1. Hunhe, Liaoning Province
Hunhe River is a famous river running through the eastern and central parts of Liaoning Province, with a total length of 368 kilometers. In ancient times, it was called Shenshui, also known as Xiaoliao River. Originated in the east of Fushun, it flows from east to west through Qingyuan, Xinbin, Fushun, Shenyang, Liaozhong, Lighthouse, Liaoyang County, Taian, Haicheng, Dawa, Dashiqiao and Yingkou, and finally flows into Liaodong Bay in Xixibao, Yingkou City. Gunmaling, Wandianzi Town, Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County, Fushun City, is the birthplace of Hunhe River, the mother river of Shenyang and Fuzhou. The source of the famous Hunhe River is located under Gunmaling, and the scenery here is more fresh and pleasant. According to legend, General Xue Dong of the Tang Dynasty passed by here during the expedition, and accidentally ran over a horse because of his lust for the scenery in front of him, hence the name "Rolling Horse Ridge". Along the way, there is always water in the forest, but near the source, everything is silent. I saw a clear spring slowly flowing out from the source stone. At this time, tourists often have questions: Why has this trickle raised thousands of children? Looking around the mountains, the answer comes from itself. The beautiful blue sea is the inexhaustible source of this water. Under the source, the accumulated water became a pond. Rana chensinensis often gathers and swims in the brocade scales, which is a beautiful natural picture. This is Hunhe River.
Treating both the symptoms and the root causes has achieved results
A few years ago, dozens of sewage outlets along the Hunhe River in Shenyang continued to discharge pollutants. As can be seen in the environmental monitoring bulletin, the indexes of ammonia nitrogen and COD are very high. "In addition to natural factors such as poor natural pollution purification ability of rivers in the northern plain, the discharge of industrial pollutants along the river is an important cause of pollution." A person in charge of Liaoning Environmental Protection Bureau said, "There are many heavily polluting industries in Shenyang, such as papermaking, wine making, pharmacy, printing and dyeing, chemical industry, etc., and the pressure of river pollution control is very great."
Pollution, control, re-pollution, re-control ... The pollution control of many rivers has been repeated for many years, and there is no result. A very important reason is to treat the symptoms rather than the root cause. Wu Shijie, director of Liaoning Environmental Protection Publicity and Education Center, said: "From the very beginning, Shenyang has taken the palliative and radical treatment as the starting point for harnessing the Hunhe River, with great efforts and good results!"
All the 37 sewage outlets of Hunhe River in Shenyang were cut off in 200 1 year. "We will not simply remove polluting enterprises from urban areas or along the Hunhe River. Although this can make the river clear in a short time, it will not play a fundamental role in the management work. They won't be discharged here, but they will be transferred to other places. Isn't it the same? " Meng Hong, deputy director of Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau, said.
Sewage disposal enterprises can't approve new projects, which is an important measure to control pollution in Hunhe River in Shenyang. Meng Hong said that Shenyang strictly restricts the examination and approval of new pollutant discharge projects, and resolutely refuses to approve new projects for enterprises that fail to meet the emission standards.
At the same time, Shenyang began to build a large sewage treatment plant.
200 1 According to the urban sewage treatment and utilization plan, Shenyang has built the Mantanghe ecological sewage treatment plant in the eastern region.
This project is the first demonstration project of ecological sewage treatment by using constructed wetland technology in Shenyang, which improves the coastal ecological environment.
Up to now, there are two sewage treatment plants 12 in Shenyang. This year, Shenyang will also start to build 500,000 tons of sewage treatment plants in the south, build and operate sewage treatment plants in the west, Hunnan and Huishan, and promote the construction of sewage treatment plants in suburban counties such as Liaozhong, Xinmin and Xinchengzi, with a daily treatment capacity of over 6.5438+0.2 million tons, making the sewage treatment rate in Shenyang reach over 70%.
Clever combination of production regulation and pollution control
Hunhe River flows through the central Liaoning urban agglomeration, where traditional heavy industry is relatively developed and densely populated, and Hunhe River has basically become the main channel for sewage discharge in coastal cities. The same river flows through two or more cities within dozens of kilometers, and the pollutants discharged by the upstream cities have not been completely diluted and purified, that is, they enter the river sections of the downstream cities and accept the wastewater discharged by the downstream cities, resulting in the superposition of environmental pollution. Jiang Zhixue, a professor at Liaoning University, pointed out that "the superposition effect of pollution from multiple cities on the Hunhe River will inevitably increase the difficulty of governance."
It is understood that for a long time, among the industrial enterprises in Shenyang, the industrial wastewater discharged by six industries, including mining, paper and paper products, chemical industry and black smelting, accounted for 60% of the total emissions, and the chemical oxygen demand and petroleum pollutants discharged accounted for 47% and 46% of their total emissions respectively. These six industries are the main industries that cause water pollution in Shenyang.
For some old industrial cities, industry is not only the foundation of the city, but also an important source of pollution; It seems to be a difficult problem to change the present situation of urban pollution and promote the development of industrial economy. Shenyang does not unilaterally oppose pollution control and economic development, but organically combines them. While controlling pollution, the industrial structure has been upgraded, and the pollution to rivers has been fundamentally reduced by adjusting the industrial structure.
