Diaojiaolou has rich cultural connotation, besides the deification phenomenon that Tujia folk houses pay attention to Long Mai and build a place of man and god according to the situation, it also has a very prominent space world view. Tujia diaojiao building is not only unilaterally put into the embrace of the universe and nature, but also into the embrace of the universe and nature. This concept of space accommodating the universe is very obvious in Tujia Shangliang's ritual music songs: "In the previous step, look at Baoliang, with a round of Tai Chi in the center, and a line of unity is auspicious. The last two steps are beaming, and the word' Gankun' is on both sides, and the sun and the moon are paired and enjoy forever ... "Here," Gankun "and" Sun and Moon "represent the universe. In a sense, Tujia diaojiao building has become more close and intimate with the universe subjectively, thus making the house, people and the universe integrated and inseparable.
Most Miao and Tujia people live in mountainous areas with steep slopes. When building a house, everyone likes to build an antique diaojiao building. This diaojiao building has cornices, three cloisters and wooden railings hanging out. The balustrade is engraved with patterns such as swastika, hi-word, sub-word and square, which symbolize good luck. ?
The hanging column is octagonal and square, and it is often carved with broken bottom hydrangea and golden claw. A diaojiao building generally has two floors. There are floors upstairs and downstairs, and there are windows upstairs, so it is sunny and well ventilated. There are flowers and plants carved on the window lattice, such as double phoenix rising sun, magpie singing plum, lion bowling ball, peony, camellia and chrysanthemum, which are simple and elegant, beautiful and practical, and have the characteristics of national residence. Outsiders who have been to Miao rural areas all say that "Miao rural beauty" and "native rural beauty" lies in the diaojiao building. ? However, the diaojiao building beside the Tuojiang River has another form and interest.
[Edit this paragraph] The form of diaojiao building
(1) single hanging type, which is the most common form, some people call it "one hanging" and "key head". It is characterized in that only the wing on one side of the main room is hung, and the lower part is supported by wooden columns.
(2) The double hanging type, also known as "double hanging" and "dustpan mouth", is the development of single hanging type, that is, there are hanging wings at both ends of the main house. Single cranes and double cranes are not formed in different regions, mainly depending on economic conditions and family needs. Single crane and double crane are often in the same place.
(3) Four in one water type. This kind of diaojiao building is developed on the basis of double hanging type. It is characterized in that the upper parts of the diaojiao building of the wing rooms at both ends of the main house are connected into a whole to form a quadrangle. The downstairs of the two wing rooms is the gate. After entering the gate, this quadrangle must climb several stone steps to enter the main house.
(4) Two-room crane is developed on the basis of single crane and double crane, that is, a layer is added to the general diaojiao building. Single crane and double crane can be used. Flat-lift, this form of hanging foot building is also developed on the basis of single crane, both single crane and double crane. Its main feature is that it is built in a flat dam. According to the terrain, it doesn't need to raise the angle, but the wing is supported by wooden pillars. The ground supporting the wooden column is flush with the ground of the main house, so that the wing is higher than the main house.