Survey Report on Scenic Spots and Historic Sites in Bengbu Area Abstract Bengbu - a pearl in the Huaihe River Basin, has a long history and splendid culture.
Many ancient heroes have left their footprints here, and many beautiful stories have spread across both sides of the Huaihe River.
But now, the footprints of the hero have been almost wiped out, and the beautiful story has been forgotten.
As the children of Huaihe River, we must understand the history and culture of our hometown and have the responsibility to promote it and make it shine again, and contribute to the development of Bengbu.
Keywords Bengbu history and culture 1. Purpose of investigation: As we all know, Bengbu, as a pearl in the Huaihe River Basin, is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains and connects the south and the north, the east and the west. Hub, transportation is very convenient.
Although Bengbu is a new city, this land has a long history and profound cultural heritage.
As middle school students in Bengbu City, in order to better understand the long history and culture of our hometown, so that future generations will always remember it, and let her play an important role in the development of Bengbu, we launched this project investigation.
2. Investigation method: In order to achieve the expected goals, we not only consulted a large amount of information, but also conducted on-site inspections.
In the early stage of the research, we obtained some information through libraries, the Internet, etc., and had a preliminary understanding of the historical and cultural background of the Bengbu area.
On this basis, we analyzed several representative monuments in the Bengbu area - Yuwang Palace, Bianhe Cave, Bairuquan, Tanghe Tomb, Mingzhongdu Imperial City and Minghuang Mausoleum. , conducted a more in-depth field investigation.
3. Investigation and research process: ⒈ The first stage (October 2001): Searching for literature in the library.
Such as: "Chinese Culture Dictionary", "Chinese Encyclopedia Sociology", "Anhui Scenery and Northern Anhui Scenery".
Search the web.
Related website: History Museum (:// bta/travel/).
Through the review, we have a preliminary understanding of the origin and development of the history and culture of the Bengbu area, which provides clues for further investigation and research.
⒉ The second phase (November 2001 - February 2002): On-site inspection of historical and cultural relics in the Bengbu area to verify the authenticity of the information and understand the current status of these monuments.
Key inspection objects: ① Palace of Yu (on Tushan Mountain at the junction of Bengbu and Huaiyuan) ② White Milk Spring and Bianhe Cave (on Jingshan Mountain in Huaiyuan) ③ Tanghe Tomb (on the shore of Longzi Lake in the eastern suburbs of Bengbu) ④ Ming Zhongdu Imperial City, Ming Emperor Mausoleum (within Fengyang County) ⒊ The third stage (February 2002): Screening, sorting out materials and pictures, summarizing the results, writing a paper, revising it repeatedly, and printing it into a document.
4. Preliminary research results: Bengbu is a new city in the Huaihe River Basin.
Originally a small fishing village, it got its name from the abundance of river mussels.
It is said in ancient books that this place was "the place where early ancestors fished for pearls and the soil where they thrived". It was not until the late Qing Dynasty that it evolved into a small town on the northwest border of Fengyang County.
In just over a hundred years, Bengbu has developed into an important city in central Anhui and an important railway hub for the motherland, quietly contributing to the modernization of the motherland.
Although the history of Bengbu city is not long, this area has a long history and culture.
From Dayu at the end of the primitive society in Chinese history to Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, they all left their footprints here and left many beautiful and moving stories here: Dayu's flood control , failed to enter the house three times; Zhu Yuanzhang's bumpy experience, the difficulty of starting a business;... With respect for history, we felt the pulse of history and began the investigation.
⒈ Yu Palace Yu Palace is located at the junction of Bengbu and Huaiyuan, on Tushan Mountain. It was built to commemorate Dayu's great achievements in controlling floods and benefiting the people.
Tushan is 337.2 meters above sea level and faces Jingshan across the Huaihe River. According to legend, it was the place where Xia Yu married Tushan’s daughter and met with the princes. It was also the birthplace of Qi, the first emperor of the Xia Dynasty.
Tushan was called the Tushan Kingdom in ancient times, and it is said that Dayu "passed through the house three times without entering" during flood control.
Legend has it that the Tu and Jing mountains were originally one body. When Dayu was controlling the floods, he split the mountains to divert water and dredge the Huaihe River, forming a canyon and separating it. Today, there are still ruins of the Broken Plum Valley between the two mountains.
On the top of Tushan Mountain is the Temple of King Yu, which was built no later than the Tang Dynasty.
The temple has the Hall of King Yu and the Hall of Qimu.
The side rooms on both sides display the inscriptions built in the past dynasties.
There is an ancient ginkgo tree in the courtyard, which was injured by thunder and fire. Two peach trees grew out of the tree, which is a wonder. People call it "the tree within the tree". There is a poem praising it: "There is a peach tree outside the mountain." The mountains are all picturesque, and the trees among the trees have no age.”