While controlling pollution, Shenyang "cut the knife" on the original industrial structure and realized industrial upgrading. On the one hand, according to the principle of advance and retreat, we will integrate related industries on a large scale, focusing on the development of advantageous industries such as automobiles, equipment manufacturing and electronic information. According to statistics, in the past five years, 600 enterprises with serious pollution and low efficiency have been shut down and transferred in the city, and 120 enterprises have realized cleaner production. On the other hand, Shenyang has determined the development orientation of transforming from a heavy chemical industrial city to an ecological city, and has re-planned and adjusted the urban spatial layout. At present, the industrial layout of Shenyang has formed a spatial development strategy in four directions outside the main city.
Regional coordination * * * governance
Meng Hong said: "Pollution control is not a task that Shenyang or any city can undertake alone. Cities along the Hunhe River need to join hands and work together. "
"The results of local governance are easily affected by the quality of water inflow in other regions.
The pollution control of Hunhe River requires the whole basin to take effective actions and coordinate the upstream and downstream, and the effect will be good. "Wu Shijie also have the same view.
For example, Fushun is located in the upper reaches of the Hunhe River Basin. In recent years, with the rapid economic growth, sewage discharge is also rising. Single Fushun Special Steel Company discharges more than 20,000 tons of industrial wastewater every day, which makes the water pollution in parts of Fushun section and Shenyang section of Hunhe River seriously exceed the standard. Yingkou, located at the mouth of the Hunhe River, has been shouting "no water to eat" for many years because the water in the Yingkou section of the Hunhe River has basically lost its use function.
"Being by the Liaohe River, * * * drinks the water from the Liaohe River". At the joint meeting of secretaries and mayors of central Liaoning urban agglomeration held in Shenyang in 2005, seven cities, including Anshan and Fushun, led by Shenyang, signed the Framework Agreement on Integrated Cooperation for Comprehensive Improvement of Water Environment in Central Liaoning Urban Agglomeration (Shenyang Economic Zone) to jointly strengthen comprehensive improvement of water environment. Seven cities in central Liaoning are located on the banks of four major rivers, namely Liaohe River, Hunhe River, Taizi River and Daliao River, and belong to the Liaohe River Basin.
"Seven cities in central Liaoning will establish a system of' Joint Meeting on Environmental Protection of Central Liaoning Urban Agglomeration' and designate special liaison officers to coordinate. At the same time, it is necessary to study specific punishment and assessment mechanisms, so that multi-city cooperation in river pollution control can truly see practical results and avoid becoming a mere formality. " A person in charge of Liaoning Environmental Protection Bureau told the reporter.
It is understood that seven cities will also set up an environmental monitoring consortium to carry out joint monitoring of river basin environmental quality. With the joint efforts of everyone, the day when the Hunhe River is completely clear is not far away!
Speaking of Shenyang Wulihe (this is a place name), everyone who likes football knows Wulihe Stadium. That's where China rushed into the World Cup, that is, the 2002 World Cup, from which China went to the world. First appeared on the stage of the World Cup. This year's FIFA2002 computer game was completed, and it was also the first time that we saw China's national flag flying at the FIFA World Cup. Unfortunately, I'm not a fan. I didn't watch the game, but I know many people stayed up all night excited that night.
From north to south, Wulihe Park is located in the south of the stadium. If everyone in Shenyang knows about Marriott Hotel, it's not far from Marriott Park. I know that when there is a river in Hunnan, it is the day I left the vocational school. Because the home is in the east and the river is in the south. That day, I took a simple map, changed trains for N times, and walked about 7,800 meters before I saw a bridge across the river-cheung tsing bridge. I can already feel the strong wind and fresh air in the distance. When Hunhe jumped into my field of vision, people were already standing on the cheung tsing bridge.
A large area of green space and broad horizons make people feel happy both mentally and spiritually. The tall buildings on the west side of Shencheng stand in the distance, and the green space nearby is lush. And the river, looking at her from east to west, trickled through the city under her feet, full of vitality, and all the troubles in my heart disappeared. When I first saw this river, I fell in love with her. Later, I often went alone, because the overall planning of the park had not been completed at that time, so there were still many places under construction from cheung tsing bridge to Hunhe Bridge. I often go there even when the conditions are still poor. I regard it as my Little Paradise, because it is a public place, so as long as I want, the whole park is mine. So "people sometimes look at the world from another angle, and you will find that the world is not stingy with you."
Except for some idle citizens fishing, there are basically no people looking for feelings from me. Therefore, not everyone has the opportunity to see the scenery before the completion of Wulihe Park. I was lucky enough to see her-Hunhe for the first time before the tourists swarmed.
Hunhe River bank-one person/Luer
Liu Cui bent down to cover the hot sun,
The berms on both sides of the river rippled in the blue waves.
A bird flies over the water,
Leaving only lovers to laugh in the distance.
The bank of Hunhe River-still lonely
One looks around, the other sings,
Wave after wave.
Although it is a new green place in the city,
But there are countless beautiful scenery.
Hunhe bank-alone.
The new bridge is under construction, the old one is new,
Feng shui, birds and insects are mixed.
Wandering alone, unaccompanied,
Once the spring scenery washed my soul.
2. Hunhe River in Shanxi
A tributary of the Sanggan River. Located in the north of Shanxi Province, China. Originated at the northern end of Hengshan Mountain in Hunyuan. It flows southwest first, then enters the valley plain and turns northeast, and enters the Sanggan River near xinqiao town in Huairen County. The upper reaches flow through the loess area, hence the name of high sediment concentration. The lower reaches of the riverbed are small in slope, stable in water flow, curved in river course and flat on both banks, so it is an important agricultural area. There is Hengshan reservoir in the upper reaches.