Overview of Hequ
The terrain of Hequ County is high in the east and low in the west, with the highest height in the east being more than 1,500 meters. The coast of the Yellow River in the west is only about 800 meters long, and the territory is hilly, with an altitude generally above 1,000 meters. Due to the cutting by running water, the ground surface is broken, ravines are crisscrossed, vegetation is sparse, and soil erosion is serious.
Hequ County has a dry and cold climate, with an average annual temperature of 8.8℃, minus 9℃ in January and 23℃ in July. The annual rainfall is 460 mm, the frost period is from late September to mid-to-late April of the following year, and the frost-free period is about 150 days.
The county currently has 358,700 acres of cultivated land, and the main food crops are millet, millet, sorghum, wheat, corn, etc. Economic crops include peppers, linen, sesame, peanuts, garlic, etc. The afforestation area is more than 250,000 acres, the total wood storage volume is more than 60,000 cubic meters, and the seedling area is more than 5,000 acres. The main tree species include poplar, willow, elm, and locust tree. The orchard covers an area of ??more than 13,000 acres, with an annual output of more than 3 million jins. The main varieties include apples, pears, grapes, jujubes, sand fruits, walnuts, etc.
Hequ County is rich in mineral resources, mainly including coal, sulfur, iron, manganese, oil shale, bauxite, etc. Among them, coal reserves are the largest, about 119 trillion tons, followed by iron, which is about 1.5 billion tons. The industries include coal, sulfur, thermal power, chemical industry, machinery and other production industries.
The specialty of Hequ County is sea red fruit, commonly known as "small fruit", which is a specialty of Hequ County. Hequ has a long history of growing this fruit, and its products are sold throughout the country.
Hequ was the border area of ??Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhao in the Warring States Period, and Taiyuan in the Han and Tang Dynasties. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Liu Chong of the Northern Han Dynasty established Xiongyong Town, which belonged to Lanzhou. In the seventh year of Taiping's rejuvenation of the Song Dynasty, the Dashan Army was established. In the fourth year of Zhiping, Huoshan County was established, which was later abandoned. In the first year of Jin Zhenyuan, Hequ County was established. In the 22nd year of Dading, it was promoted to a volcanic state and later renamed Australia. In the seventh year of Emperor Xianzong's reign in the Yuan Dynasty, the province was transferred to Baodezhou. In the fourteenth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, Hequ County was restored. In the sixth year of the province, it was restored to Taiyuan Prefecture in the fourteenth year. In the second year of the reign of Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed under the jurisdiction of Baodezhou. In the third year of the Republic of China, the road was established and belonged to Yanmen Road. In the 16th year of the Republic of China, it was abolished and directly belonged to Shanxi Province. Hequ is a famous cultural city of 2000 that integrates the natural wonders of the Yellow River and the cultural wonders of the Yellow River. Along the western line of the Yellow River from north to south, wonderful scenery emerges one after another. Mituo Cave and Shijing Temple are located on the cliff of the Yellow River, 25 kilometers northeast of the county. The upper and lower levels descend and are connected to each other by planks and single-plank bridges. At the bottom of the cliff is the surging Yellow River, roaring to the end; at the top are Sakyamuni, Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva, the Four Heavenly Kings, and the Eight-Cave Immortals, with Buddhist niches in the clouds, peaceful and quiet.
Niangniangtan is located in the middle of the Yellow River 7.5 kilometers northeast of the county. The island has towering green trees. The branches are full of fruits and live in these more than 30 Yellow River families. According to legend, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty and his mother, Queen Mother Bo, were falsely accused and demoted here by Empress Lu, pretending to be the "Empress's Beach". Echoing this, there is another small island not far upstream, Prince's Beach. A temple was built on it to worship the Yellow River. It was destroyed during the Zhengtong period of Ming Dynasty. In recent years, the tiles from the Northern Wei Dynasty unearthed on Prince Edward Beach have the inscription "Long Live Wealth".
Hequ County, like many counties close to the Yellow River, has honest folk customs and simple architecture. Every day, the sound of the Yellow River waves accompanies the small town residents as they fall asleep. The landmark building in the county town is the Zhuangyuan Tower located at Dadunliang in the east of the city. It was built during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. The pagoda was originally a Buddhist sacred object. Since the Ming Dynasty, the function of the pagoda has undergone fundamental changes. It was originally used to bury Buddha bones (relics), and has become a building that embellishes the scenery, balances the earth's destiny, and promotes cultural relics. The twin towers in Taiyuan are like this, and the Zhuangyuan Tower in Hequ is also like this. The Zhuangyuan Tower is 31 meters high and looks like Zhuangyuan Lang's giant pen with rafters. Towering into the sky. The long reflection of the Zhuangyuan Tower on the Yellow River when the sun rises. Crossing the Yellow River, you can go directly to Dakou Village in Inner Mongolia on the other side of the Yellow River. Coincidentally, there is a huge stone at the entrance of the village, which looks like a big inkstone. Therefore, every time the sun rises, the giant shadow of Shanxi Zhuangyuan Lang's rafter pen wants to be soaked in the essence of the giant Mongolian inkstone and start writing another wonderful chapter of the Yellow River. The Zhuangyuan Pagoda is so lifelike, with both nature and spirit, and the prosperous Hequ literary style. It opens up old records and takes scientific examinations. Hequ people have repeatedly won the exams. In addition, Jiuqu Yellow River has also nurtured another generation of talented folk artists.
