Zhao Pu replied: "Your majesty's foresight in raising this question is a blessing to heaven, earth, people and God. Since the end of the Tang Dynasty, the emperor has moved the capital several times, and wars have continued. The fundamental reason is that Fang Zhen has too much power. The only way to get rid of this drawback now is to deprive Fang Zhen of its power, control its finances and recruit its elite soldiers, and the world will naturally settle down. " Before Zhao Pu's words were finished, Mao repeatedly said, "You don't have to say anything more, I understand." One night, Mao left Shi Shouxin, Gao Huaide and other senior generals of the Imperial Army to drink. When the wine was extremely hot, Mao suddenly withdrew his followers and confided to them. He said, "Without your efforts, I wouldn't be where I am today. To this end, I sincerely think of your achievements. However, it is too difficult to be an emperor. Just be happy. To be honest, I haven't had a good sleep this year! " Shi Shouxin and others listened and asked, "What's the reason?" Mao continued unhurriedly: "It's not hard to know. Who doesn't want to sit in my position as emperor? " Shi Shouxin and others heard the implication and kowtowed at once: "Why did your Majesty say that? Since the destiny has been decided, who dares to have infidelity? " Mao said: "Otherwise, although you have the same heart, your subordinates also want to make a fortune. Once you add a yellow robe, even if you don't want to be an emperor, there is no way. "
Words, carrot and stick, generals know that they have been suspected, lane is bad to will also lead to fatal disaster, suddenly cold sweat dripping wet, tears, kowtow, request MAO let them live. Mao said slowly, "Life is like a blink of an eye. All people who pursue wealth just want to gather more money and have more fun, so that future generations can avoid poverty. Why not give up military power, buy more fertile land and beautiful houses and build a permanent manor for future generations? At the same time, buy more singers and dancers, drink and have fun day and night, and finally, I will marry you again. There is no suspicion between the monarch and the minister. Isn't it good to live in peace with each other? " Shi Shouxin and others saw that Mao spoke so clearly that they had to obey orders and thank Mao for his kindness. The next day, the guards, the pro-infantry, the army commander Shi Shouxin, the army commander Zhang Lingduo, the former deputy army commander Gao Huaide and the former army commander Wang Shenqi all claimed that they were ill and demanded to be dismissed from the army. Song Taizu readily agreed to let them go to the Imperial Post and become the place of our time.
At the same time, Mao canceled the spot check of the headquarters in front of the temple and the "ma bu" or horse stance just look. The imperial army was commanded by the commander-in-chief in front of the temple, the commander-in-chief of the Guards, Madu, and the commander-in-chief of the Guards, Budu, so-called "Three Yams". Other people with junior qualifications, low prestige and easy control were elected as generals of the imperial army, who were in charge of three official positions respectively. These three official positions are not subordinate to each other and contain each other, so that the military power is firmly in the hands of the emperor. Later, Mao really fulfilled his promise to exchange in-laws, married his widowed sister to Gao Huaide, married his two daughters to the sons of Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, and made his third brother Zhang Lingduo's son-in-law. The monarch never guesses, and wealth is guaranteed. This is the famous "right to quench thirst by drinking poison" in history. Compared with Emperor Gaozu and Ming Taizu. Who killed their heroes and killed them all? Song Taizu's "relieving the soldiers with a glass of wine" is really much more civilized! The above story is mainly taken from Sima Guang's Sushui Story. Later, director Li's "Continuing the History as a Mirror Long Edition" also recorded in detail. Later, almost all relevant history books repeated this story over and over again, and few people questioned it.
The earliest existing records of "making soldiers with wine" are Jin Ding Gong Tan Lu, the prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, and Wang Wenzheng Gong Lu, the prime minister of Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty. Ding Wei's Tan Lu in Song Dynasty described a dialogue between Zhao Kuangyin and Zhao Pu. Zhao Pu, the prime minister, said to Mao, "Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, the commanders of the imperial army, have too much military power to lead troops." When he heard this, he disagreed and said, "Shi and Wang have been old friends for many years. Are you still afraid of their rebellion? " Zhao Pu said, "Veterans Shi and Wang will never rebel. But they lack command ability, and they will certainly not be able to subdue their subordinates in the future. If their subordinate generals want to rebel, they can't help themselves. " Mao still expressed doubts and said, "These two people are so valued and loved by the country, will they be worse than me?" Zhao Pu calmly replied, "I'm afraid I'm just like your Majesty. How could I lose to Zhou Shizong? " MAO suddenly enlighted, and listened to Zhao Pu's proposal, only two people's relieving. This record shows that Mao was persuaded by Zhao Pu and began to relieve the military power according to Zhao Pu's suggestion. There is no dramatic story of "relieving the army after drinking".