There is a stone standing in the southwest of the temple. Looking into the distance, it looks like a woman sitting upright. It is called the Kaimu Stone and the Wangfu Stone.
According to legend, Dayu was on the road all year long when he was controlling floods. His wife, Tushan's daughter (Qimu), went to the mountain to look at her husband. She thought about it day and night, and turned it into stone.
There are also scenic spots such as Holy Spring, Lingquan, Juxian Terrace, and Woxian Stone on the mountain.
At the foot of the mountain, there are ruins such as Yuhui Village and Fangfeng Tomb.
Literati Cao Pi, Liu Zongyuan, Su Shi, Su Che, Ouyang Xiu, Huang Tingjian, Mei Yaochen, Song Lian, etc. all visited here and left a large number of poems.
Every year on the 28th day of the third lunar month, to commemorate Xia Yu’s birthday, a grand temple fair is held in the local area, which continues to this day.
⒉ Bianhe Cave Bianhe Cave, also known as Baopu Rock and Baoyu Rock, is located at the northeast foot of Jingshan Mountain in Huaiyuan County.
According to legend, it was the place where Bian He, a native of the Chu state, presented jade to hermitage during the Spring and Autumn Period. Li Bai, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once said, "I brought a jade into the Chu state, and I doubt what I heard in ancient times."
Good treasures are eventually abandoned. , the poem "Three sacrifices to the king in vain" chants about it.
The cave is covered by huge rocks and is naturally formed.
The cave is as wide as a house and can accommodate dozens of people.
The four characters "Qingluo Shi Zhang" are engraved on the rock wall.
The summer heat does not invade, and the winter is as warm as spring.
There is a poem by the ancients: "The white jade in the city is unparalleled, and the green snails in the ancient cave have old inscriptions."
There is a pavilion at the entrance of the cave with a plaque inscribed "Baopu Rock", which was built during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty.
⒊White Ruquan White Ruquan, also known as White Turtle Spring, is located at the northern foot of Jingshan Mountain in the south of Huaiyuan County. It is named after the legend that there is a white turtle in the spring.
During the Yuanyou period of the Song Dynasty, Su Dongpo and his son traveled here. They saw that the spring water was as white as milk and was inexhaustible at all times. The water filled the cup without overflowing. It was quite strange. It was praised as "the seventh spring in the world" and left The poems "Jingshan Mountain is green and green, Chu water is clear and chaotic" and "Turtle springs are covered with wooden branches, and milk and stone ponds are overflowing", so later generations changed its name to Bairuquan.
According to water quality analysis, the spring water is rich in minerals and has high surface tension, so it can fill the cup without overflowing.
To the left of the spring is the Huai Tower. The plaque is handwritten by Guo Moruo, and the four walls of the building are decorated with couplets written by celebrities from past dynasties.
On the right side of the spring is the Double Martyrs' Shrine, which was built to commemorate Song Yulin and Cheng Liang, the foreign martyrs among the 72 martyrs in Huanghuagang of the Revolution of 1911.
There is a pavilion on the side of the temple, called Banshan Pavilion.
Bairuquan has now been designated as "Ruquan Park" and has become one of the main scenic spots in Bengbu area.
⒋ Tomb of Tang He Tang He (1326 ~ 1395) was a famous founding general of the Ming Dynasty, named Dingchen, and was born in Haozhou (now northeast of Fengyang, Anhui).
You and Zhu Yuanzhang are close friends from the same hometown.
In the twelfth year of Yuan Zhizheng (1352), he participated in the Guo Zixing Peasant Uprising Army and later awarded thousands of households with his merits.
Later, at the request of Zhu Yuanzhang, he patrolled the coasts of Shandong and Zhejiang to prepare for Japanese invaders. He built 59 fortifications and recruited more than 58,000 soldiers to guard them. Japanese pirates did not dare to offend lightly.
In the twenty-first year, he still lived in the new position of Zhongdu (now Fengyang, Anhui) and distributed the rewards he received to his old friends.
In his later years, he became more respectful and cautious, and he was 70 years old.
Tanghe Tomb is located on the bank of Longzi Lake, on Caoshan Mountain, facing north and south.
There is a mausoleum road in front of the tomb, and there are several stone horses and stone sheep standing beside the road, with different shapes and lifelike shapes.
There is an ancestral hall at the end of the mausoleum road.
There is a soup and a spiritual tablet in the ancestral hall, which leads to the soup and the cemetery palace.
In front of the stone gate of the underground palace, there are epitaphs and inscriptions of Tang He and General Yin.
Inside the stone gate is the main tomb chamber, with the soup and coffin in the middle.
Several small stone carvings of figures are located around the coffin.
There is a side room next to the main room where a virgin was buried.
There were originally a large number of burial objects in the tomb. Later, due to the theft of the tomb, a large number of cultural relics were lost. However, there are still some valuable cultural relics, such as national first-class protected cultural relics. There are only three pieces of Ming blue and white ceramics in the country. vase.
