(1) Classification of production objects According to different agricultural production objects, agriculture can be divided into planting, animal husbandry, forestry, fishery and sideline. The main farmers in the world
The geographical types of industries basically belong to planting and animal husbandry; In some cases, farmers operate both farming and animal husbandry on their own land, which is called mixed agriculture.
(b) Classification by input quantity If the input of production materials or labor force is small, expanding land area will become the main means to increase agricultural output.
This is so-called extensive agriculture. It is generally distributed in areas with vast territory and sparsely populated, harsh natural conditions and low productivity. If we invest more means of production or labor force and increase agricultural output by increasing unit output, this is called intensive agriculture, and agriculture in the modern world is mainly intensive agriculture.
(3) Classification by product use If most or even all of the products produced by farmers are for themselves and their families to enjoy, this kind of agriculture is called subsistence agriculture. self-support
Agriculture is mainly distributed in developing countries; If agricultural production is aimed at selling products, this kind of agriculture becomes commodity agriculture. Commercial agriculture is mainly distributed in developed countries and some areas in developing countries.
(four) according to the differences in water conditions and water resources utilization characteristics of agricultural land, it can be divided into:
Paddy field agriculture: in areas with abundant precipitation and heat and sufficient irrigation water, agriculture is mainly based on planting crops. Rice is the main food crop, which is divided into monoculture rice or paddy-upland rotation (such as rice-wheat rotation and rice-rape rotation), mainly distributed in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the southern coast of the United States, and the southeast coast of Brazil. Dryland agriculture: In arid, semi-arid and drought-prone semi-humid areas where precipitation is scarce and irrigation conditions are lacking, agriculture mainly relies on precipitation, and adopts dry farming technical measures to develop dry crops or drought-resistant and drought-tolerant crops. Wheat, cotton and millet are mainly planted, mainly distributed in North and Northeast China, Eastern Europe Plain, Central Asia and the Midwest of the United States.
Irrigated agriculture: agriculture developed by irrigation with water sources in arid and semi-arid areas. Planting drought-tolerant crops, such as wheat, cotton, dates, etc. Such as Hexi Corridor, Ningxia Plain and Hetao Plain in China, Syr Darya River and Amu Darya River basins in Central Asia, Two River basins in West Asia, and Nile River coastal plains.
Oasis agriculture: refers to agriculture distributed in arid desert areas with water irrigation and fertile land. Generally island-shaped, beaded or banded, such as Tarim Basin in China and oasis at the foot of Tianshan Mountain.
(five) according to the differences in agricultural production methods can be divided into:
Stereoscopic agriculture: Stereoscopic agriculture in a broad sense refers to the agricultural production mode of multi-level stereoscopic farming in the same land or water area to the maximum extent, such as mulberry fish ponds and sugarcane fish ponds in the Pearl River Delta of China. Stereoscopic agriculture in a narrow sense refers to high-altitude mountainous areas and plateau areas with large relief. Due to the vertical differences in natural conditions such as climate and vegetation, the production of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry presents the characteristics of multi-level and multi-level vertical change and three-dimensional production layout from low to high. For example, the Hengduan mountain area in the southwest is a typical vertical agricultural area with high mountains and deep valleys.
Ecological agriculture: also known as organic agriculture, refers to a farming method that mainly or completely relies on biological organic matter to improve crop yield. Its greatest advantage lies in avoiding the dependence of "petroleum agriculture" on petroleum, fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other chemicals, reducing production costs, reducing pollution, protecting soil and maintaining the ecological balance of nature. Liu Minying Village, Daxing County, Beijing is a world-famous new village of ecological agriculture, and is known as "the first village of ecological agriculture in China".
Petroleum agriculture: refers to the agricultural production mode that relies on a large number of inorganic substances such as oil, fertilizers and pesticides to increase production. Its biggest advantage is that it improves labor productivity, but it costs a lot and does serious damage to the environment. The United States, Canada and Australia are the most typical petroleum agricultural areas.
(6) According to regional differences, it can be divided into monsoon paddy field agriculture, commodity grain agriculture, ranch animal husbandry, dairy farming, mixed agriculture, tropical plantation agriculture and so on.
With the popularization of agricultural technology and the growth of people's material and spiritual needs, some new modes of agricultural production have emerged. For example, marine agriculture uses marine organisms and plankton as resources for processing and utilization, which is also called blue agriculture; With the application of genetic engineering and other technologies, color agriculture came into being. There is also sightseeing agriculture, which uses rural natural scenery as tourism resources to provide necessary living facilities for tourists to engage in activities such as agriculture, selling, gathering, fishing and raising, and enjoy the pleasure of returning to nature. It is also called sightseeing agriculture and so on.
Answering the question of the development direction of agriculture is actually a more specific question. We should adjust measures to local conditions and follow the principle of sustainable development.
I hope I can help you.