The embryonic form of "drinking poison to quench thirst" appeared in Zeng's Historical Records. He described it this way: Prime Minister Zhao Pu said a lot, but Mao had no choice but to let Shi Shouxin wait for the banquet in the palace. When talking about the happy past, he took the opportunity to say, "I am worthy of all of you, brothers. My righteousness is my own flesh and blood." What's wrong with me? However, I have to think about it. In today's situation, why don't you choose your own land of feng shui, stay abroad, be a hereditary official, and pay the rent, which is enough for you to serve yourself. So you can spend your old age leisurely. Isn't this a pleasure? There are several daughters in my harem. I should marry your son to show the harmony between the monarch and the minister. what do you think? Shi Shouxin got the message, kowtowing to give thanks. "。 So Shi, Gao and Wang all went to the buffer region and were hired by the royal family. After more than 20 years, they are still outstanding. This record shows that the story of "drinking a glass of wine and releasing soldiers" first appeared in the Renzong period, but the plot was relatively simple; It was not until Zongshen's "Year of Hydrology" that this story became vivid.
Wang Gong, the same age as Sima Guang, had a similar record during the year: "When Mao ascended the throne, there were many people in Fangzhen. The so-called ten brothers also. On the last day, we gathered all the towns, gave them bows and swords, rode horses with them, went out to the big forest of Guzimen, dismounted and drank. Fangshang Town said,' There is no one here. If you want to be an official, you can kill me. The town trembled. After repeated persuasion, Voldemort dared not. Yue:' You want me to be the master of the world, and I will do my duty and have no future. long
Since the 1930s, after careful textual research on historical materials, some scholars have strongly questioned the vivid historical story that "drinking a glass of wine gives you the right to set soldiers free". First of all, Tan Lu only talked about the relieving of Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, and there was no so-called banquet. It is recorded in A Record of the Year that besides Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, there are several other generals, which adds to the plot of Mao's banquet for the generals. The so-called "release the military power after drinking a glass of wine" in later generations basically originated from this. Say Shi Shouxin, Wang Shenqi, etc. They were all given the right to join the army, first dismissing the official, and at the same time feasting and painting in the old plot, as if living in their own territory. It seems that the story has experienced an increasing process from scratch, from simple to complex. The farther away from the parties, the more vivid and detailed the record. Obviously, it is the result of the writer's constant supplement and polishing that makes the story lively and interesting. Secondly, all three books say that this matter is related to Zhao Pu, but their statements are inconsistent. According to "Shui Shui Ji", the right to recall Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi was decided by Song Taizu and Zhao Pu through consultation. According to Tan Lu, Mao "had to" agree under Zhao Pu's repeated persuasion; But in a record year, it was the result of planning by Mao and Zhao Pu. How can such a contradictory statement become a final judgment? Third, the above three historical materials have different opinions on the way out for Shi and Wang after being deprived of military power. Some only said that Shi and Wang would not take it, some said "go back to their hometown" and some said "be dismissed first". What did they do after "disarming"? No consistent statement can win people's trust.
Fourthly, there is no such important event as "drinking and releasing the soldiers" in the "Hui Shui Ji" and "Records of Taizu" compiled by historians in the Northern Song Dynasty. The history of the Three Dynasties at the end of the Yuan Dynasty was compiled according to Records of the Emperor Taizu and History of the Three Dynasties. There is no ink in this matter. If there had been such a commendable event at that time, I wouldn't have missed Zhao Kuangyin and Historical Records. Fifthly, the above three books did not record the year of the event of "replacing soldiers with cups" in the Northern Song Dynasty, but Li Dao, who was more than 0/00 years later than Sima Guang, said in the National History that it happened in July of the second year of Jianlong. After carefully reading the long version of Mirror of Continuing Education, I found a big loophole. My great-grandmother Du Taihou died in June of the second year of the Sino-Japanese War. From early June to early July, according to the practice at that time, it should be a period of national mourning. At that time, the court was not allowed to feast, let alone feast. Zhao Kuangyin can't violate this etiquette. Moreover, the story of "a glass of wine is unloaded and returned to the field" tells that Zhao Puzheng is the prime minister and Stegosaurus is two years old. Zhao Pu's position is only an agreement and magic of the Tang Dynasty, which is not enough to plot great things with Zhao Kuangyin. His first worship was in two years in Gander, that is, three years after "a glass of wine lifted the military power." Therefore, many scholars believe that although it sounds interesting, "the right to let soldiers go after drinking a glass of wine" cannot stand scrutiny and should be false.
