1. The world's three major beverages: tea, coffee and cocoa;
2. The world's three famous teas with high fragrance: Qimen black tea, Darjeeling tea in India and Uva tea in Sri Lanka;
3. Three famous specialties in ancient China: porcelain, silk and tea;
4. The three major porcelain capitals in China: Jingdezhen, Liling (underglaze colored tableware) and Dehua (white porcelain sculpture);
5. Three quintessences of China's traditional culture: traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese painting and Peking Opera;
6. China traditional craft? Three musts? : Beijing cloisonne, Fujian bodiless lacquerware, Jiangxi Jingdezhen porcelain;
7. China's three arts and crafts: Beijing carved lacquer, Jingdezhen porcelain in Jiangxi, Hunan Changsha Xiang embroidery;
8. Three famous stones in China: Shoushantian Huangshi, Qingtian Frozen Stone and Changhua Bloodstone;
9. The three woodblock New Year pictures in China are produced in Yangliuqing, Tianjin, Taohuawu, Suzhou, Jiangsu and Yangjiabu, Weifang, Shandong.
1. Three sculptures in Zhejiang: Dongyang woodcarving, Dongqing boxwood carving and Qingtian stone carving;
11. Three famous contemporary brocade in China:
Yunjin: named after brocade patterns like clouds; Produced in Nanjing, Jiangsu;
Shu Brocade: Sichuan is named after Shu for short; Produced in Chengdu, Sichuan;
Song Jin: According to legend, it was first woven in the Song Dynasty and got its name; Produced in Suzhou, Jiangsu;
12. Four famous contemporary embroideries in China:
Suzhou embroidery: produced in Suzhou and Nantong, Jiangsu; Representative works are: Shuang Mianxiu's Cat;
Xiang embroidery: produced in Changsha, Hunan; Representative works are: lion and tiger;
Guangdong embroidery: produced in Guangdong province; Masterpiece: "A Hundred Birds Toward the Phoenix";
Shu embroidery: produced in Chengdu, Sichuan; Masterpieces: Panda, Lotus Carp;
13. Four famous inkstones in China: Duanyan, Sheyan, Taoyan and Chengni inkstones;
14. Four Treasures of the Study and his head:
Four Treasures of the Study: pen, ink, inkstone and paper;
Four Treasures of the Study's first: Hu Bi, Hui Mo, Duan Yan, Xuan Paper;
15. Jingdezhen's four famous porcelains:
blue-and-white porcelains, blue-and-white exquisite porcelains, pastel porcelains and high-temperature colored glazed porcelains;
16. Origin of contemporary pottery and porcelain in China:
Pottery: Yixing in Jiangsu, Shiwan in Guangdong, Jieshou in Anhui, Zibo in Shandong, Tongguan in Hunan, Jianshui in Yunnan, Tianshui in Gansu, Tangshan in Hebei, etc.
;
Porcelain: Jingdezhen in Jiangxi, Liling in Hunan, Dehua in Fujian, Longquan in Zhejiang, Zibo in Shandong and Tangshan in Hebei;
17. Tao Dou Yixing purple sand ware:
The purple sand ware produced in Yixing, Jiangsu Province was first burned in the Song Dynasty and developed greatly in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Zisha ware is a kind of unglazed fine pottery made of special clay with fine texture and high iron content, which is reddish brown, river yellow or purple black. Beautiful in shape, simple and elegant in color, it is an exquisite handicraft.
18. China is the motherland of tea:
China is the origin of tea trees, and it is also the first country to discover the efficacy of tea, cultivate tea trees and make tea.
The Classic of Tea written by Lu Yu of Cha Sheng in the Tang Dynasty is the first scientific monograph on Chinese tea industry in China and the world, which describes the origin, quality, planting methods, producing areas, collecting, cooking and drinking, and utensils of tea.
