Power battery attenuation generally depends on the gap between the current battery capacity and the vehicle factory calibration capacity. It should be pointed out that the mobile phone APP detection is not accurate, and it is the correct way to pick up the OBD of the vehicle to detect the single battery inside the battery pack. Generally speaking, the battery testing of new energy vehicles during the warranty period is free.
However, at present, there is no battery testing institution open to the public in the market, and testing batteries only depends on manufacturers. The standards of each manufacturer are different and the information is not equal, which leads to the emergence of fuzzy areas. This kind of chaos needs to be rectified urgently. ? If your battery is unreasonably decayed, consider a wave of rights protection.
Although the service life of lithium iron phosphate battery is longer than that of ternary lithium battery, ternary lithium battery has become the mainstream of new energy vehicle selection in the market because of its higher energy density, higher temperature resistance and longer battery life under the same volume.
Generally speaking, the cycle life of ternary lithium batteries is about 1500 times, and the number of cycles for one charge is 0%- 100%. Assuming that the first charge is 20%, the remaining 80% of the second charge is considered as the completion of a cyclic charging process.
At present, most manufacturers provide power battery warranty for pure electric vehicles for about 8 years or 1.5 thousand kilometers, and some even provide battery warranty schemes with unlimited mileage and time, which greatly reduces everyone's concern about the high replacement cost after battery scrapping.
According to the current battery technology, the power battery of electric vehicle can be used for 8- 10 years. However, according to the current situation that new energy owners usually change their cars within 2-3 years, it is actually very difficult to drive the battery to scrap.
Of course, different automobile environments and charging habits will also lead to changes in the life of automobile batteries. For example, charging the battery when the battery power is exhausted or less than 20% is much shorter than charging the battery when the battery remains 50%, so good car habits have a direct impact on the battery life.
Taking the battery capacity of 85kWh as an example, the cruising range of general NEDC can reach 550km+. However, in order to ensure the normal operation of electronic equipment when the battery is low, and to avoid over-charging and discharging to further guarantee the service life of the battery, the hidden power ratio of general electric vehicles will be around 65,438+00-20% (some are lower or higher), that is, the actual available capacity will not be higher than 75kWh, and most of them will only be around 60kWh.
At this time, the overall cruising range is actually difficult to reach the calibrated NEDC cruising parameters, but the impact of daily vehicles, including air conditioners, on cruising range can be discounted by 30% or 20%. Take 550km as an example, if you can actually drive 450km, it is still within the acceptable range.
If the service life of the battery is obviously shortened compared with the same available power in the past under non-winter conditions and the vehicle has been used for a short time, then it is time to pay attention to whether the battery is overdischarged or used abnormally.
In fact, the simple understanding of battery charging is that electrons move back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes through a series of redox reactions inside the battery. In order to realize fast charging, the charging time is often shortened by increasing the current.
However, when the battery itself has certain restrictions on the fast charging ability and the battery capacity is large, the charging speed of the battery will naturally not be very fast. Moreover, when the current is too large, it is easy to cause internal short circuit or spontaneous combustion due to overheating of the battery itself.
However, in the normal charging process, if the original AC charging only takes 8 hours to fill the battery capacity of 85kWh, but now it takes 9 hours or 10 hours or even longer, then in this case, if there is no problem with charging facilities, voltage, interface, etc., it is necessary to question whether the battery is aging.
Once the battery is aged, it will not only make the charging time longer, but also reduce the storage capacity of the battery, leading to a series of problems such as increased power consumption and shortened battery life during normal driving.
Whether it is a mobile phone battery or an automobile power battery, for the sake of battery safety, the battery charge will fluctuate during the charging process. For example, 30% to 80% of the process current can be relatively large, even reaching the set peak level, but in the last 20% of the charging process, it begins to enter the trickle charging state.
If the current is too large, lithium ions will easily gather near the negative electrode of the battery to form dendrites, and too many dendrites will easily puncture the separator between the positive and negative electrodes, resulting in short circuit of the battery. Therefore, when the battery is nearly full, the current will be significantly reduced, even only a few tenths of an ampere fluctuates back and forth. Finally, even if the battery shows 100% full, it will take some time to continue trickle charging to fully charge the battery.
