Been there
The Japanese pirate rebellion was the biggest disaster in the history of Putian in the Ming Dynasty.
In the 8th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1410), Japanese pirates invaded the coastal area of ??Putian for the first time.
After that, the enemy invaded Pu again and again, with the most serious attacks from the 22nd year of Jiajing (1543) to the 41st year of Jiajing (1562). They invaded Xinghua City 15 times, which lasted for 20 years.
During the Japanese pirates' disturbance, many patriots emerged in Putian and led the soldiers to fight bravely and performed heroic deeds.
The people of Putian will never forget their great achievements.
After the Japanese pirates were pacified, many temples were built in various places to worship for thousands of years.
Qi Jiguang, a famous general of the Ming Dynasty, a national hero, and a strategist, drove away Japanese pirates and relieved people from disasters. Everyone in Putian, young and old, knew it.
From the 41st to 42nd year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1562), Japanese pirates harassed Putian three times.
On September 14, the 41st year of Jiajing's reign, Qi Jiguang was ordered to lead his troops to Pu to fight against the Japanese pirates. After hearing the news, the enemy invaders fled and took up residence in Huangshilindun.
After the Qi army arrived in the city, they pursued without stopping and pursued all night. They were surprised and won a complete victory. This is the famous "Lin Dun Victory", killing more than 2,960 Japanese pirates and rescuing more than 2,120 captured civilians.
In October of the same year, Qi Jiguang's squadron returned to Zhejiang. After learning about it, the Japanese pirates took the opportunity to capture Xinghua City on November 29, 41 AD. The city suffered an unprecedented catastrophe, and countless people died.
After the Japanese invaders entered the city, they burned and killed 17 people who were Jinshi or above, 53 people who were elected, and 356 people who were born. It was too horrible to watch.
Qi Jiguang once again led troops to Puping in early Jiajing 42.
When the bandits heard that the Qi army was coming, they abandoned the city and fled to the coast to wait for the opportunity.
The Qi army divided into three groups to attack the Japanese, and won another great victory, annihilating 2,451 enemies and rescuing more than 3,000 civilians.
In the 43rd year of Jiajing (1564), the people of Putian built a shrine in Xiawu Lane in the city to commemorate Qi Jiguang’s merits in saving people from fire and water. There was a couplet in the shrine that said: "Yuan Rong twice swept away the evil atmosphere, and he did not like to show off. The skin is fighting to the death; the elders have been suffering from the pain for a long time, but they still want to survive the chaos. "During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the people built Qi Gong Temple in Huangshi, the Gongde Temple in Hanjiang, and the Huide Temple in Jiangkou during the Longqing Period of the Ming Dynasty.
Among the many Qi Gong ancestral halls mentioned above, only one Qi Gong ancestral hall in Lindun, Huangshi remains.
There are also three Zhongyong Temples in Putian, which also commemorate the military commanders who died heroically in the fight against the Japanese.
In November of the 24th year of Jiajing (1545), Xinghua Qianhu Bairen led his troops to pursue the Japanese pirates to the vicinity of Dongyue Temple in Jiangkou. He was seriously injured. He continued to fight bravely with the enemy, but was eventually killed by the pirates due to lack of physical strength.
After his death, the people built the Zhongyong Temple in the Huisheng Palace in the city to worship him.
In the 32nd year of Jiajing (1553), the Japanese pirates approached Pinghai by boat.
Pinghaiwei Zuozheng Qianheye Juqing led the sailors in a fierce battle with the Japanese and died after suffering many wounds.
In the 34th year of Jiajing (1555), Japanese pirates landed in Pinghai again to harass the people. Pinghaiwei Qianhu Qiu Zhen led his troops to intercept, but fell off his horse due to injuries and was stabbed to death by the bandits.
Later generations built Zhongyong Temple in Pinghai to worship Ye and Qiu, two thousand households.
In front of the city post, Zhongyong Temple was also built to worship Lu Shiliang, a Qianhu guard in Xinghua.
The above three temples have been abandoned.
In the 41st year of Jiajing (1562), Xi Shiliang, the prefect of Xinghua Prefecture, had only been in office for more than a month. The Japanese pirates besieged the city rampantly. Because the guard Weng Shiqi fell into the Japanese pirates' trick, the city was breached.
Later, Li Bangguang, the general judge, and Weng Shiqi, the sub-guard, escaped. The prefect Xi Shiliang led his people to fight bloody battles with the Japanese pirates. They were seriously injured and outnumbered. Finally, he led his family to throw themselves into a well in the government office and die.
Later, people in the city built Xi Gong Temple in the west gate of the city to commemorate his loyal and unyielding spirit.
In November of the 41st year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1562), after the fall of Xinghua Fucheng, the Japanese pirates were like tigers, wolves and wild beasts, killing people and setting fire everywhere, raping and looting, leaving no chickens or dogs behind.
Many official and residential buildings in Putian were burned and looted.
There was a young woman in Shuiguan who was captured by Japanese bandits. She refused to rape her and cursed the Japanese bandits as inferior to animals. After her tongue was cut off, she was beheaded inch by inch.
In Putian City, they took pleasure in rape and massacre. They committed all kinds of evil and it was horrific.
In the first month of the 42nd year of Jiajing, after the Japanese pirates withdrew from Fucheng, they gathered in Pinghaiwei and Dongqiao Xucuo, where they continued to rape, plunder, and commit crimes, making the people miserable.