19. Similarities and differences between pottery and porcelain:
Pottery: the raw material is clay; The roasting temperature is 7-8 DEG C; The history of firing is: the Neolithic Age seven or eight thousand years ago;
porcelain: raw material kaolin; The roasting temperature is above 12 DEG C; The firing history is: primitive porcelain was fired in the Gao Dynasty, and real porcelain was fired in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
2. Classification of tea:
According to processing technology, it is divided into:
a. Primary processing: green tea, black tea, green tea, black tea, yellow tea and white tea;
B, reprocessing: pressing tea and scented tea;
According to business habits, it is divided into green tea, black tea, oolong tea, white tea, pressed tea and scented tea;
21. China traditional famous tea:
Green tea: time of appearance: the oldest;
processing technology: no fermented tea, high temperature enzyme deactivation;
characteristics: green leaf soup, smooth color, clear green soup, fragrant fragrance, refreshing and mellow taste;
representative tea names: West Lake Longjing Tea, Taihu Biluochun Tea and Huang Mao Feng Tea;
black tea: time of appearance: Qing dynasty;
processing technology: wohong (fermentation), full fermentation;
Features: Hongye Red Soup is sweet and mellow, with fruity aroma and mellow taste;
stands for tea names: Anhui Qihong and Yunnan Dianhong;
oolong tea, also known as green tea: time of appearance: Qing dynasty;
processing technology: semi-fermentation. Shake green? 、? Do green? 、? Fried green? ;
features: the green leaves are edged with red, which not only has the sweetness of black tea, but also has the fresh and strong fragrance of green tea;
tea names: Dahongpao in Fujian, Yiyan Tea in Wuxian, Tieguanyin, Narcissus in Guangdong and Oolong in Taiwan Province.
yellow tea: appearance time:
processing technology:? Stuffy yellow? Technology;
Features: Huangyehuang decoction, with clear and mellow aroma;
stands for tea name: Hunan Junshan Yinzhen;
White tea: appearance time:
Processing technology: withering and drying, no twisting and no fermentation;
characteristics: the soup is light in color, simple and elegant, colorless in initial soaking, fresh and mellow in taste and obvious in fragrance;
stands for tea name: Baihao Yinzhen, Bai Mudan;
22. West Lake Longjing Tea:
It is named because it is produced in Longjing Village of West Lake in Hangzhou and its vicinity. Among them, the lion peak is the best, which is known as? The top of Longjing? . Is the bud tea picked before Tomb-Sweeping Day every year called? Tea before tomorrow? , extremely expensive. Longjing tea is praised by the world? Green, fragrant, sweet and beautiful? Four musts Brewing west lake longjing tea with tiger running spring water, known as Hangzhou? Double unique? ;
23. Classification of Chinese wine:
According to brewing methods, it is divided into distilled wine, fermented wine and mixed wine;
according to the alcohol content in the wine, it can be divided into high alcohol (generally above 4 degrees), moderate alcohol (between 2 and 4 degrees) and low alcohol (below 2 degrees).
according to business habits: white wine, yellow wine, wine, beer, fruit wine, dew wine and medicated wine;
24. Liquor flavor type:
Maotai flavor type (Mao type): Kweichow Moutai; Features: Maotai-flavor, delicate, mellow and long aftertaste;
Fen-flavor type: Shanxi Fenjiu; Features: fragrant, sweet and soft;
Luzhou-flavor (Luzhou-flavor): Sichuan Luzhou Laoyao Tequ liquor; Features: fragrant, sweet and harmonious;
rice flavor type: Sanhua wine in Guilin, Guangxi; Features: sweet, elegant and soft;
other flavor types: Guizhou Dongjiu, Shaanxi xifeng liquor; Features: it has its own unique production technology and taste flavor, and its main fragrance and fragrance type have not yet been determined.
25. There are 17 kinds of national famous liquor (1952-1988):
Fenyang and Xinghua Village in Shanxi: Fenjiu, Fen-flavor; Luzhou, Sichuan: Luzhou old kiln special qu, Luzhou-flavor;
Fengxiang, Shaanxi: xifeng liquor, with Li Xiang type; Yibin, Sichuan: Wuliangye liquor, Luzhou-flavor;
Anhui Haozhou: Gujing Distillery, Luzhou-flavor; Chengdu, Sichuan: Quanxing Daqu Liquor, Luzhou-flavor;
Zunyi, Guizhou: Dongjiu, other flavors; Mianzhu, Sichuan: Jiannanchun wine, strong flavor;
Siyang and Yanghe in Jiangsu: Yanghe Daqu, Luzhou-flavor; Sihong and Shuanggou, Jiangsu: Shuanggou Daqu, Luzhou-flavor;
Wuhan, Hubei: Specially made Yellow Crane Tower wine, fragrant; Guizhou Renhuai, Maotai: Maotai, Maotai-flavor;
Sichuan Gulin: Langjiu, Maotai-flavor; Henan Baofeng: Baofeng wine, fragrant;
Changde, Hunan: Wuling wine, maotai-flavor type; Luyi, Henan Province: Song He grain liquid, Luzhou-flavor; Sichuan Shehong: Tuopai Qujiu, Luzhou-flavor;
26. The main producing area of yellow rice wine and national famous wine:
It is mainly produced in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, and Shaoxing, Zhejiang is the most famous product.