When the battery is often less than 100%, it is necessary to consider whether the battery is aging, but in most cases, SOC is not the actual SOC of synchronous battery, but some automobile manufacturers will set it to 99%, which means that the battery is fully charged.
If a newly charged vehicle is on the road, it is found that the battery life is unexpectedly fast, which is most likely related to battery aging, except that the braking system is normal, the tire pressure is appropriate, and the insulation of the battery harness is not damaged.
Of course, for any abnormal charging and discharging during the use of electric vehicles, you can actually contact the manufacturer to inspect the vehicles in time, especially when it comes to the aging of batteries. The high replacement cost is a nightmare.
It is worth noting that the replacement cost of the battery can reach one-third to two-thirds of the price of the whole vehicle, so consumers can reasonably safeguard their own interests in all abnormal use phenomena during the battery warranty period.
Of course, different manufacturers actually handle the battery warranty in different ways, especially considering the cost, and there are even many practices of playing Tai Chi to drive up the battery price. This situation will appear more in non-direct or authorized 4S stores, because consumers need to keep their eyes open and avoid becoming lambs to be slaughtered.
Most of the early new energy vehicles used lithium iron phosphate batteries. Because of the low cost, many miniature electric vehicles basically do not have ternary lithium batteries with higher procurement costs.
In order to make the double-point policy meet the standard, many micro-electric vehicles are even the products of the car enterprise policy, and even technologies such as thermal management system are not blessed on the car, which has great uncontrollable factors in battery life and battery life.
There is a serious virtual standard in the new car life or the power is less than 50% in the normal car environment. Even in the case of low temperature in winter, the real cruising range of an electric car with a NEDC battery life of 250km may be only 5-30km, which undoubtedly seriously affects the normal travel of users.
In this regard, some manufacturers refuse to admit some user complaints. One does not admit to continuing aviation, the other does not admit that the battery is aging, and the third does not admit that the battery may be in an abnormal state.
Therefore, for a small or micro electric vehicle that may sell for10.5 million before the subsidy and 70,000 after the subsidy (the previous subsidy is strong), the cost of replacing a battery is equivalent to buying a new car, so in order to protect their own interests as much as possible, individual manufacturers are naturally reluctant to replace batteries for consumers free.
Take Tesla as an example. What model? S and Model? X's battery warranty period is 8 years or 200,000 kilometers. What is the model? The warranty period of the battery is 8 years or 654.38+06 thousand kilometers, and its promise is that the minimum battery capacity can reach 70% during the warranty period.
If there is a problem with the battery during the warranty period, Tesla has the right to decide to repair or replace it. However, it is not possible to restore the vehicle to a healthy battery state in a new car state, but it can ensure that the available battery capacity of the vehicle after maintenance is the same as that before failure.
However, for many users, there are still some misunderstandings about the short battery life and the need to replace the battery during the service life of electric vehicles, which leads to the inherent impression that the battery of electric vehicles is durable.
In fact, the real situation is not as exaggerated as imagined. Based on the survey of most Tesla owners? After S travels more than 80,000 kilometers, its battery remaining usable capacity can be higher than 90%. Even after some car owners have driven for 300,000 kilometers, the battery attenuation is still less than 20%, and its durability is far beyond most people's imagination.
In order to let more consumers experience and use electric vehicles, reduce users' doubts about battery life, and promote the development of electric vehicle industry and the growth of market share, in addition to providing the conventional warranty scheme of 8 years or 654.38+0.5 million kilometers, some domestic new energy automobile companies have provided the solution of "battery lifetime warranty", aiming at further dispelling consumers' distrust of short battery life.
Seeking a breakthrough in battery technical barriers is actually the direction of battery R&D and manufacturing experts for so many years. With the improvement and iteration of technology, today's automotive power batteries have made great progress in reliability and long battery life.
Therefore, car companies are more confident to provide more protection for the use of batteries, so as to change the established impression of consumers, such as the failure or aging of batteries during the warranty period, and will provide free battery replacement plans to reduce consumers' concerns about using electric vehicles.
Electrification is the trend in the future, whether it is electric vehicle or battery warranty, but consumers should actually safeguard their own interests when they participate in this upsurge.
Once the vehicle has non-human problems and even the battery is seriously aging, you can boldly defend your rights. After all, in the face of "new technology", everyone may become an "experimental object", but everyone may also be a "beneficiary".
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.