There are more than 2.545 million Buyi people, a large ethnic minority in southwest China. People over 95 live in the two autonomous prefectures of southern Guizhou and southwestern Guizhou, the autonomous counties of Zhenning, Guanling and Ziyun, and the three regions (prefectures) of Bijie, Zunyi and southeastern Guizhou. There are also a small number of Buyi people living in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi and other provinces (regions), but they all migrated from Guizhou in history. What is the wedding of the Buyi people? Below I have compiled the wedding customs and etiquette of the Buyi people for everyone, I hope it can help you!
The wedding customs and etiquette of the Buyi people
The mountainous area where the Buyi people live has beautiful mountains and clear waters, beautiful scenery, rich natural resources and many places of interest. The 17-kilometer "Huaxi" in the southern suburbs of Guiyang City is a pearl on the Guizhou Plateau. The environment there is fresh, the water is sweet, the air is clean, the mountains and flowers are blooming along the way, and the scenery is picturesque. It is a famous tourist area. Huchao Village of the Buyi people is located in the upper reaches of Huaxi. There is a gold and silver pool next to it. The culture and art of the Buyi people are colorful. Traditional dances include "Bronze Drum Dance", "Weaving Dance", "Lion Dance", "Sugar Packet Dance", etc. Traditional musical instruments include suona, yueqin, dongxiao, wooden leaf, flute, etc. Earth opera and lantern opera are favorite operas of the Buyi people. The Buyi people mainly focus on agriculture, mainly planting rice. The Buyi homespun cloth woven by the farmers themselves has long been famous. In recent years, enterprises specializing in the production of Buyi brocade, batik cloth and ethnic craft clothing have been established one after another, and their products are exported to Southeast Asia, Japan, Europe and the United States.
Buyi Nationality - History
The Buyi Nationality has the same origin as the Zhuang Nationality and is a branch of Baiyue in ancient times. Today, the Buyi people still retain some of the customs and habits of the ancient Yue people, such as living in stilt-style houses and beating bronze drums. Some people also believe that the Yelang Kingdom in the Western Han Dynasty is related to the Buyi people today. Some Buyi people call themselves "Buyi" and "Buyue", and some Buyi people call themselves "Buyi" and "Buman". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, they called themselves "Buyi" according to their own ethnic identity. name. The Buyi area has many river valleys and flat dams, with beautiful mountains and clear waters. The world-famous and spectacular Huangguoshu Waterfall is located in the area where the Buyi people live together. Cultural relics unearthed in the Buyi area show that the Buyi people are an ancient agricultural nation that grows rice. The Buyi people are ingenious and the batik cloth they produce has a long history and beautiful patterns. It is a handicraft and collectible that is well-known at home and abroad.
Buyi people - Etiquette
The Buyi people are hospitable, enthusiastic, generous and sincere. Anyone who comes to the village, whether relatives, friends, old friends or strangers, will be treated with wine. Buyi people are very polite and do not welcome guests who are foul-mouthed or rude.
Buyi Nationality--Festivals
In addition to the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, and Mid-Autumn Festival, the traditional festivals of the Buyi Nationality include "February 2", "March 3", and "April". "Eight", "Ox King Festival", etc., the most solemn festival is "June 6" of the lunar calendar.
Flower Dance Party: The Buyi people’s flower dance party is held every year from the first day to the twenty-first day of the first lunar month. Every festival, the little girls wear bright lace clothes with very beautiful flower buttons, and the boys wear cardigans and bearded belts, blowing wooden leaves, and their faces are full of spring breeze. The enthusiastic girls led the young men's horses from five villages and eight villages, from the invisible mountainside to the flower dance party venue, which was a large flat grassland with a crystal clear river next to it. To the north is a tung tree forest full of buds. There were people shouting and neighing, laughing and shouting everywhere, at least a few thousand people. The thunderous sound of the cowhide drum shakes the empty valley, sometimes fast and sometimes slow, sometimes rising and falling, coupled with the clanging sound of cymbals, it is intoxicating! On the field, young men and women are grouped here and there, dancing and singing ancient songs. Singing, the singing is beautiful, the dancing steps are light, the young people sitting on the river bank playing "Leyou", playing the yueqin, blowing the wood leaves, and falling in love, with pairs of eyes as bright and affectionate as the river, expressing their warm love to each other, The reflection shakes, giving it another flavor.