Zhejiang Shaoxing rice wine, Fujian Longyan sink wine.
27. The earliest wine brewing industry in modern China.
Zhang Bishi, an overseas Chinese, founded Changyu Winery in Yantai, Shandong Province in 1892.
The red wine, vermouth, riesling and gold medal brandy produced by this factory won four gold medals at the Panama World Expo held in San Francisco in 1915.
28. Classification of wine:
According to processing methods, it is divided into brewing wine (also known as original juice wine or still wine), flavored wine, sparkling wine and distilled wine;
according to sugar content: dry wine (less than .5%, with no sweetness), semi-dry wine (.5%-1.2%, with extremely weak sweetness), semi-sweet wine (1.2%-5%, with sweet taste) and sweet wine (more than 5%, with very sweet taste);
according to color: red wine, rose wine and white wine;
29. Nine kinds of national famous wines:
Yantai, Shandong: red wine, type: sweet red; Yantai, Shandong: Gold Award Brandy;
Yantai, Shandong: vermouth; Qingdao, Shandong: white wine, type: sweet white;
Beijing: China red wine, type: sweet red; Beijing: special brandy;
Shacheng, Hebei: China Great Wall dry white wine, type: dry white; Henan Minquan: white wine, type: white
Tianjin: Dynasty semi-dry white wine, type: semi-dry white wine;
3. Classification of beer:
According to whether it is sterilized, it is divided into draught beer (draft beer) and cooked beer;
according to the juice concentration and alcohol content (mass): low concentration beer, medium concentration beer and high concentration beer;
according to color depth: yellow beer (light beer or light beer) and dark beer (strong beer or green beer);
31. There are three kinds of national famous beer: Shandong Tsingtao Beer, Beijing Special Beer and Shanghai Special Beer;
32. National famous wines: Shanxi Zhuyeqing and Hubei Garden Green;
33. The general name of traditional Chinese medicine in China ancient books:? Herbal medicine? ;
34. Traditional Chinese medicines are classified according to processing technology:
Traditional Chinese medicines: semi-finished medicines that can be directly used in pharmacies and pharmaceutical factories after processing.
Chinese patent medicines: finished medicines that can be used directly after fine processing, including pills, powders, ointments, pills, tablets, oral medicines, medicinal liquor, etc. Convenient to carry and take.
35, the main Chinese herbal medicine:
Ginseng: produced in three northeastern provinces, with Jilin Fusong, Ji 'an has a large output and good quality. Efficacy: It has the effects of invigorating primordial qi, recovering, promoting fluid production and calming the nerves. Praise: Jilin Ginseng is known as the authentic ginseng in China.
notoginseng: produced in Yunnan and Guangxi provinces. It has the effects of removing blood stasis, stopping bleeding, reducing swelling and relieving pain. Commonly known as Gold is not exchanged? ，? Sanqi tonic first? .
Cordyceps sinensis: It is produced in Qinghai, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan and other provinces, and Qinghai Province is a major production area in China. It has the effects of tonifying deficiency, benefiting essence, relieving cough and resolving phlegm.
velvet antler: it has the functions of strengthening the yang, benefiting vital energy and strengthening bones and muscles;
Ejiao: produced in Dong 'e Town, Pingyin County, Shandong Province. It has the effects of nourishing yin and blood, nourishing lung and moistening dryness, stopping bleeding and preventing miscarriage;
36. Chinese patent medicine:
Shanxi Dingkundan: produced in Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Factory, has the effects of regulating menstruation and promoting blood circulation, calming the liver and tonifying the kidney, regulating qi and invigorating the spleen, enriching blood and stopping bleeding, and relieving pain and strengthening the body. Originally the royal medicine of the court;
Dahuoluo Dan: produced in Tongrentang, it has the effects of relaxing muscles and activating collaterals, expelling wind and removing dampness; Known as the secret recipe of the court;
Zhangzhou Pianzhuang: It is produced in Zhangzhou Pharmaceutical Factory, Fujian Province, and has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, diminishing inflammation, reducing swelling and relieving pain. There is a reputation that it can relieve gall (that is, diminish inflammation, reduce swelling and relieve pain);
angong Niuhuang pill: it has the effects of relieving fever, detoxicating, relieving convulsion, avoiding filth, removing phlegm and inducing resuscitation;
Shanxi Guilingji: produced in Shanxi Chinese Medicine Factory, it has the effects of strengthening the body, strengthening the brain, strengthening the kidney, invigorating qi and stimulating appetite. Originally a royal medicine;
Yunnan Baiyao: produced in Yunnan Baiyao Factory, it has the effects of promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding and relieving pain; Known as the holy medicine of traumatology, Magic medicine? 、? Elixir? 、? Ganoderma lucidum? .