debate
Some scholars also believe that "the right to release troops by drinking" has a great influence on the political and military course of the Song Dynasty, and it is not invented out of thin air. The reasons are as follows: First, the military power of Shi Shouxin, Wang Shenqi and others was indeed removed after July of the second year of Stegosaurus. Official archives of the Northern Song Dynasty, such as History of the Song Dynasty and History of China. Everyone clearly recorded this, which is beyond doubt. In other words, "relieving the military power" is completely true, and all that remains is how to relieve the military power. Secondly, from the way of view, "returning to the field after drinking a glass of wine" may be as dramatic as later generations said, but if we consider the special relationship between Mao and "one society and ten brothers", it is very reasonable to examine it in the special political environment in the early Song Dynasty. Rumors like "you have the right to let the soldiers go after drinking a glass of wine" should not be uncommon. For example, A Record of the Governors and A Banquet in the Suburb to Suppress Yan Hui are almost another version of "drinking to drown my sorrows". Although there are many versions, there is only one source, which can only prove that "a glass of wine releases military power" is true. Because the recorder is absent, the narrative is different. Thirdly, Wang Zeng was born 1 1 year later than Ding Wei, and they were basically contemporaries. Wen Jian Jin Lu was written by Wang Zeng himself, and The Story of the Song Dynasty was not written by himself, but was a conversation memory of later generations until his nephew Pan Cai published it. Therefore, there is no doubt that Wang Zeng's Tan Lu will be published earlier than Shi Lu. Therefore, it is considered that "the right to release soldiers by borrowing wine" has gone through a fabrication process from scratch and cannot be established. Fourth, Wang Zhonghou is honest. He was criticized for creating red tape and cutting the expenses of the Queen Mother's in-laws. He is regarded as an upright minister and a man of noble character. The book is people-oriented, and Wang Zeng's experience and personality determine that his narrative in Tan Lu must be more records than embellishments.
In the Song Dynasty, although he had visited Xiang, he was an immoral man. Most of the farce of Zen belief was caused by him and Wang Qinruo. Later, because of the traffic eunuch, he was exiled to Hainan, and the eyes of the ruling and opposition parties were all adulterers. Therefore, although people don't have to scrap the record, it will never be higher in historical value than Wang's Tan Lu. Fifth, the funeral period of Empress Dowager Cixi. On June 2, 2002, Du Taihou passed away. Taichang Neiting said: The quasi-story was released by the Emperor's daily moon change system on the 25th. "Du Taihou died on June 2nd. According to the calculation of "the sun and the moon change phases", "three years of mourning" actually takes only 24 days. From June 2 to June 25, it is exactly 24 days. On the 25th, he took off his mourning clothes, indicating that the legal mourning period stipulated by the court had passed. After the "liberalization", general banquets and entertainment activities are no longer prohibited except for special grand state banquets. If there is a record of "from the beginning of June to the beginning of July on July 19th", it is unfounded to describe Du Taihou's funeral period as "from the beginning of June to the beginning of July". From this point of view, it may really be the right to let the soldiers go after drinking a glass of wine, which has gone through a simple to detailed development process. However, it is not true to say that it has experienced a production process from scratch. In fact, we can ignore the detail of "drinking a glass of wine" and focus on the essence of "returning to the field". In a word, Mao's series of measures to reduce military power and reform the military system effectively ensured the long-term stability of the Song army and completely ended the turbulent situation of military and political disorder. Its effect is self-evident. But its negative effects can not be ignored. In the Northern Song Dynasty, soldiers were lucky enough to protect their full names. After Emperor Taizong, several unknown generals, the only one worthy of praise was Di Qing, died of suspicion. Later, the Northern Song Dynasty