(1) The terrain is high and dry, with the leeward facing the sun and good drainage. The terrain is a slope from north to south or northwest to southeast. Don't build sheep farms in waterlogged areas, damp vents and other places.
(2) Good water conditions, sufficient water quantity, good water quality and no pollution. Don't let sheep drink stagnant water in ponds or depressions.
(three) conducive to epidemic prevention, a certain distance from the main traffic arteries and markets. It is best to choose a place with natural barriers to build fences.
2, sheep farm site selection requirements
① The site is high in terrain, inclined to the south, with good drainage, dry soil and leeward and sunny.
(2) there should be excellent pasture near the site, and there are rich and pollution-free water sources. Moreover, there are power supply facilities to facilitate the processing of forage and feed.
(3) Farm construction needs a large area of land, with bright prospects, and feed production bases can also be considered in areas where conditions permit.
(4) Before the station is built, investigate whether there are infectious diseases and parasites around, and try to choose a place where there is no epidemic around as the site of the station.
⑤ The site should be far away from residential areas, downtown areas, schools and traffic trunk lines. , in order to facilitate epidemic prevention and isolation, to avoid infectious diseases. It is best to have natural barriers, such as mountains and rivers, which make it difficult for outsiders and livestock to pass through.
⑥ The site selection should consider convenient transportation, but the distance from the main road should not be less than 500m. At the same time, we should try to avoid the transfer channels of nearby farms in order to isolate and block the epidemic.
3. The basic facilities of sheep farm
According to the scale and production nature of the sheep farm, the infrastructure of the sheep farm includes: sheep shed, sports ground, pasture, feed processing room, ammoniation (silage) pool, veterinary laboratory diagnosis room, epidemic prevention and disinfection pool, harmless treatment facilities for animals and feces, fence facilities, feed warehouse, office space and so on.
Second, the sheephouse building requirements
1, the basic requirements of sheephouse design
① Try to meet the requirements of sheep for various environmental sanitation conditions, including temperature, humidity, air quality, illumination, ground hardness, thermal conductivity, etc. The design of sheephouse should give consideration to heatstroke prevention in summer and cold prevention in winter; It not only helps to keep the ground dry, but also helps to keep the ground soft and warm.
(2) Conforming to the requirements of production technology is conducive to reducing management intensity and improving management efficiency, which can ensure the smooth progress of production and the smooth implementation of animal husbandry and veterinary technical measures. The contents that should be considered in the design include the organization, adjustment and turnover of sheep, the transportation, distribution and feeding of forage, the supply of drinking water and the maintenance of hygiene, the cleaning of feces, the weighing, epidemic prevention, testing, breeding, lamb reception and nursing of ewes and newborn lambs.
(3) meeting the needs of health and epidemic prevention is helpful to prevent the introduction of diseases and reduce the occurrence and spread of diseases. Through the scientific design and construction of sheephouses, a suitable living environment is created for sheep, which in itself provides a certain guarantee for preventing and reducing the occurrence of diseases. At the same time, in the design and construction of sheep houses, veterinary epidemic prevention measures should also be considered, such as the setting of disinfection facilities and the storage facilities of harmful substances (wool removal, plastic debris).
(4) firm and low cost. It is best to put all the facilities in the sheephouse and its interior in one step, especially the pens, partitions, gates and feeding troughs, which must be maintained firmly to reduce the trouble of future maintenance. Not only that, but also in the process of building a sheep shed, we should try our best to use local materials.
2. The building requirements of the sheephouse
(1) The construction site should meet the requirements of the site, the sheep shed should be built in the downwind of the office and dormitory, and the veterinary room and manure storage yard should be in the downwind of the sheep shed. There should be enough sports ground in the south of the sheepfold.
(2) The building area should be sufficient to allow the sheep to move freely. Crowded, damp and unventilated sheephouses hinder the healthy growth of sheep and are inconvenient to manage. Especially in the rainy season in southern China, special attention should be paid to the minimum floor area of each sheep during construction: ram 1.5-2m2, adult ewe 0.8- 1.6m2, breeding sheep 0.6-0.8m2, and pregnant or lactating sheep 2.3-2.5m2.
(3) The selection of building materials is based on the principle of economy and durability, and local materials can be used, such as stones, bricks, adobe, wood, etc.
④ The height of the sheepfold depends on the type of sheepfold and the number of sheep accommodated. Most sheep need a high shed height to make the air in the shed fresh, but it should not be too high. Generally, about 2.5m from the ground to the roof is appropriate, and it can be higher in wet areas.
⑤ The doors and windows are designed reasonably, which is convenient for sheep to enter and leave the shed. If the door is too narrow, pregnant sheep may miscarry due to external force, so the door should be appropriately wide, generally 3m wide and 2m high. Special attention: the door should open outwards. If there are few sheep and the size is relatively small, it is more appropriate to build a door of 1.5-2m, and a set of doors can be built outside the door in cold areas.
⑥ The sheepfold should have enough light and be kept clean. The window area should be 1 15 of the ground area, and the window should be facing the sun, and the height from the ground should be above 1.5m to prevent the thief wind from directly attacking the sheep.
⑦ The ground of sheep shed should be 20-30cm higher than the ground outside the shed, and paved with a gentle slope to facilitate drainage. The ground of sheep house is paved with earth, brick or stone, and the ground of feed room can be paved with cement or wood board.
⑧ In humid areas, a building-style sheep shed should be built, and the balcony should be made of wood or bamboo, but it must be strong. The spacing between wood strips and bamboo strips is 1- 1.5cm, which can leak sheep manure. The balcony is off the ground 1.5- 1.8m, so as to clear the manure.
Pet-name ruby keep proper temperature and ventilation, generally keep the temperature above 0℃ in winter, the temperature of sheephouse is not lower than 8℃, and the temperature of delivery room is 10- 18℃.
3. Main supporting facilities
① Hay house: used to store hay as overwintering feed, and its space size can be calculated according to 200kg of green hay per sheep.
(2) Silage and ammoniation equipment: Silage pits and ammoniation tanks are established according to the feeding scale. Don't leak or run out of gasoline.
(3) medicated bath: that is, a pool for bathing with drugs. It is used to control pests and promote the normal growth and development of mutton sheep.
④ Feed trough and feed rack: the feed trough is used to supplement concentrate and feed granular feed, and the feed rack is used to dry turquoise feed.