The Zhuangyuan Tower is said to be used to balance the luck of the earth. In the early Qing Dynasty, Hequ was very poor. The folk song said: "Hequ protects Dezhou and does not harvest crops for ninety-nine years. The men go out and the women pick up bitter herbs." In order to turn around, the county officials and squires invited Kanyu's family. According to legend, this gentleman walked all over the streets and alleys of Hequ and could not get out of the critical spot. Walking to sunset, we stepped onto the river embankment. Suddenly, I saw a black dragon on the opposite side, staring eagerly, sucking the essence of the river. Dakou Village in Inner Mongolia on the other side is located at the mouth of a long ditch shaped like a black dragon. The landform is strange, filled with yin energy, and looks like a black dragon's bloody mouth.
With such a strange beast sleeping soundly on its side, how can Hequ City gather gold and make money? The county officials and squires decided to build a tower at the top of the city to suppress the demon. The 31-meter-high Zhuangyuan Tower soon reached into the sky. The reflection of the rafter pen is like a long rope binding the black dragon, crossing the Yellow River, restraining the monster's head, and suppressing the evil spirit. Coincidentally, Hequ City built the Zhuangyuan Tower in the Qianlong year. The pen prospered the next year and became a land and water wharf that Shanxi merchants must pass through when traveling from north to south. The camel caravans, loaded with furs from Central Asia, Xinjiang, and Inner Mongolia, headed for the Central Plains; the caravans, loaded with fine silk tea from the south, headed for the northwest. In the small Hequ County town, merchants often gather and the warehouses are full. The well-informed businessmen traveling from south to north ate the Yellow River carp from Yuxianglou in Zhengzhou, but they never expected that in a small place like the meander of the river, there would be the most delicious carp delicacy in the world - the Yellow River - that rivaled any other part of the Yellow River in the world. Stone flower carp. This rare carp is found exclusively in the Tianqiao Gorge in the southwest of the river meander. The upper and lower sides are smooth, with rapids and slow water, and fish species of all kinds. It has always been a royal tribute. The stone flower carp has red eyes and golden scales, a red line on its spine, snow-white flesh and a large body weight. It is famous for its delicious food. It can only be caught when the river thaws every year, so it is called "open river fish". The order of magnitude is small, making it the best among carp. Those wealthy businessmen who had eaten carp feasts in Zhengzhou and Jinan all sighed after tasting the stone flower carp: the delicacies of the Yellow River come from the meander of the river.
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2 Overview of He meander
Brother, please go to the west exit. It’s really hard for me to keep my little sister;
Take my brother’s hand and walk him to the gate.
Brother, please take the west exit, little sister, I have something to say;
You have to take the main intersection when walking, there are many people and horses to relieve your worries.
......
A song "Going to the West Exit" sings out the bitterness of the children of the Yellow River; a song "Going to the West Exit" captivates the strong men of the world; a song "Going to the West Exit", Let everyone in the world know that at the bend of the Yellow River, there is an ancient city called He meander. The folk song art of Hequ can be said to be unique in Shanxi. The most common form of expression is the "two-person stage", where one person is ugly, can sing and dance, is vigorous and lively, and is deeply loved by people in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places. There are more than 100 plays in the "Two Acts" repertoire. The most famous ones include "Walking to the West Exit", "Visiting the Sick", "Hang the Red Light", "Wash Money", "Planting Fruit Trees", "Carbon Digging" and so on. Many of these famous songs mainly praise the love life of the children of the Yellow River, and have strong local characteristics and Yellow River customs. "The running water of the temple fair in the mountain city goes on all day long, and the two-person stage in the town theater sings until late at night." The prosperity of Hequ City in ancient times is still talked about by future generations. (Taiyuan Taoist Note: For information about "Going to the West Gate" and the two-person stage, please refer to the Shanxi Famous Songs column of this site)
The rise and prosperity of Hequ drama art has been represented by a representative figure in history, that is, the great dramatist of the Yuan Dynasty Bai Pu. Bai Pu, Zi Renfu, Tai Su, Mr. Langu, was born in 1226 and died in 1312, from Australia (Hequ, Shanxi). He is one of the four great masters of Yuan Opera. Most of its works mainly focus on love stories showing the joys and sorrows of men and women, such as "Zhu Yingtai Marries Liang Shanbo", "Su Xiaoxiao Dreams on a Moonlit Night in Qiantang", "Tang Minghuang's Autumn Night with Wutong Rain", "Pei Shaojun's Horse on the Wall" and so on. Many of these masterpieces are still in the theater repertoire.
