Li Bai's poems and songs are typical representatives of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Throughout his life, the poet eulogized the ideal life with a naive heart. Whenever and wherever he is, he always embraces the whole world enthusiastically, pursues full achievement, career and enjoyment, has a keen sense of all good things, grasps the reality but is not satisfied with it, throws himself into the torrent of life and transcends hardships, and realizes his value in a high-spirited state. If the ideal color is the main feature of the poetic style in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, then Li Bai walked in the forefront of the times with a more forward-looking ideal singing method.
Li Bai's poems and songs enriched and developed the heroic artistic theme in the poems of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Like other scribes of his time, he had great ambitions. The so-called "Shen's talk, seeking the skill of the emperor, inspiring his wisdom, is willing to help it." Make the atlas bigger and make Haixian clear "(biography of Dai Shoushan answering Meng Shaofu) is his most persistent belief in life.
It may be doubtful whether Li Bai has the practical ability to engage in political activities in a complex power structure, but as a poet, this belief has more become the starting point for him to pursue and praise the magnificent life. He drew strength from the manners and styles of countless ancient heroes and projected realistic ideals into history, thus establishing a gallery of heroes in his poems.
He praised the heroes who rose on the grass and in the world. For example, "Fu Liangyin" wrote Tai Gong Wang: "You don't see your morning songs, and the fishing boat has been Weibin for 80 years; I would rather be ashamed of my white hair, take water as light, and be strong and thoughtful when I meet the times. Wide Zhang 3800 fishing, dark and close in the wind. The Great Sage Tiger became stupid and unpredictable, and it was quite common in those days. "
Praise the righteous who regard fame and fortune as dirt. For example, in the tenth part of Antique, Lv Zhonglian wrote: "Qi people have a charming life, and Lu Lian is wonderful. The bright moon will shine once when it comes out of the bottom of the sea. However, Qin Zhenying sounded the golden bell, and later generations looked back. Meaning light daughter ceremony, Gu Xiang plain smile. I am also a slut, and my clothes can be adjusted in one tone. "
Praise the English Lord who is eager for talents and has high moral character, such as the second part of Difficult Travel: "You don't see the former prince, who worships talents and builds a platform, and gives them gold talents. Bend down and sweep the floor to welcome them? ? The drama Xin is grateful to Dade and serves him wholeheartedly, which is full of intrigue and intrigue. The king's bones have been buried. Who will sweep the floor of the golden platform again? ! "
Praise those famous ministers who are arrogant and unruly and insist on the dignity of cloth, such as Li Shiqi in Fu Liangyin: "Don't you see that Levin drinkers are drafting, and they have long praised Shandong Longzhun; Beginners don't worship eloquence, but two women give up washing and follow suit. Seventy-two miles east, qi entered the city, and commanded Chu Han to rise. This is still the case when a madman is down and out, let alone a strong man! "
Most of his heroes are all-powerful figures in the turbulent and chaotic historical stage, which are inseparable from the lyric heroes. For example, in a poem about repaying friends, he said: "Feng Shui is like seeing capital, so you can cast a pole to help the emperor." ("Reward Fang Zhou Wang Sima, Yan Zhengzi gives snow") "Tell yourself, who can make it? I advise you to close the door. " (Give gifts to Yangshan people after driving to the Hot Spring Palace) After waking up, he expressed his ambition: "Fu Shuo is the official of the squad leader, and Reese is an eagle dog. It is best to stand up and work hard. " ("Drinking in Longmen on Winter Night")
Since the Anshi Rebellion, Li Bai regarded the situation as a struggle between Chu and Han, and took Sean and Han Xin as examples: "Quite like Chu and Han, there is no end to overturning. Toward Bolangsha and enter Huaiyin City at dusk. Sean did not satisfy Han Xin's poverty, and Liu Xiangcun died in two ministers. I'll go to Xiapi for the time being and join the floating mother as a teacher. " After he entered the Yongwanglin shogunate, he compared himself with Xie An: "But Xie Anshi from Dongshan is used to laugh at you and scold the quiet Hu Sha." (The Second Tour Song of Wang Yong Dong) Until he joined the army at the age of 60, he also promised himself with Meng in The Legend of Heroes in the Western Han Dynasty:
"Thank you for your illness, but there is no reason to levy in the southeast. The elegant house does not care about it, and it is Meng Xian's resistance. " ("I heard that Li Taiwei went to the southeast with millions of chi ...")
Born in the prosperous times, Li Bai's tribute to the heroes in troubled times is of course not just a reflection on the past. Because through such characters, poets can express their spirit and enthusiasm, and express their life desire to make contributions in history and actively create self-value. At the same time, it has become a personification portrayal of the ideals of the times.
