How to determine the size of columns and beams

The section height hb of the main beam of the frame structure can be determined by (110 ~118) LB, and lb is the calculated span of the main beam; The ratio of clear distance of beam to section height should not be less than 4. The width of beam section should not be less than 200mm, and the aspect ratio of beam section should not be greater than 4.

1 The side length of rectangular section column should not be less than 250mm and 300mm in non-seismic design; The diameter of cylindrical section should not be less than 350mm；;

2 column shear span ratio should be greater than 2;

3 The height-width ratio of column section should not be greater than 3.

Extended data:

Superstructure has different definitions in different disciplines of civil engineering. For buildings, superstructure generally refers to the part above the top of the foundation, but for isolation structures, superstructure refers to the part above the isolation layer; For bridges, superstructure refers to the main load-bearing structure that crosses such obstacles when the line is blocked by obstacles.

Generally speaking, superstructure is relative to substructure or foundation, and the design of superstructure is an important part of structural design.

For bridges, superstructure is also called span structure and bridge hole structure, including deck pavement, deck system, load-bearing structure and connecting parts. Bridge deck pavement refers to public (railway) roads and sidewalks; Bridge deck system includes longitudinal beam, cross beam or other forms; Load-bearing structure refers to the main beam (or arch and cable); The connecting structure includes longitudinal and transverse structural members. For building construction, superstructure generally includes beams, columns, slabs and other basic components.

The boundary between the foundation structure and the superstructure is usually the embedded part of the superstructure. In order to adopt uniform design and construction standards and conform to the calculation assumptions in calculation and analysis as much as possible, the boundary positions of six types of foundation structures and superstructure are stipulated in the Code for Design and Construction of Reinforced Concrete Structures.

When the buried depth of the foundation is shallow and there is no unidirectional underground frame beam between the first floor of the building and the foundation, the dividing line between the superstructure and the foundation is taken at the top of the foundation.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-superstructure