Walking around Hequ County, I really want to find some cultural relics about the great dramatist Bai Pu. Although there are very clear records in history, there is no trace of it until now. Just when I was filled with melancholy, the radio suddenly reminded me of the tactful and lively duo station. At this time, I finally realized that the people of Hequ had already integrated the cultural essence of Mr. Bai Pu into the folk songs that people could never tire of listening to. They truly inherited and expanded Mr. Bai Pu’s ideas spiritually. From this, I thought of a strange phenomenon nowadays: In order to take advantage of the celebrity effect and attract tourists, some counties in Shanxi Province are constantly trying to seize the opportunity to make long-dead historical celebrities into local sages. Spirit. From this point of view, the simple Hequ people are much nobler and wiser than them. A passionate two-person performance, people immediately think of Bai Pu, the first great dramatist in history to create "Butterfly Lovers". Inherited in the same vein and with the same water, the culture and art of the meander, like the Yellow River, stir the soul and flow endlessly.
Hequ Overview:
The total area of ??Hequ County is 1,327 square kilometers.
The total population is 140,000 (2004).
The County People’s Government is located in Wenbi Town. Postcode: 036500. Code: 140930. Area code: 0350. Pinyin: Hequ Xian.
Administrative division:
Hequ County governs 4 towns and 9 townships: Wenbi Town, Louziying Town, Liujiata Town, Xun Town, Lugu Township, Qianchuan Township , Shanzhai Township, Tugou Township, Jiuxian Township, Shaping Township, Sheliang Township, Shaquan Township, and Zhaojiagou Township.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Wenbi Town are: Kecun, Jiaoweicheng, Pingquan, Zaidongliang, Beiyuan, Nanyuan, Tangjiahui, Tieguomu, Chuanwan, Shapan, Daiyuedian, Wu Jia Sha Liang, Wei Mao, Miao Long.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Xunzhen are: Henan, Hebei, Hehui, Fanjiagou, Wuhua Castle, Wuhuacheng Village, Pulu, Xiaying, Gouerwa, Shuangmiao, Huangbai, Houjia Gou, Shangyuwa, Xiayuwa, Lujiaya, Taoshan, Xiaoniye, Yangjiazhai, Shapozi, Daliye, Huoshiliang, Xiaoyuling, Quyu, Yangmian, Shangzhuang, Shitiye, Chi Niye, Tian Jumao.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Louziying Town are: Louziying, Hewan, Luoquanbao, Niangniangtan, Maliankou, Liangjiaqi, Gaomao, Wuyu, Dayu, Tianwa, Data, Shangnangou, Xianangou, Bailuquan, Dayulin, Cypress Strips and Baiwa.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Liujiata Town are: Liujiata, Dongjiazhuang, Haojiagou, Qiandawa, Houdawa, Lupu, Yangerta, Wanhu, Cuijiayi, Lijia No.1, Changweigou, Dongjia Shaye, Shicheng, Pingtou, Shuerliang, Shouerwa, Renyi Village, Lower Dengcaoye, Zhongdengcaoye, Baolongzui, Shangdengcaoye, Longwan, Sha Tsui, Shanzhuangtou, Uijiuye, Huangwei, Chuanjiawa, Hongmiliang, Dongliang, Shangyangcang, Xiayangcang, Fengjiazhuang.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Jiuxian Township are: Jiuxian, Wangshan, Longmenggou, Huoshan, Shawan, Zoumaliang, Jianjiagou, Wangyizhuang, Miaoxinzhuang, Xiaowu Village, Zhifang Gou, Yangjiagou, Dingjiagou, Yangjiawa, Xiaowujiaya, Shangtanshui, Hardimao, Fanjialiang, Pugou, Hepan, Hejiaya, Liu Yuantou, Yanjiaya, Dawangjiaya, Go down to Tanshui and He Tower.