March 3: The third day of March in the lunar calendar is a traditional festival for the Buyi people. According to legend, there was a family of three sisters who married together in the same village and lived a good life. One day, grandpa wanted to visit his grandson. After hearing about it, the grandsons from the three families all scrambled to ask grandpa to go to their home first. Grandpa said that on the third day of March, you bring the best glutinous food you have made to the intersection of Zhaizi. I will go to whose house tastes best first. On this day, the eldest daughter’s family made fried dough balls, the second daughter’s family made glutinous rice cakes, and the third daughter’s family made five-color glutinous rice. Grandpa came to Zhaikou and opened the things from the three families. The five-color glutinous rice was bright in color and fragrant. He liked it the most, so he went to his third daughter's house first. From then on, every third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, every Buyi family would make glutinous rice to entertain relatives and friends. Over time, the annual March Festival was formed.
Buyi people - marriage customs
Marriage among Buyi people is monogamous. Intermarriage between people of the same clan or surname is strictly prohibited. The customs of "cousin marriage" and the transfer of houses between brothers and sisters are also preserved. Young men and women are free to fall in love before marriage. Unmarried young men and women from all over the world like to take advantage of annual festivals, markets and group gatherings to freely combine three or five people to seven or eight people to talk, laugh and sing, talk or Express each other's feelings. When a man falls in love with a girl, according to tradition, he must find a third party to accompany him. In some cases, his sister-in-law will introduce him. If the woman has this intention, she can meet alone in a quiet place to further sing folk songs and express her feelings until both parties give each other tokens, which shows that they have vowed to be together for life.
When getting engaged, the groom's parents ask a matchmaker to go to the bride's house and give her certain gifts such as wine, meat, and rakes. If the other party agrees, the second matchmaker will use the "horoscopes" of both men and women as "validations" for each other. As long as the "horoscopes" match, the wedding date can be chosen. The amount of betrothal gifts in this area is particularly particular about the number of "six" or "even". It is said that "six" is a homophonic pronunciation of "lu", which means that both people will be blessed if they get rich after marriage. When getting married, the groom does not welcome the bride, but only invites a few young men and women with whom he likes to greet the bride. The bride usually walks to the groom's house holding an umbrella, but some also ride on horseback or in a sedan chair. The newlyweds stay in different rooms on the wedding day and return to their parents' home the next day. The Buyi people in the settlement area still maintain the custom of "not leaving their husband's house" or "sitting at home". Some take two to three years or even five or six years to live in their husband's house. Most of the Buyi people living in mixed areas have abandoned this custom.
Buyi Nationality - Clothing
The Buyi Nationality mostly live in Pingba or in villages near river valleys. Most men and women like to wear blue, green, black, white and other colored cloth clothing. Young and middle-aged men usually wear turbans, double-breasted shorts (or long gowns), turbans, and trousers. Most elderly people wear double-breasted shorts or long gowns. Women's clothing varies from place to place. Some wear right-folded clothes, trousers or pleated skirts, and silver bracelets, earrings, necklaces and other jewelry. Some like to embroider flowers on their clothes, and some like to wrap their heads with white towels.
Buyi girls have the aura to make batik since they were young. Most of the clothes they wear are sewn by themselves, fit well, and are simple and elegant.
Buyi people-diet
The staple food is mostly rice. Folks like to use a special cooking utensil "Zengzi" to steam rice into rice. Buyi people generally like to eat glutinous rice, and often regard it as a staple food to improve their lives or adjust their taste. Cold dishes, "frozen meat with moss", "jelly mixed with peas", etc. are the favorite foods of Buyi people. Sauerkraut and sour soup are essential for almost every meal, especially women. There are also blood tofu, sausages and flavored dishes made from dried and fresh bamboo shoots and various insects.
