The sows bred by Taihu sow and Landrace pig can be sows. It can overcome the shortcomings of slow weight gain and low lean meat rate of Taihu sows.
superiority
High reproductive performance
Taihu sow is famous for its high yield. It is one of the excellent breeds with the strongest fecundity and the largest litter size in China and even in the world, especially Erhualian pig and Meishan pig. In the breeding farm in the production area, the average litter size of primiparous sows is 12. 14, and the average litter size is 14. 48, and the average litter size was 15. Triplets and above 83. There was no significant difference between each group. The high reproductive performance of Taihu pig is closely related to the early development of its sexual organs and functions. The first sperm collection age of boars is 56-66 days for Erhualian pig, 74-77 days for Jiaxing black pig, 82.3 days for Meishan pig and 88 days for Fengjing pig. Erhualian boars can collect normal semen at the age of 90 days, and the semen quality at the age of 4 ~ 5 months has basically reached the level of adult boars. The first estrus age of sow is 64 days, and the weight of Erhualian pig is 15 kg. The number of ovulation of sows in one estrus is 17.33 for Erhualian pigs at the age of 4 months and 26.0 for pigs at the age of 8 months. Fengjing pig is 16.7 in 8 months and 31in adulthood; The average number of adult Jiaxing black pigs is 25. 68; 29 Meishan pig [1]? . Nowadays, due to the improvement of conditions, the average sows of Erhualian and Meishan pigs can reach more than 16, with more than three births, and each litter can produce 20 sows. The litter size of excellent sows reached 26 litters, and the highest record was 42 sows. Taihu pig has a strong ability to nurse and milk, so lying down carefully can reduce the pressure on piglets. The feed intake rate and feeding rate of piglets are high.
Strong heterosis
The genetic performance of Taihu pig is stable, and the hybrid advantage of combining with lean pig breeds is strong. It is most suitable as a hybrid parent. Since 1950s, Yorkshire boars and Taihu sows have crossed to produce commercial pigs. After the 1970s, commercial pigs with Yorkshire, Suyok and Landrace as male parents and Taihu pig as female parents were widely popularized. Since 1984, the three-way hybrid commercial pig with Duroc as the terminal male parent has developed rapidly [1]? . At present, Taihu pig is often used as Changtai female parent (the first generation sow crossed by Landrace and Taihu pig) for ternary hybridization. Practice has proved that the three-way cross combination types such as Du Changtai or Yue Changtai keep the characteristics of more litter size, high lean meat rate and fast growth of parents in the process of hybridization. Because of the high fertility of Taihu pig, many countries in the world have introduced Taihu pig to cross with their own pig breeds in order to improve the fertility of their own pig breeds. The popularization of various economic hybrid combinations has played an important role in improving the weight gain speed, meat production capacity and economic benefits of commercial pigs.
The meat is delicious and unique, with fattening performance.
Taihu pig is precocious and fattening, with lean meat rate of 38.8% ~ 45%, muscle pH value of 6.55 and meat color score close to 3. The protein content in muscle is about 23%, and the amino acid content of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, methionine and threonine is higher than that of other varieties. The intramuscular fat content is about 65438 0.37%, and the muscle marble score is 3. During the period of 25-90kg body weight, Meishan pig gained 439g daily, and consumed 4kg concentrated feed and 3.99kg green feed per kg weight gain, which was equivalent to 5 1.63 mj digestive energy. Jiaxing black pig gained 444 grams per day in the weight stage of 25-75 kg, and consumed 3.82 kg of concentrated feed and 0.2 1 kg of green feed, equivalent to 45. 35 megajoules of digestible energy. The slaughter rate of Taihu pigs is 65% ~ 70%, the carcass lean meat rate is not high, the proportion of skin, bone, flower oil and suet oil is large, and the fat content of lean meat is high, which is slightly different among groups. The pigskin weight ratio of Fengjing pig and Meishan pig is higher, and Erhualian pig and Mizhu pig have more fat. The lean meat rate of 75 kg Fengjing pig carcass is 39.92%, and the fat content is 28. 39%, skin 18.08%, bone 1 1. 69%. The slaughter rate of Jiaxing black pig weighing 74 kg is 69. 43%, eye muscle area is 15. 48 cm2, and the water content of muscle is 74. 36%, crude protein content is 23. The diameter of muscle fiber is 36.46 microns.
disadvantaged
Weight gain is slow.
Low lean meat rate.
Adult sows are small in size, poor in constitution and difficult to breed in estrus.
Some diseases that have been tolerated have occurred in old Taihu sows, resulting in miscarriage of pregnant sows and death of piglets.
Taihu sows have the largest litter size in the world and enjoy the reputation of "national treasure". Suzhou area is the key producing area of Taihu pigs. Taihu pig is the general name of several pig breeds in Taihu Lake area, including Erhualian pig, Meishan pig, Hengjing pig, Fengjing pig, rice pig, Shawutou pig and Jiaxing black pig, which are mainly distributed in 43 counties and districts of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai around Taihu Lake basin. In order to avoid the phenomenon of "homonym", according to the investigation of 1973, relevant experts named seven pig breeds with similar germplasm characteristics distributed in Taihu Lake Basin as "Taihu Pig". Under the background of superior natural geographical environment, unique agricultural production mode, rich feed resources, developed urban economy, transportation and trade, extensive social needs and long history of raising pigs in Taihu Lake area, Taihu pig has been continuously improved by local people, and finally through cross breeding of Dahualian pig and rice pig, it has formed many high-quality characteristics such as fresh meat, high fertility and rough feeding tolerance.
reference data
Baidu Encyclopedia: /item/ Taihu sow #2_2