Miyagi * * * consists of three parts, namely Ye Ting Palace and East Palace, with Taiji Palace in the middle. Both the East Palace and the Yeting Palace are small in scale, each accounting for only a small part of Miyagi. The East Palace is where the Crown Prince lives and works. Ye Ting Palace has a special function. Mainly used to accommodate the children of criminal bureaucrats to work and learn skills in the palace. Its essence is the current "juvenile reeducation through labor".
The main building of Miyagi is Taiji Palace, which was reconstructed from the Daxing Palace in the Sui Dynasty. It is located at the northernmost part of the central axis of Chang 'an, symbolizing the emperor's "supreme, with kings in the south". Taiji Palace, the political center in the early Tang Dynasty, was mainly used here during the reign of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan and Emperor Taizong Li Shimin.
Taiji Palace has two gates, the south gate is the main gate, also called Chengtianmen. It is opposite to Tianjie and Suzaku Street on the central axis of Chang 'an. Between the city gate and the imperial city, there is a square with a width of 440 meters. Many important foreign activities in the Tang Dynasty were held here, such as Yuan Dynasty reform, amnesty, New Year's Day, winter solstice, military parade and prisoners. At this time, the emperor boarded the Chengtianmen Gate, and all the officials gathered in the square. The scene is very spectacular. There are sixteen halls in Taiji Palace, among which Taiji Hall, Liangyi Hall, Ganlu Hall and Yanjia Hall are called four halls. In addition, there are important buildings such as Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province, Sheren Building, Hong Wen Pavilion, Ningyin Pavilion and Wangyun Pavilion. Taijitang is the front hall and the main building of Taiji Palace. It is said that the name of Taiji Palace comes from Taijitang. Taiji Hall is the place where the "China-DPRK" is held in the palace. On the second day of every month, the emperor would call ministers here to handle government affairs. At that time, civil servants and military commanders will be seated in different levels, and the emperor will sit in front of them to discuss state affairs. There are two rites in the north of Taiji Hall, which hold the so-called "inner court". Inner dynasty is a ceremony for the emperor to discuss state affairs with a few courtiers. Usually only a few decision-making ministers, that is, the emperor's cronies, are eligible to participate. So the ceremony is simple and casual. However, the inner dynasty played an important role in influencing the decision-making of the dynasty. Therefore, when there are important state affairs, it is often necessary to discuss and decide in this hall now, and then scrape off the hall to discuss with ministers during the "China-DPRK" period.
In the Tang Dynasty, there were three major palaces in Chang 'an, besides Taiji Palace, Daming Palace in the Forbidden Garden outside the north wall and Xingqing Palace in Qin Long Square in the east. The decline and prosperity of the three Miyagi, in the history of the Tang Dynasty insurmountable stage, each occupies an important position. Daming Palace, formerly known as Yong 'an Palace, was a Summer Palace built by Li Shimin for his father Tang Gaozu in the eighth year of Zhenguan. After Li Yuan's death, Yong 'an Palace was renamed Daming Palace, which has been uninhabited and has become a detached palace. When Li Zhishi arrived in Tang Gaozong, he was depressed by rheumatism and hated the humidity in Taiji Palace, so he moved to Daming Palace, which is located in Longshouyuan with high terrain and dry ground. The rebuilt Daming Palace has eleven palace gates, the most important of which is Fengdan Gate in the south (meaning "Feng Dan facing the sun") and Xuanwu Gate in the north (meaning "Northern Xuanwu" Feng Shui).
