The Illustrious Three Souls of Qin·Journey to Xi'an·Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin·The First Mausoleum of the Eternal Emperor
In July 210 BC, Qin Shihuang died of illness on the sand dune platform during his fifth tour ( Today's Pingxiang County, Hebei Province), died at the age of fifty and was buried in Lishan Mausoleum in September of the same year.
The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin is located near Xiahe Village, 5 kilometers east of present-day Lintong County. To the north
The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin in Lintong, Shaanxi Province
It is close to Lishan Mountain and the Weishui River to the south. It is a large-scale , majestic. Qin Shi Huang ascended the throne at the age of thirteen (247 BC) and began to build the mausoleum in Lishan. It was not completed until the death of Qin Shi Huang in 210 BC. Hu Hai, the second emperor of Qin, continued to build the mausoleum for another two years, which took thirty-nine years. Qin Shihuang hoped that his final destination after death would be like a mountain or a mausoleum and would last forever, so he called his cemetery "Ling", sometimes referring to it as "Lishan", and called his cemetery "Lishan Garden". This system of large-scale construction of imperial tombs in advance has continued throughout Chinese history. The number of civilians who were drafted to build the Lishan Cemetery reached more than 700,000 at most. The main materials for the mausoleum were shipped from Sichuan, Hubei and other places. Most of Lishan Mountains are earthen mountains, and a large amount of stone materials must be mined and transported from the mountains in Weibei. In order to prevent the rivers near Lishan from rushing into the mausoleum, a large number of civilians were mobilized to change the nearby river channels that originally ran from north to south to flow from east to west. The extent to which it wastes people and money can be imagined.
The First Emperor’s choice of acupoint
According to legend, Qin Shihuang began to choose his mausoleum at the foot of Mount Li. The picture shows the Lishan Mountain at the back and the Weihe River at the feet. The blue fields in the south of the mountain produce beautiful jade, and the north produces gold. There is water play on the left and the Bahe River on the right. With good Feng Shui, descendants will enjoy happiness and longevity forever. Once the tomb was opened, the people worked extremely hard and cursed, which alarmed the immortals in Lishan Mountain who had been cultivating for thousands of years. When the gods saw that Qin Shihuang had chosen a Fushou point, his family's empire was secure, and the common people suffered even more disasters. So he pretended to be a Feng Shui master and deliberately laughed at Qin Shihuang for blinding his acupuncture points. Qin Shihuang sent someone to invite the gods into the palace. The immortal said: "The point you chose is the Lotus Point. The dustpan-like Lishan Mountain is just like the huge lotus petals. But you leaned on the mountain and pushed on the water, just breaking the lotus into two halves, and the Feng Shui has long since disappeared. The mausoleum should be a few miles away from the mountain. "The position of the mausoleum is like the core of a lotus flower. If you sit in the west and face the east, it will have good feng shui." After that, he turned into a white crane and flew away. Qin Shihuang was very happy when he saw that it was a god's guidance, and sent people to publicize it everywhere. When the people heard that the gods were helping him to check his acupuncture points, they scolded him even more fiercely. The gods entrusted a dream to the person who was repairing the tomb and said: "The Qinling Cave is a mother lotus cave. It is built according to the original cave, just in time for the lotus to be in full bloom, and Feng Shui has taken full advantage. The current cave, Qin Ling, is located on the core of the lotus. If the lotus is rotten, the Feng Shui will be taken care of." They dispersed. Although Qin Shihuang could unify the world, he could only be passed down to two generations." Later, as the gods said, the second generation Hu Hai died after only three years as emperor.
Lishan Hard Stone
At the foot of Lishan Mountain, north of Yanjiazhai, north of the Mausoleum of the First Emperor, there is a large bluestone, which people call the "hard stone".
It is said that because the Lishan stone is too soft, the stone for building the mausoleum was mined and transported from Beishan in Ganquan. Many people died on the way carrying stones. There was a stone transporter named Father Shi who angrily chiseled out the words "Hard Stone" on the largest piece of bluestone. Later, this stone and the remaining stones from the surrounding mausoleum were called "hard stones". Huangfu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, looked at the "Hard Stone" and was filled with emotion. He wrote an "Inscription on the Hard Stone" on the Hard Stone, which was chiselled on the Hard Stone: "The Hard Stone is green, beside Mount Li. ... Beishan, the foundation is in the tomb. If there is any support, it will stand in the middle. It is said that it is a ruthless stone in the Yuan Dynasty. During the construction of beam bridges, most of these rough stones were used to build stone bridges. The big piece of stone with the two characters "锛石" and the inscription "锛石" carved on it was also used as a bridge.
Underground Imperial City
The cemetery runs east-west, and the gate on the outer wall of the cemetery opens to the east. It is completely different from the general north-south layout of the mausoleum. It shows that Qin Shihuang lives in the west. The power to sweep across Liuhe and dominate the world.
According to the census, the scope of the cemetery and burials is 15 miles from east to west, north to south, and the total area is 56 square kilometers. The cemetery covers an area of ??nearly 8 square kilometers and has an inner city and an outer city. The tomb is located in the southern half of the inner city and is in the shape of an overturned bucket. It is now 76 meters high and has a square base. According to archaeologists' speculation, Qin Shihuang's "mausoleum" should be behind the mausoleum, that is, on the west side.
It has now been discovered that between the inner and outer walls in the west of the mausoleum, there are 17 funeral pits for raising horses, 17 tile coffins containing rare birds and animals, and 14 pottery figurines sitting on the tomb; There are also accompanying tombs and burial pits in the west. In the middle of the west of the mausoleum is the mausoleum road, where wooden and copper chariots and horses are buried. There are seven burial pits and auricular chambers in the north of the tomb, as well as an underground palace and a corridor leading to the tomb. There are three corridors on the east side of the mausoleum. Outside the cemetery is the burial area. Three pits of terracotta warriors and horses, 53 pits of stables, 17 tombs of martyrs, 17 tombs of prisoners and other relics have been discovered.