37. Hubi, Huimo, Duanyan and Xuan paper:
Hubi: Origin: Shanlian Town, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Origin of name: Huzhou in ancient times.
characteristics: sharp, neat, round and healthy. Praise:? Mao Shuo's crown? Hometown of Lake Pen? .
Huimo: Origin: Shexian County, Anhui Province and Tining. Origin of the name: it belongs to Huizhou in history.
history: from the late Tang dynasty to the Qing dynasty. Features: The color is dark and moist, and it won't fade for a long time. Praise:? If the paper falls like paint, it will last forever. .
Duanyan Stone: Origin: Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province. Origin of the name: Duanzhou was established in Zhaoqing in the Tang Dynasty. History: It was mined in the Tang and Song Dynasties and was valued by the world.
characteristics: excellent stone, tender, delicate and moist, known as? It doesn't hurt to send ink 、? Breathing and studying ink? The characteristics of.
praise:? A catty of stone is worth a thousand dollars? , the first of the four famous inkstones;
Xuan paper: origin: Jingxian county, Anhui province. Origin of the name: Sexually declared the state government in history. History: It was first produced in the Tang Dynasty.
characteristics: the paper is flexible, white and smooth, delicate and even, wrinkle-free, lint-free, anti-aging, long-term discoloration, decay-free and undamaged. Praise:? Paper lives for a thousand years? .
38. The origin of the name of Beijing Cloisonne and its manufacturing technology:
Cloisonne was spread to Beijing from Yunnan in the 13th century, and flourished in the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, and blue falang glazes such as sapphire blue and Kong Quelan were often used, so it was called Cloisonne, also known as? Is the copper tire twisted with silk? .
39. The history of lacquer making in China and the monograph on painting technology:
Natural lacquer has been abundant in China since ancient times. Lacquerware production in China began in 1967.
4. Distribution of contemporary lacquerware production and painting techniques in China:
Mainly distributed in Beijing, Fuzhou, Fujian, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, Chengdu, Sichuan, Pingyao, Shanxi, Dafang, Guizhou and Tianshui, Gansu.
By pushing light, carving and filling, painting, inlaying jade and mother-of-pearl, all kinds of exquisite lacquer crafts are produced.
41. Fujian bodiless lacquerware:
It is produced in Fuzhou with a history of more than 18 years. It has always been a famous international gift and an important export product in China, and is known as? The real national art of China? Is it a traditional craft in China? Three musts? One.
42. History of jade carving in China:
Jade carving, also known as jade, is one of the special handicrafts in China. There are jade products in the late Neolithic period 7 years ago.
43. The main producing areas of Chinese jade:
Hotan in Xinjiang, Dushan in Nanyang, Henan and Xiuyan in Liaoning.
hetian jade, also known as kunshan jade, is called kunyu for short, and white jade called suet jade is the best.
44. Classification of jade carvings:
Pieces: stoves, bottles, tea sets, figures, flowers, etc.
odds and ends: pins, rings, seals, cigarette holders, etc.
45. The main producing areas of jade carvings in China:
Beijing, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Guangdong, Henan, Xinjiang, Liaoning, Gansu and other places.
Beijing jade carving: it combines the skills of the north and the south.
Yangzhou jade carving: with? South show? Give priority to, and? The hero of the north? .
Suzhou jade carving: with? Su gang? Famous for? Although Liangyu gathers the capital, Gong Qi pushes Wu Jun? .
46. The three famous carved stones in China:
Rock: It is produced in Shoushan, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province. What are the main precious stones? Tian Huangshi? ; Carving varieties are: round carving, relief, thin carving, printing buttons; Praise:? One or two fields of yellow, one or two gold? .
Tian Shi: produced in qingtian county, Zhejiang Province. Precious stones include: frozen stone; carve