Dust.
There are many stories about Ma Guangzu's judgment. There is a section in Qingming Collection, which is a classified compilation of lawsuits and official documents in the Southern Song Dynasty. According to records, during Ma Guangzu's judicial trial in Zhejiang, some hooligans pickpocketed the deceased and made a fortune: a beggar, Hu Sisi, went to the home of Cao Shiyi, a resident living in the street to beg and cried bitterly. Nearly two months later, Hu Sisi died, but it happened that his blood relative Hu Sisan also came to the local area. Lu Yuanying, a rogue who can sue, seems to have found the treasure. Lou first instigated Hu Sisan to go to Cao's house to make trouble, saying that Hu Sisan was beaten by him and injured to death, and he would sue the official; Then I went to the door myself, willing to sue for Hu and Cao and be a peacemaker. Cao Eleven is afraid of going to court and is willing to take out his own land and money to "settle". Lu Yuanying handles everything, makes a profit, and then burns Hu Sisi's body. Originally, it was all over, but when the body was burned, Cao Hui and Cao Sheng saw it. Lou was afraid that they would sue the officials and expose their misdeeds. The wicked simply complained first, and even became famous with Hu Sisan, accusing, shielding and killing Cao. Ma Guangzu wrote a verdict after the trial, saying: "At first, Yuan Ying of Youlou instigated Hu Sisi to cheat. Later, he rolled up his sleeves and said that Yuan Ying of Youlou rubbed it, and Yuan Ying of Youlou advocated burning the body. Finally, it was you, Lu Yuanying, who publicly named and falsely accused Cao Hui Cao Sheng! Supposedly, Hu's death has nothing to do with Lu's? It seems that these unscrupulous people, who have no skills and no jobs, make a living by gossiping, sniffing out bad smells, asking for scars and looking for dirt. When things reach his hands, they are all at his mercy, the benefits are taken by him, and the disasters are borne by others. Without painful punishment, how can we talk about the improvement of this social atmosphere? " Therefore, the verdict: Lou Yuanying's crutch is thirteen, and he is sent to the foreign party for 500 miles to be detained, and the trial results are posted in the local area, so that the local ruffians who have made similar mistakes can repent and turn over a new leaf and achieve the purpose of appeasing the local people. This story has also been included in the recently published Six Doors (the legendary story of the struggle between officials and bandits in ancient China), entitled Ma Guangzu's Courage to Difficult Litigants.
In Zhao Kui's Miscellaneous Notes on Running, there is an article "Catching a Frog and Trapping a Husband": it is about Lishui, Zhejiang, which was called Chuzhou in the Song Dynasty. At that time, the local government issued regulations prohibiting villagers from catching frogs. A villager, ignoring the official ban, went to catch frogs in the field and wanted to sell them in the city for some money. In order to resist the inspection, he cut the melon pedicle into small mouths, removed the pulp and hid the captured frog inside. At dawn, he calmly prepared to go to town with wax gourd. But as soon as I got to the gate, I was caught by the soldiers guarding the city. The villagers who caught frogs were taken to the hall. The government could have judged the case according to the law with clear facts and conclusive evidence, but Ma Yuzhai, the magistrate, did not do so. He wanted to know how the soldiers guarding the city saw through the clever disguise of the frog-catching villagers. In order to solve the mystery in my heart, Ma Yuzhai got the news.