? Xin in the Western Han Dynasty first recognized it as a geography book. He said in Shan Hai Jing Biao: "The inner mountain is divided into five sides, and the outer sea is divided into eight sides. Precious treasures on earth, water, land, plants, animals and insects are rare, auspicious places are hidden, and countries beyond the four seas are unique people. In bidding farewell to Kyushu, paying tribute to the soil, benefiting from good and evil, and writing Shanhaijing are all sages' legacy, and those who write ancient prose are also famous. " Wang's Chongwen Catalogue and You Mao's Bibliography of Early Tang Dynasty classified Shan Hai Jing as a geographical category, apparently treating it as a geographical book.
? Tan Qixiang: "The Five Zang Mountain Classics is the most elegant among the ministries of Shan Hai Classics. Although there are inevitably some rumors and myths, it is basically a geography book that reflects the true knowledge at that time. However, because most of the mountains and rivers contained in the book have not been recorded since the Han and Jin Dynasties, it is difficult to refer to their geographical location. Therefore, how big the geographical scope of Mountain Classic is and where it has reached in four directions is a problem that scholars at home and abroad have not been able to solve for a long time. "
? Since it is a "geography book reflecting the real knowledge at that time", why "most of the mountains and rivers contained in the book have not been recorded since the Han and Jin Dynasties, so it is difficult to refer to their geographical location"?
The Book of Changes in Han Dynasty ranks it among mathematicians, and ranks with books such as Terrain of Palace House, Xiangman, Box Slips and Livestock in Xiang Liu. Obviously, it is regarded as a "book of forms and methods". "History of Han, Art and Literature" said: "The hair stylist made great efforts to build a castle in Kyushu, and shed its shape, the degree of human bones and six animals, the description of utensils, and its sound, prestige, good or bad luck." After all, metaphysical calligraphers regard Shan Hai Jing as a book about Feng Shui.
? In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin thought Shan Hai Jing was the "ancestor of ancient and modern strange words" in Shaoshi Mountain Collection.
Summary of the catalogue of Sikuquanshu: "The landscapes described in the book are mostly attended by supernatural beings. ..... Verify that the name is actually the oldest novel. " Shan Hai Jing is classified as a novel and placed in the category of novelists.
? Lu Xun said in A Brief History of Chinese Novels: "The Classic of Mountains and Seas has been circulated in 18 volumes, recording the foreign bodies and appropriate sacrifices of Chinese and foreign gods, thinking that Yu and Yi writers did not exist and were not created by Chu Ci; Most of the things contained in the gods are for use (polished rice), which is combined with witchcraft and covers ancient witch books, but Qin and Han people also have income. "
? Yuan Ke said in the Preface to the Collation of Shan Hai Jing: "Shan Hai Jing is not only the strength of history and place, but also the source of myth".
? At present, many scholars think it is a grand view of the ancient world, which records the precious historical materials of the ancient totem society in China.
? When you see my interpretation of Shan Hai Jing, you will find that it is the most meaningless and hopeless stupid thing to study what kind of book Shan Hai Jing is. You will understand why Liu Xiu of the Western Han Dynasty regarded it as a "geography book" and a "Han book". Yi Wenzhi put it into the method of mathematical sketch (they are all reasonable and can be said to be right); You can also understand why the mountains and rivers described in Shan Hai Jing are "difficult to locate accurately", and you will know how ridiculous it is to regard ghosts as myths.
? Ancient times were books with pictures and words. There is no doubt that Shan Hai Jing is a picture-telling work. In Qing Dynasty, Bi Yuan and Hao Yixing elaborated on the introduction of Shan Hai Jing Tu in detail.
? Bi Yuan said in Shan Hai Jing Ancient and Modern Textual Research:
? Yuan said: The Classic of Mountains and Seas includes ancient paintings, Han paintings and monk's pictures. Thirteen overseas articles? The map mentioned in Neijing should be considered as Yu Ding; The map mentioned in Wild Classic has been published in the next five articles. When it was a map handed down from the Han Dynasty, it was also known for its maps, such as Cheng Tang, Wang Hai's servants, cattle, etc., which were slightly different from those in ancient times. According to Yiwenzhi, Shan Hai Jing is a legalist, and Liu Ben is a legalist, because he has a Seven Laws. There is a cloud in Guo Pu's note: "Painting is also bull-shaped", and the cloud "Painting with fear of animals is also". Guo Pu and Zhang Jun also have plans to praise the United States. Tao Qian's poem also said, "Looking at the mountains and seas".
