Harbin has a long history. This is a city that has never had a wall. It is the birthplace of "one country, two dynasties", that is, the birthplace of Jin, Qing and Bohai countries. As early as 22,000 years ago in the late Paleolithic period, there were human activities here. About 5000 years ago, Harbin entered the Neolithic Age. About 3000 years ago, in the late Shang Dynasty, Harbin entered the Bronze Age, belonging to the earliest ancient civilized country in Heilongjiang Province, where there was a Bai Jinbao culture. 1 1 15 years, the Jin dynasty made its capital in Shanghai (Acheng, Harbin).
At the end of 19, there were dozens of villages with about 30,000 residents in Harbin, which laid the foundation for the formation and development of the city.
From 1996 to 1903, with the construction of the Middle East Railway, industry, commerce and population began to gather in Harbin. When the Middle East Railway was completed, Harbin had already formed the embryonic form of a modern city.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Harbin became an international commercial port. More than 1.6 million expatriates from 33 countries gathered here, and 1.9 countries set up consulates here, becoming the economic center and international city of Beiman at that time.
Harbin fell under Japanese puppet rule in 1932 and was liberated from Japanese puppet rule in 1945, with a population of more than 700,000.
1946 On April 28th, Harbin formally established the people's political power and became the earliest big city in China.
Harbin is a city where China's Marxist thoughts spread earlier and the workers' and students' movements were more active. 1923, Harbin established the first party organization in Northeast China.
1927, the first party congress in Northeast China was held in Harbin, and the Manchuria Provisional Provincial Party Committee was established. Harbin became the command center for the Party to lead the people in Northeast China in the revolutionary struggle and later the anti-Japanese struggle.
From 65438 to 0932, Harbin was ruled by the Japanese puppet government. The people of Harbin have waged arduous struggles, and Zhao Shangzhi, Yang Jingyu, Li, Zhao Yiman and other famous national heroes and revolutionary martyrs have emerged.
1945, Harbin was liberated from Japanese puppet rule with a population of more than 700,000. 1946 On April 28th, Harbin formally established the people's political power and became the earliest big city in China.
After the founding of New China, Harbin developed its national economy. During the "First Five-Year Plan" period, Harbin was one of the national key construction cities. Of the 156 key construction projects aided by the former Soviet Union, 13 are located in Harbin, which has become an important industrial base of the country and rapidly transformed from a consumer city into a new industrial city.
From 1958 to 1965, Harbin experienced a tortuous development process of "Great Leap Forward" and economic adjustment. During the "Cultural Revolution", Harbin's national economy suffered serious setbacks and social order was seriously destroyed.
cultural relics and historic sites
Site of Huining House in Jinshangjing: Located 2 kilometers south of Acheng, commonly known as Baicheng, it was the early capital of Jin Dynasty built by Manchu ancestors. The site consists of Cheng Nan, North City and Imperial City. The Imperial City is located in the west of Cheng Nan, with an area of 322,500 square meters. There is a 50-fold temple foundation site in the imperial city, and the ground is still littered with broken bricks and tiles of the Jin Dynasty.
Aguda Mausoleum: Located 2km south of Acheng, covering an area of 5. 1 hectare, it is Jin Taizu Mausoleum. There are leading spaces represented by Jade Belt Bridge, Square and Gatehouse, Shinto spaces represented by Quetai, Wang Zhu, Stone Statue Students and Meritorious Monuments, Baoding spaces represented by Lingtai and Daitai, and tomb spaces represented by Ningshen Temple and Underground Palace. It has the dignity of an emperor and is called the "First Mausoleum of Longjiang".
Jinshangjing History Museum: located 2 kilometers south of Acheng, 1997 was completed and put into use. The land for architectural design is 40,000 square meters, and the building area is 5,400 square meters. There are 9 exhibition halls on the ground and underground, with more than 2,000 cultural relics, including 12 kinds of cultural relics and 22 national first-class cultural relics. Among them, the Pisces bronze mirror and the "Beijing Thousand Households" bronze medallion are collected by the China History Museum, and the first-class cultural relic bronze sitting dragon is collected by the Provincial Museum.