The layout of Taiji Palace and Daming Palace is basically similar, but Nannei Xingqing Palace is very different from the former two. The overall layout of the latter is characterized by unconventional, local conditions and diverse styles. For example, the main palace gate opens to the west and is unique. Compared with the first two, it is more lively, magnificent and luxurious, which invisibly leads to a big mystery of Chang 'an Palace, that is, why did Xingqing Palace rebel against the previous rules and do something unconventional? To solve this mystery, we must have the key of "applied Yi-ology" (all the knowledge guided by Zhouyi, Feng Shui is just one of them). (Compile Pang Yulong)
Palace Gardens and Amusement Places in Tang Dynasty
The national strength of the Tang Dynasty was strong, and Chang 'an Palace was magnificent. There is Tai yuechi county in the north of Daming Palace, Penglai Mountain is isolated, and there are more than 400 cloisters around the pool. Xingqing Palace is centered on Longchi and surrounded by several courtyards. Xiyuan is the most beautiful of the three inner gardens. There are rockeries, lakes, swamps and canals in the garden. There are Furong Garden and Qujiang Pool in the southeast corner of Chang 'an City, which are open to the public within a certain period of time. It is actually an ancient public amusement park.
In the Tang Dynasty, Jiucheng Palace of the Summer Palace in Tiantai Mountain, linyou county was famous. Huaqing Palace at the foot of Lishan Mountain in Lintong County is a winter palace to avoid the cold.
Daming Palace
The site is located on Longshouyuan in the northeast of Xi City, Shaanxi Province. In the eighth year of Zhenguan in Li Shimin (634), Emperor Taizong built Yong 'an Palace in the forbidden garden in the northeast corner of Chang 'an Miyagi, and renamed it Daming Palace the following year. In the second year of Longshuo (662), Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong, expanded and changed its name to Penglai Palace, which later became the main place where the Tang emperors lived and listened to politics in Chang 'an. Destroyed by war at the end of the Tang Dynasty. 196 1 year, and its site was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Daming Palace stands at the top of the dragon's head, far away from Zhong Nanshan, overlooking Chang 'an, with a grand scale and magnificent momentum. Miyagi plane is an irregular rectangle, wide in the south and narrow in the north. The length of the north wall is1135m, and the length of the south wall (that is, a section of the north wall of Chang 'an) is1674m. The west wall is perpendicular to the north and south walls, with a length of 2256 meters. The east wall twists and turns. There are three parallel things in the palace wall of Miyagi. All palace walls are rammed earth walls, and only the inner and outer surfaces at the junction with the city gate and the corner of the city wall are paved with bricks. The width of the city foundation is 13m, the depth is 1m, and the width of the city wall bottom is 10m. Outside the east, north and west walls in the north of Miyagi, there are parallel walls. The west and east sides of Jiacheng are 55 meters away from Miyagi, and the north Jiacheng is 0/60 meters away from Miyagi/KLOC. The Danfeng Gate in the center of the south wall of Gongcheng is the main entrance, Yan Gate and Wang Xianmen in the east, and Fu Jian Gate and Xing 'an Gate in the west. There is the right Yintai Gate in the middle of the western wall and the Jiuxian Gate in the north. There is a left inkpad door on the east wall; In the middle of the north wall is Xuanwu Gate, in the east is Han Yin Gate, in the west is Xiaoqing Gate, and in the north of Xuanwu Gate is a heavy Xuanmen. At that time, the area around Beimen was the residence of the imperial army in Beiya, which was related to the safety of the imperial court. Therefore, there are three doors within a distance of less than 200 meters (including the heavy doors in Xuanwu Gate), and the base addresses of these doors still exist.
According to records, Daming Palace is divided into two parts: the outer dynasty and the inner dynasty. The foreign dynasties followed the three dynasties system of Taiji Palace in Tang Dynasty, and along the north-south axis there were the Han and Yuan halls of the great dynasty, the Zheng Xuan hall of the Japanese dynasty and the Chen Zi hall of the long dynasty. There are several halls and attics on the east and west sides of the three halls. Some official institutions are attached to overseas Korean parts, such as Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province, Hong Wen Museum and History Museum. Part of the palace is centered on the Ether Pool. Penglai Mountain is built by the pool, and a winding corridor is set around the pool. Around the main hall, pavilions and sleeping halls are in the south of Chi. This is the place where the emperor and queen live and rest. The specific location of each hall needs further archaeological excavation to determine.
