1 Wang Yangming founded psychology in 1508 and died in 1529. In the past 20 years, he has put forward various psychological concepts and theories, such as mind is reason, unity of knowing and doing, tempering things, sitting quietly, keeping righteousness to eliminate human desires and lead to conscience. Finally, he put forward four words to teach the mind. He thinks this is a hundred rivers that flow into the sea and will eventually become one.
In fact, when he was still alive, his disciples had already taught these four sentences (there is no good disgusting body, there is kindness and malice; Knowing good and evil is a conscience, and eliminating evil is a fact.
You can say that four sentences of teaching the mind is Wang Yangming's mind system, but this system is dreamy and has too much imagination, which eventually leads to the split of mind. The left believes that since there is no good or evil in the heart and there is no good or evil from the heart, why should I do good or evil? As long as I follow my ready-made conscience, all my thoughts are correct. Rightists believe that there is no good and evil in their hearts, but there is good and evil in their hearts, so they must be disgusted with vomiting blood to eliminate good and evil, ignore the power of conscience, and turn to Neo-Confucianism.
Having said that, I just want to tell you that Wang Yangming did not establish an unbreakable system for his theory until his death.
Wang Yangming said that my theory is simple and lively, similar to the epiphany of Zen, but it is not. As we all know, Wang Yangming realized Tao after many hardships and tests of life and death, and founded the theory of mind. His disciples had little chance to hone in this matter. At the same time, Wang Yangming's outstanding IQ helps him form a seemingly simple and lively psychology. But if we really want to understand his mind, we must experience the three realms of learning as Wang Guowei said. During this period, it is a test of one's perseverance, especially a test of one's understanding.
Regrettably, all Wang Yangming's disciples have more perseverance, less understanding, and almost no.
This is the second regret of Wang Yangming's theory of mind: there is no successor.
The proposition that mind is reason makes Wang Yangming's theory of mind unable to survive in the imperial era. The so-called mind is reason, that is, all justice, truth and truth are in my heart, not outside, not on the stone statue of Confucius, not on the four books, not on the emperor. If what Confucius said doesn't agree with my heart, then he is wrong and not true. If what the emperor said doesn't agree with my heart, then his nonsense imperial edict is unholy, wrong and untrue.
If it's not true, why should I listen?
On the other hand, if what a butcher says is in line with my heart, then his words are truth, equivalent to what Confucius said, equivalent to what the dog emperor said.
In other words, as long as everyone is willing to speak according to his conscience, that is truth; As long as everyone refuses to speak from conscience, it is heresy. The emperor, popular knowledge and butcher are equal in this respect.
You can say that this is the brilliance of Wang Yangming's mind learning in that era, but in that era, it is also a pity.
What a pity! It's time for you, Wang Yangming, to say such outrageous things in the era of "sages and sages".
The fourth regret is that Manchu entered the customs. 1644, Li Zicheng peasant rebels captured Beijing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty. Wu Sangui, commander of the Shanhaiguan Military Region, had listened to Li Zicheng's call to go to Beijing to surrender, but on the way, he heard that his little wife, Chen Yuanyuan, was insulted by Li Zicheng's Ministry, so he rushed back to Shanhaiguan in a rage and borrowed soldiers from the Qing Dynasty (then the Ming Dynasty called it the Northern Dynasty).
There is no doubt that Wu Sangui borrowed soldiers from the Qing Dynasty to recover Beijing, and promised a generous reward at the same time. Unexpectedly, after Manchu entered Beijing, he did not leave.
This is an ancient anecdote, and the later history is that Manchu established the Qing Empire. It swallowed an elephant with the body of an ant, and it was carefully digested. I'm afraid the Han people have some healthy psychology. Yangming's theory of mind only makes people have a healthy psychology, so, as expected, under the suppression of the Qing Dynasty, Yangming's theory of mind disappeared.
Conservation of energy, the huge short board of Yangming studies in China was filled by the Japanese in the East. This is the Meiji Restoration, and its ideological keynote is Wang Yangming's mind.
Why did Yangming's mind change Japan? This is another question that China people lament.