Most Buyi people are good at making pickles, bacon and tempeh. The unique folk pickle "hydrochloric acid" is famous both at home and abroad. Among the meat dishes, dog meat, dog enema and beef soup pot are the top dishes. When slaughtering pigs, the Buyi people are accustomed to put some salt in the blood basin first, and then stir it with the pig blood. After solidification, add chopped green onion, condiments, and minced meat to the water to make soup, and cook it with the pig blood, which is called "activating blood". The best dish for entertaining guests. The Buyi people in Guizhou like to use scalpers for cooking when they are attending weddings or funerals.
Wine plays an important role in the daily life of the Buyi people. After the autumn harvest every year, every family brews a large amount of rice wine and stores it for drinking all year round.
The Buyi people like to entertain guests with wine. No matter how much the guests drink, as long as the guests arrive, wine is served first, which is called "welcome wine". When drinking, use a bowl instead of a cup, and follow the rules of guessing and singing.
The Buyi people have many traditional snacks, especially the Buyi people living in Yunnan, who are good at making rice noodles, bait cubes, pea flour, rice cold cakes, etc.
The Buyi people are generous and hospitable, and their characteristic is that during the Maple Leaf Festival on February 3rd (or March 13th) every year, many Buyi people use various plant pigments such as liquidambar leaves to dye their glutinous rice into colorful colors. , make glutinous rice to entertain guests and distribute to relatives and friends.
Buyi people - Architecture
The Buyi people like to live in groups near mountains and rivers. Usually there are a dozen or dozens of households in one village, but there are also hundreds to several households. Hundreds of households. The houses of the Buyi people are similar to the bamboo houses of the Dai people, but they use wood as the main structure, with three rooms and three layers of bamboo and wood structure. There is no wall on the bottom floor, but wood is used as a fence to contain livestock. The middle floor is made of bamboo braided around to accommodate people; the upper floor is piled with sundries. A balcony is built with moso bamboo on the side of the house, which leads directly to the floor, where you can enjoy the shade and dry the sun. It's called "diaojiaolou".
The Buyi people have a lot of particularities in building houses. First of all, you need to ask Mr. Yin and Yang to look at the "Feng Shui". It should not only be backed by the green mountains, but also face the green peaks. When building a house, you must choose an auspicious day. One month before the auspicious day, ask a carpenter to scrap materials to make the frame of the house. On the auspicious day for erecting the house frame, worship Master Luban. After the house frame was erected, the father-in-law's family sent large beams with large flowers tied with red silk, and a band and lion dance team fired firecrackers to accompany them. When the beam is laid, singing, dancing, and banquets will be held. The last step is to take the ancestral tablets and the kitchen god (charcoal fire) to the new home. The whole process of building a new house is filled with an atmosphere of joy and mutual help in Buyi villages.
Buyi people - taboos
When visiting a Buyi family, you are not allowed to touch the shrines and altar tables. It is taboo to step on the tripods by the fire pit. Buyi people are accustomed to toasting guests with wine, and guests should drink more or less. It is forbidden for anyone to touch or cut down the mountain sacred trees and big arhat trees in Buyi villages. The Buyi people must give even numbers when giving gifts. If a child is frail and sick, the parents have to find a godfather or godmother to protect him. There are two ways to find the godfather and godmother: one is to choose a day to wait at home, and the first person to come to the door within 3 days will be the child's protector; the other is to choose an auspicious day for the parents to lead the child and wait for the first person on the road. Pedestrians passing by are the protectors.
Buyi people - religion
The Buyi people believe in many gods, worship nature and ancestors, and a few believe in ____. There are many festivals every year, to worship mountain gods, tree gods, etc. There are memorial tablets of ancestors in every main hall, and sacrifices are made every year and festival.