? Hao Yixing said in Shan Hai Jing Xu Shu:
? Ancient books, pictures, quotations, and maps of Zhouguan have their own stories, which is their proof. "Once"? Wang Jingchuan said: "Give the scenery Shan Hai Jing, Hequ Shu and Yu Gong Tu. This is the Yu Gong of the Han Dynasty, and there are still photos. Guo notes this sutra, and the cloud says, "Painting is also bull-shaped", and the cloud says, "In the painting of fear of animals"; Zheng Tao's poems read the classics, and his poems are also called "Looking at the mountains and seas", which is a classic map of the Jin Dynasty. " "Zhongxing Bibliography" says: "The Ten-volume Map of Mountains and Seas painted by Zhang Liang's monk You was redrawn into ten volumes by Shu Ya in the second year of Xianping ..." This is what Guo Hetao saw. The pictures we see today are not the same as caves and elegance, and they are not good enough. But what Guo sees is not ancient, and ancient maps should have mountains and rivers. Today, Guo is the standard, but some immortals are afraid of animals. In the context of mountains and rivers, they can't understand the case, but Guo has never seen ancient paintings. Today, Yugong and Mountain Tu Hai are extinct and no longer available.
Bi Yuan and Hao Yixing told us that there are many versions of Shan Hai Jing Tu, and Yu Gong and Shan Tu Hai are extinct. Zhang Sengyou, a painter in the Southern Dynasties, drew ten volumes of Classic Maps of Mountains and Seas, which were redrawn by Shu Ya in the Northern Song Dynasty, and these books also disappeared into the dust of history.
? Bi Yuan and Hao Yixing haven't read Shan Hai Jing, that's for sure. Because they haven't seen it, they don't understand the shape and function of the classic shanhaijing. They won't know what "Ding Yutu" is; I don't know what Guo Pu's note says: "The picture is also in the shape of a cow", which means "I'm also afraid of animals". Will you understand why Tao Yuanming wants to "look at the mountain chart" instead of "browse" or "browse" It is unclear whether the ten volumes of Shan Hai Jing Tu drawn by Zhang Sengyou are the general drawing or the decomposition drawing of each part. Bi Yuan and Hao Yixing's rambling is of little constructive significance to Shan Hai Jing, which will only make later researchers take more detours.
What is the map of mountains and seas?
? From the spatial analysis, Tao Yuanming's thirteen Reading Classics of Mountains and Seas are obviously descriptions of different places in a painting. The "flow view" in "Mountains and Seas Map" can be interpreted as viewing according to the orientation in the map.
? Zuo Si's "Five Degrees of Fu" in the Western Jin Dynasty says, "Remember the mountain classics and carve Ding Xia". Song Ouyang Xiu's Reading Shan Hai Jing: "Ding Xia is like Kyushu, and the mountain classics stay. In the vast wilderness, the mountains will meet. The sea is full of steam, and it is quiet and bright. Running towards different kinds, suddenly Russia is in an unstable state. Groups are unique, reasonable and peaceful. Scared people are surprised by the clouds, and those born are strange. I didn't realize nature, but I painted it big. If everything makes no difference, I don't know how big it is. "
"Famous Mountain Classics and Carved Ding Xia" means that the name of Wudu falls on the position of Mountain Classics, and its shape is a part of Ding Xia. "Like Kyushu, there is a legacy in the mountain sutra" means that the similar part in the picture represents Kyushu, and its position is included in the mountain sutra (legacy: Yu, Liu; "On Your Millet": "The land has its advantages, and the people have spare capacity"). "In the open wilderness, the mountains will meet. The sea is full of steam, and it is quiet and bright. Rushing to different kinds, suddenly Russia is in an unstable state. " This paper describes the scene of "empty wilderness, misty mountains and rivers, steaming sea, bright and dark shade, rushing and different" in Shan Hai Jing. "The group is extraordinary and can manage all kinds of machines. Scared people are surprised by the clouds, and those born are strange. I didn't realize nature, but I painted it big. For a map of mountains and seas, everything is different and everything is big, which is Ouyang Xiu's sigh.