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3 Overview of He meander
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Liugu Township are: Jinlugu, Shirencun, Xiayuquan, Shangyuquan, Baijiaye, Nanshawa, Haoliang, Zhuangzi, Wangsimao, Yangqiaowa, Dacun, Xiao Ni, Yaopo, Qiaolugu, Qijiaye, Xiangyangpo, Siye, Chengta, Zhaishang, Xinzhuangzi, Bianjiagou, Luotuoye, Daliang, Yangpoquan, Ciyao, Yetou, Huita.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Qianchuan Township are: Qianchuan, Xingzuo, Qixing, Yulinliang, Houchuan, Cang'erping, Sangbuliang, Zhengjiawa, Duoyin, Shapo, Gongjialiang, Niucao Wa, Nanye, Majiaye, Shijiazhuang, Qiangou, Hougou, Liujiashaye, Shanggouzhuang, Xiagouzhuang, Shijiashan and Dayinliang.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Tugou Township are: Tugou Village, Hecha, Heidouwa, Pavilion, Tuping, Shangzhuang, Xinyaogedong, Zhaiwa, Cungou, Yuliwa, Shijia Liang, Wangjiashan, Maquanwa, Shiyaowa, Panjiashan, Qianxiazhuang, Houxiazhuang, Henglianghui, Yuejiashan, Junliang, Junhe, Yuliping.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Shanzhai Township are: Shanzhai Village, Longnaojiao, Xipo, Dijiawa, Huoshan, Taiziju, Shuigou, Wenwupo, Tuanmao, Xincun, Shangdahuitou , Xiadahuitou, Wanglongjiazui, Houshibangou, Yangmanliang, Qianshibangou Shentangmao, East, Huihujiaping, Zihe, Xizihe, Hongyamao, Madongping, Caojiaping, Houyaoyu , Shazhai, Qianyaoyu, Gaojialiang, Wayaopo.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Shaping Township are: Shaping, Liujiagou, Qianmadigou, Houmadigou, Xujiaya, Zhaijiagou, Wujiazhuang, Zhaojiazui, Zhuanyaogou, Shibiaoliang , Geda, Liujiazhai, Dujialiang, Guojiazhuang, Jubaogou, Guojiaye, Ge Zhenlong, Shenye, Fanjiaye, Baijiazui, Zhangjiaye, Xishan, Xiaye, Baidaofan, Gaoshi Ya, Huangfanzui, Jingwanzi, Dingjiawa, Hupingzui, Mugualiang, Qiaojiagou, Weishaping and Xujiapo.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Sheliang Township are: Sheliang, Yangjiaye, Jianshan, Hanjiawan, Xiangshanliang, Huangju, Weiping, Baozhailiang, Jingyugou, Yubuzui, Xinyao, Lijia, Tianjiaya, Jiajiashan, Peijiajia, Liujiagou, Haojiaya, Liujiajia, Mukeqiao, Jinggou, Junchi, Zhaoyuantou, Bailiye, Shaye, Jiajiamao, Xiang son.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Shaquan Township are: Zhujiachuan, Qianhongya, Zhaipo, Luziping, Pushang, Daer, Shaquan, Gaopo, Shipo, Shigou Tower, Podi , Tianwa, Dujiashan, Shekeye, Shenshuzui, Qingyang Tower, Shiyinggou, Chuankou, Zhaijiawa, former Liujiashan, rear Liujiashan, Yinta, rear Hongya, Gaojiahui, Jiangou , Shiling, Shuangshentang, Dongxinyao, Sijiagou, Nanhougou and Xihuang.
The administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Zhaojiagou Township are: Zhaojiagou, Weishanpo, Gelaodian, Jiajiashan, Shuiquan, Jinjiagou, Zhangjiata, Zhangweita, Wangjiagou, Qian Ni Cai, Zhong Ni Cai, Ge Liao Ju, Qian Mo Di Pagoda, Hou Mo Di Pagoda, Hulu Mountain, Dragon King Pagoda, Sunjiagou, Gun Buddha Ye, Shu Shi Ye, Dong Ye, Heida'er, Baicao Slope.
Historical evolution:
? In 2017, Hequ County governed: Chengguan Town, Louziying Town, Liujiata Town, Xunzhen Town, Shuerliang Township, Nancheng Township, Sicheng Township, Wuhuacheng Township, Lugu Township, Xindao Township, and Jiuxian County Township, Gezhenlong Township, Shaping Township, Sheliang Township, Hongyamao Township, Tugou Township, Shanzhai Township, Qianchuan Township, Yinta Township, Shaquan Township, and Zhaojiagou Township.
In 2000, the total population of Hequ County was 138,811, and the population of each township was: Chengguan Town 39,052 Louziying Town 9,605 Liujiata Town 7,806 Xunzhen Town 14,089 Shuerliang Township 5,613 Wuhua Town 4,067 Lugu Township 4160 Siye Township 4131 Nanye Township 2865 Shanzhai Township 3287 Tugou Township 4078 Qianchuan Township 3423 Hongyamao Township 2336 Jiuxian Township 8133 Chaoping Township 3712 Xinye Township 4973 Sheliang Township 2489 Gezhenlong Township 2747 Shaquan Township 5541 Yinta Township 4128 Zhaojiagou Township 2576 (based on the fifth census data; unit: person)
March 6, 2007, compiled by Hequ Forum Nongnong