Hanyuan Palace, the first palace in the central axis of Daming Palace. This is where important ceremonies are held. Hanyuan Temple uses the original highland of Longtou as the temple base. Now the remaining sites are more than 10 meters higher than the south terrace. The east, north and west sides of the temple are rammed earth walls with white ash. The width of the hall is 1 1, and each room is more than 5 meters wide and 4 rooms deep. The north wall is 5 meters away from the center of the north inner trough column, and the north-south span of the inner trough column is 9.8 meters. The temple is surrounded by secondary corridors. There is a square column foundation on the temple site. The length and width of the lower square part are 1.4m and the height is 0.52m. The upper convex basin is 10cm in height and 84cm in diameter. Only from the size of this component, we can see the scale of the Han and Yuan temples. Weilong in front of the temple is 75 meters long, with plain square bricks on the pavement, lotus square bricks on the slope, bluestone goulan on both sides, stone pillars and decapitated heads. There are two pavilions, Xiangluan Pavilion and Qifeng Pavilion, in front of the east and west sides of the Han and Yuan Dynasties Hall, which are connected with the Han and Yuan Dynasties Hall by a rectangular corridor. This huge palace complex embodies the vigorous style of architecture in the Tang Dynasty and has become a model for later palaces.
Linde Hall is the place where the emperor holds banquets, watches acrobatic dances and makes Buddhist works. It is located on the highland west of Taiye Pool, 90 meters away from the western wall of Gongcheng. The abutment of the palace ruins is made of rammed earth and surrounded by brick walls. It is rectangular, with a length of130m from north to south and a width of about 77m from east to west. The upper and lower floors, the temple and the porch are built on the upper abutment. Linde Temple consists of a front hall, a middle hall and a back hall. The middle hall is the main hall, with 9 rooms wide from east to west (except one with two gables). The front hall is also 9 rooms wide from east to west. The two mountains are flush with the nave, and there is no wall before and after. There are 4 rooms at each end, of which 7 rooms are deep and 3 rooms are deep, and the ground is also paved with slate. The back hall is separated from the middle hall by a wall, and the two mountains are aligned with the middle hall, with a depth of 3 rooms. The ground is paved with square bricks, and there are cloisters around the hall. The back side of the temple is the first floor in the east, and the adjacent buildings are in the west. There are East Pavilion and West Pavilion in front of the two floors. Buildings and pavilions are built on rammed earth platforms, and pavilions and cloisters set off the three halls, forming a group of large-scale architectural combinations with Tang characteristics.
Xingqing palace
Located in the eastern suburb of Xi City, Shaanxi Province, the site is one of the three palaces in Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty. The other two are Daming Palace and Taiji Palace. In the second year of Kaiyuan (7 14), Xingqing Square, the former residence of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, was built. The layout of the palace is asymmetric, and there is a large flower garden in the south, which is separated from the palace. The first year of Tang Tianyou (904) was destroyed.
According to records, Xingqing Palace is divided into north and south parts by an east-west horizontal wall. The northern part is the palace area, and the main entrance is the western wall Xingqing Gate; The south is a garden area. The east is connected with Daming Palace through Jiacheng. The main hall is Xingqing Hall, and the main buildings are Datong Hall, Nanxun Hall and Xinshe Hall. Longshou Canal runs through the palace area, across the east and west horizontal walls of Yingzhoumen, and flows into Longchi in the garden area. The garden area is centered on Longchi, and there is an agarwood pavilion in the northeast corner. There are Qinzheng Building and Hexianghui Building in the southwest of the palace, which are the places where Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty announced amnesty, changed the Yuan Dynasty, accepted surrender, received congratulations, met and hosted banquets. The whole palace has no overall central axis, which is rare in ancient palace buildings. The length of the site is1250m from north to south and1080m from east to west. During the period of 1958, excavations were carried out in the site, including a gate site with a width of 5 rooms, a length of 26.5 meters and a depth of 3 rooms, and a width of 19 meters. In the middle room, there is a rammed earth platform on the deep west side, and the outer side of the earth platform is connected with the Nangong wall. In the open room, except for the bay road. This place was once considered as the location of diligent office buildings. However, some people think that it is inconsistent with the position and scale contained in the literature.