The tomb collapsed due to age and damage from tomb robbers, and was later rebuilt in the 1980s.
⒌ The ??Imperial City of Zhongdu in the Ming Dynasty The Imperial City of Zhongdu in the Ming Dynasty is located to the south of Fenghuang Mountain in the northwest of Fengyang County, Anhui Province. Here, three mountains are connected, the sun rises high, and the Huaihe River lingers.
In the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369), Emperor Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang decided to build the central capital in Linhao (now Fengyang), his birthplace.
The Imperial City of Zhongdu has the basic layout and form of Chinese palace architecture.
The city has three roads: the outer city is the Zhongdu City, with a city perimeter of 25 kilometers; the second brick city is the Imperial City, with a city perimeter of 7.5 kilometers; the inner city is the Forbidden City, with a city perimeter of 3 kilometers, surrounded by the Meridian Gate. , Xuanwu, Donghua and Xihua gates.
The main building is the main hall - Fengtian Hall, with balconies on the left and right.
Jiaotai Hall, Fengxian Hall, Rouxin Hall, Chunhe Hall, Wenyuan Hall, etc. are scattered among them. In addition, there are also royal palaces such as Ancestral Temple, Taishe, Dadudufu, and Yushitai in the imperial city. The entire building became the blueprint for the Forbidden City in Beijing. After many vicissitudes of life, the palaces and palaces were completely destroyed.
Only the broken Meridian Gate and a section of the Xihua Gate city wall remain.
In 1982, it was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council.
⒍Ming Emperor’s Tomb Ming Emperor’s Tomb is located in Taiping Township, 7 kilometers southwest of Fengyang County, and 5 kilometers southwest of the capital city of Ming Dynasty. The graves of my sister-in-law and two nephews.
The imperial mausoleum is as majestic as a hillock, lined with stone people and animals.
The main buildings include the imperial city, the brick city, and the earth city. There are main hall, golden gate, stele pavilion, Chinese watch, 36 pairs of stone figures and animals, sacred road, palace hall and other buildings.
Currently, only the tomb, Huabiao, and "Imperial Tomb Stele" remain.
Although it is incomplete and broken, it still stands tall.
In particular, the stone sculptures on both sides of the Shinto have different expressions and are lifelike.
The stone carvings of the imperial mausoleums are the most numerous, largest and best-carved stone carving art treasures among the royal tombs of the Ming Dynasty.
"The Imperial Tomb Stele" was written by Zhu Yuanzhang and is an important historical material for studying Zhu Yuanzhang.
The stone carvings of the imperial tombs and the imperial city of the Ming Dynasty are listed as national key cultural relics protection units.
5. Harvests and Suggestions: Through this survey and research, we have a more comprehensive and profound understanding of the long history and profound culture of our hometown.
From the Palace of Yu before the Xia Dynasty to the central capital of the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, from the retreat of Bian He in the Chu State during the Spring and Autumn Period to the White Milk Spring, known as the best spring in the world, they are all very beautiful. Valuable cultural landscape.
Facing the photos we took, the love and pride for our hometown arose spontaneously.
We must use our own practical actions to add glory to the history of our hometown! At the same time, during the investigation, we also discovered some problems: 1. Some departments did not protect the monuments enough.
Although some monuments have been designated as key national cultural relics protection units, they are poorly managed.
For example: The cultural relics unearthed from the Fengyang Mingzhong Capital City site were seriously damaged or even lost.
Some monuments are even unmanaged, in disrepair and dilapidated, and they have no choice but to let the rain and wind blow them away.
For example: Tang He's tomb is "abandoned" alone on the shore of Longzi Lake. The upper tomb chamber is seriously damaged, and the inscriptions in front of the tomb have completely disappeared. Visitors can no longer understand Tang He's experience at all.
2. *** Insufficient publicity, development and utilization of historic sites.
Due to the negligence of relevant departments, the monuments have fallen into disrepair and have been seriously damaged, and the number of tourists has become less and less.
We conducted a small-scale survey in the city. It is surprising that many people do not know that these cultural relics exist.
It can be seen that the publicity, development and utilization of these monuments are far from enough, and the investment in funds is too little.
This will not only directly lead to a decrease in tourists and the decline of tourism, but will even cause some monuments to disappear completely. Our descendants may never see them again.
What a pity! How to explain to future generations in the future! In view of this, we make the following suggestions: *** We should increase publicity efforts to let the society understand the long and profound history and culture of the Bengbu area and improve its visibility; and increase investment in funds and manpower to carry out the historical and cultural monuments in our hometown. Protection and renovation; we should also vigorously develop tourism and fully exploit these cultural heritages to make them shine again and contribute to Bengbu's economic development.
6. Remarks: Due to the tight time limit of this activity, we have only achieved phased results, and more in-depth research is expected to be completed this semester.
Here, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to Professor Liu Jianyao for providing help in our research activities.