Li Bai unified the ideal of saving the world with unrestrained personality freedom in order to achieve a complete life. His design of the road to life is divided into two steps: the first step is to build great achievements, such as a cloud: "If there is no help instead of heart, what good is it for a person to be a good person?" ("To Secretary Wei Zichun") "The two dragons strive for each other, and heaven and earth move. The wine dances with the sword, and the Chinese fight in a hurry. " After his success, he did not covet wealth and fame, but took "Five Lakes" and "Cangzhou" as his home and yearned for a free life. During his early years as an official, he did not deny this: "When he was successful, he brushed his clothes and swayed beside Cangzhou." Don't give up this point when you are most proud of your career: "Thank you for your success and throw another fish." ("Hanlin Reading Talk") "When I report to the Lord, then lie with me in the white clouds." Until his later years, he was still determined to win: "Finally, I will go to the five lakes safely." This ideal of life embodies the poet's sense of "shame" and love of freedom: "I can make contributions to Liaocheng with one arrow. In the end, I didn't get a reward, and I didn't have the face to be with people at that time. " ("On the East Tour in May")
"At first glance, Geng Jie died on the grass, not asking for a golden cage." These poems are the self-expression of the poet's mind. Because of his strong sense of freedom, his anger and resistance are particularly strong when he meets the obstacles of ugly forces in real life.
Among the ancient poets in China, Li Bai's personality was very active and liberated.
He has never achieved fame in his life, but he has high expectations. He despised the rich and powerful, unscrupulously mocked the hierarchical order centered on political power, criticized the phenomenon of political corruption, and carried forward the heroism in the prosperous Tang culture with a bold gesture of resistance.
Li Bai's anti-power thought is becoming more and more conscious and mature with the enrichment of his life practice. In the early days, it was mainly manifested in the equal requirements of "self-improvement, not being human" and "making friends with princes", as he said in his poem: "I was drunk in Chang 'an, and five kings and seven people shared a glass of wine. In the face of heroic spirit, the romantic spirit will fall behind others! " ("Liu Yelang gave the judge Xin") "Encourage the nine masters to make waves and be young and ignorant." ("Yu Hu Yin")
Sometimes, he also said that "gold and white jade buy songs and laugh, and get drunk for a long time and despise ministers" ("Remembering the past, sending the county yuan to join the army") and other rhetoric that despised the dignitaries, but it mainly showed his inner arrogance. With the understanding of the actual situation of high-level power groups, he further revealed the opposition between Buyi and dignitaries: "Zhu Yu buys songs and laughs, wasting talents." (The fifteenth time of "Ancient Style") "The sparrow is in the phoenix nest, and the thorn lives in the phoenix." (Article 39 of Antique) "Chickens gather for food and fight, and chickens fly alone without neighbors. Dragonflies laugh at dragons, and good and evil people are mixed; Wear brocade and pay a negative salary. " ("Gao Ming Song Ji Cen Zheng Jun")
And those ugly acts of stealing power because of flattering the emperor are even more ironic, such as the twenty-fourth chapter of Antique:
The cart flies dust, and the pavilion is black in the afternoon. China is more expensive than gold, and Lianyun has a room. He Huihe was dubbed cockfighting. When the rainbow is dried in one breath, pedestrians are afraid. There is no such thing as washing your ears, only Yao and your feet!
In "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream", he made the loudest sound:
Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions? They never want to be seen with a sincere face!
The significance of this artistic generalization in Li Bai's poems is as important as Du Fu's famous sentence "The wine and meat in Zhumen stink, and the bones on the road freeze to death" ("Ode to 500 words from Beijing to Fengxian"). In the deteriorating political situation at the end of Tianbao, Li Bai linked anti-dignitary with extensive social criticism. For example, answering the king's twelve cold nights with loneliness not only bravely fought for the fallen sages, but also expressed disappointment and contempt for the court:
If you don't go to Beihai, Li See, where is the heroic spirit? If you don't look at Pei Shangshu, there are three feet of wormwood thorns in the earth grave. Teenagers have long wanted to go to the Five Lakes. Seeing this, I will spare Zhong Ding.
Li Bai even sharply reprimanded Xuanzong himself in the way of satirizing modern people in his poems, such as "Feeling the Book, My Friend", "Ancient Style" and "Ascending to the Far Sea".
In a word, it can be said that he developed the anti-power theme in Tang poetry to the point of dripping and hearty. Ren Hua said that Li Bai "lived for decades and never lost his color for a day" ("Miscellaneous Words Send Li Bai"). This consciousness of never giving in to powerful people and bravely fighting for self-dignity is an important content of attaching importance to personal value since Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it is also a tradition of attaching importance to strength and character. It is under the new historical conditions that Li Bai inherited and carried forward this excellent tradition and became a star in poetry.
Li Bai's poems and songs are full of passion for life. His poems are often full of childlike interest in the wild, such as: "Two people love each other, one cup after another." Drunk enough to sleep, I plan to hold the Ming dynasty piano. "("lovers in the mountains ")" Long sleeves, light desire, drunken dancing in Hanzhong. Put a robe on me, I am drunk and sleep on my stomach. " ("reminiscing about the past, going to the county to join the army") "The sunset wants to chase flowers. Xiangyang children clapped their hands together and stopped the street to sing "White brass cymbals". I'm sorry to ask you what you're laughing at, but I'm so drunk. " ("Xiangyang Song")
Life is like strong liquor, which intoxicates poets. Of course, this does not mean that there is no sorrow and pain in life, but the poet's optimism is enough to make him surpass it? %C