? Zeng et al. said in the book "Excavation Report of Ancient Stone Relief Graves in Yinan": "There are 3/kloc-0 stone relief stones in Yinan, which contain mythical figures, rare birds and animals ... The book recording mythical figures and animals is the most complete. There are also pictures in this sutra. ..... We speculate that some original pictures of Shan Hai Jing are also large-scale pictures or sculptures, similar to the stone reliefs we see today. Therefore, it is often said in the scriptures: a country is in the east of a country, a country is in the north of a country, and someone has done something, as if it were written specifically to describe the picture. "
? Historian Lu Zifang pointed out in Reading Miscellaneous Notes: "The script of the mural story of Qu Yuan's ancestral temple is Shan Hai Jing, and mainly the Wild Classic. This is not only because many of Tian Wen's contents are based on Shan Hai Jing, but more importantly, he wrote this masterpiece after reading the mural story depicting Shan Hai Jing. "
? Historian Meng believes that Shan Hai Jing is partly a work of Bashu, and Shan Hai Jing Tu is also related to the murals handed down by Bashu: "Shan Hai Jing has a picture in ancient times, and the origin of this Shan Hai Jing should be very old. Since Tian Wen is based on murals, so are the pictures and classics of Shan Hai Jing. Moreover, nine-tenths of the ancient things mentioned in Tian Wen are found in Shan Hai Jing, and perhaps the murals in the temples of Chu people are the pictures of Shan Hai Jing. As for the discrepancy between Tian Wen and Ye Jing, it should be the difference between the murals handed down by Chu people and those handed down by Ba Shu. " Used to be "? "Du Yichuan" said: "There are sculptures in the sheriff's house, depicting mountain gods and sea gods, rare birds and animals." Part of Shan Hai Jing is a book of Bashu, and this Du Du Tu may be the Shan Hai Jing Tu introduced to Bashu in Han Dynasty. "Huayang Guozhi" said:' Zhuge Liang draws pictures for foreigners, drawing the heavens, the earth, the sun and the moon first ... or it may partly come from the classic Shan Hai Jing. "Tian Wen" started from the sky, the earth, the day and the month, which should not be accidental, and so should Du Yu's paintings. ... but this ancient painting "Shan Hai Jing" has long been lost, and the one circulating now is painted by later generations. "
Shan Hai Jing is a picture depicting the personnel in the kingdom of heaven, introducing Yu Fang, mountain gods and sea gods, and rare birds and animals. Kyushu, shaped like Ding Xia, is located in Mountain Classic, where ghosts and gods wander and are composed of touching images.
? Have you lost the mountain and sea map? When you see my interpretation of The Classic of Mountains and Seas, you will know that the frescoes of the chief official residence, the stone walls and ancestral halls of Shan Ye are really maps or parts of The Classic of Mountains and Seas.
? I watched the mountain view from the tower and heard the chaos outside the city.
? Nowadays, the teams studying Shan Hai Jing have spread all over the motherland. Exploring the mystery of this ancient book has become a great cause. Nowadays, scholars from France, Japan and the United States are also involved in this great cause, and the issue of Shan Hai Jing has become a worldwide topic. Some people say that Shan Hai Jing records some unique animals, plants and minerals in the United States. Some people say that the freak in Shan Hai Jing may come from Greece. Some people say that Shan Hai Jing was written by Indians. Some people say that Shan Hai Jing was written by Babylonian, a geography book of Arabian Peninsula. ……。
? It's not very important to decipher Shan Hai Jing. It is important that we have an ancient book that cannot be deciphered.
If the reading volume reaches 65,438+10,000, it will reveal the ins and outs of the so-called immortals in The Classic of Mountains and Seas, construct the structural map of The Classic of Mountains and Seas, and show the real Map of Mountains and Seas.