Fujian Governor Tan Lun urgently wrote to the court, requesting that Qi Jiguang be summoned back to the army for rescue.
April in the lunar calendar is the plum rain season.
The Japanese pirates estimated that it would take at least ten days for the Ming Dynasty official troops to arrive, so they felt free to eat, drink, and have fun at Xucuo and Pinghai.
They did not expect that Qi's army had the habit of marching quickly at night, and could travel 120 miles to attack the enemy unexpectedly.
The Japanese pirates gathered in Xucuo, after a midnight carnival and drinking, were all drunk, staggering around and drowsy.
The Qi army marched "in silence" and approached Xu Cuo's nest at moonset.
Qi Jiguang gave an order, and the Qi family's army rushed down like heavenly soldiers and broke through the fence. The sound of killing was loud and the Japanese thieves were caught off guard. Some were killed, some were chopped, and some shouted "Daddy" The mother ran away.
There was still a large group of people trying to break through and escape. At this time, officers and soldiers from the left and right wings of Liu Xian and Yu Dayou arrived in time, surrounded and fought on all sides, and worked together to kill the enemy.
The Japanese pirates were heavily surrounded by officers and soldiers, resisting stubbornly and struggling to their death.
After more than an hour of fierce fighting, the Japanese pirates were gradually defeated.
Our army took advantage of the wind and set fire to the Japanese camp in Xucuo, burning it to ashes.
In this battle, the Japanese captured and killed 2,522 Japanese bandits, seized 3,961 weapons of various kinds, 15 seals, and rescued more than 3,000 abducted men and women.
Taking advantage of the victory, the officers and soldiers chased Pinghaiwei, broke into the city, and eliminated the Japanese pirates occupying the city, winning another major victory in the anti-Japanese struggle.
After another raid, the Japanese pirates in Putian were basically eliminated.
Besides, when Putian was harassed by Japanese pirates, Xianyou was not immune.
From 1550 to 1560 alone, three groups of Japanese pirates invaded Xianyou, and two of them burned and looted from Xianyou to Yongchun, Anxi and other places.
The Japanese pirates were wiped out by the army led by Qi Jiguang and others in Pu, but they remained determined.
In November of the 42nd year of Jiajing, they gathered more than 15,000 people in Pingtan and other places, landed in Dongsha at the junction of Puxian, and approached Xianyou County.
The Japanese bandits were numerous and ferocious. In addition to violent siege with bamboo signs and wooden ladders, they also used Lugong wheels to attack the city.
The situation was very tense, but Chen Dayou, the magistrate of Xianyou County, was not afraid in the face of danger. While he sent people to Fuzhou to request rescue, he led the people in the city to hold on day and night.
Chen Zhixian also said righteously: "I swear to the survival of this city. Anyone who dares to put down the wall and leave the city will be killed!" Inspired by him, the warrior Liu Qunfang killed the Japanese bandits who boarded the city one after another. Several people themselves were seriously injured and died heroically in the end.
The people in the city were excited and shared the same hatred of the enemy. The army and the people worked together to strengthen the Tucheng, built additional wooden fences, and repelled the Japanese pirates who attacked the city many times. The Japanese thieves were on tenterhooks day and night, and they were in panic all day long.
In the 43rd year of Jiajing, Qi Jiguang, Liu Xian, and Yu Dayou attacked Pinghaiwei (east of Xinghua City) in three groups, "killing 2,200 people", and successively defeated the Japanese under Xianyou City, Fujian The Japanese invasion was eliminated.
Puxian has legends and records about Qi Jiguang’s beheading in the battle to suppress the Japanese. It was also compiled into the Puxian opera "Beheading" and performed, which was quite influential.
A kind of noodle cake is sold in various places along the coast of Putian. It has a slightly salty taste, smooth skin and a small hole in the middle. People call it "light cake".
Guangbing, also called "Xianguang Cake", was made for Qi Jiguang to fight Japanese pirates.
In order to support the Qi family’s army, people from all over the country rushed to make light cakes to offer to the army, and the name "guang cake" was passed down from then on.
Puxi Ancient City:
It is a fishing village, an ancient city, and a coastal defense military fortress that shocked the enemy in ancient times.
This is Puxi Ancient City located in Shanting Town, Meizhou Bay North Bank Development Zone, Putian City. Together with Hui'an Chongwu Ancient City and Xiapu Dajing Castle, it is one of the three existing anti-Japanese ancient cities in Fujian Province from the Ming Dynasty.
The ancient city of Puxi faces the sea on three sides: southeast, north and south. The original name of this place is "Fuxi". It got its name because the rising sun floats on the sea fog on a clear day. Later, it evolved from the dialect homophony to Puxi, which means auspiciousness.
Heading from Putian City to Meizhou Island, when approaching the Wenjia Pier where you take the boat, you can see a thick ancient city wall stretching several hundred meters and made of large stone strips on the roadside.
Under the city wall, there is a majestic stone statue of the anti-Japanese hero Qi Jiguang standing with his sword; inside the city wall, not only the cross streets, the top of the slope, the monument of the great counselor Hu Gong and other coastal defense relics are preserved, but also represent the The devout belief in Mazu and the City God has been passed down from generation to generation. Folk activities such as playing iron balls and climbing knife ladders in the first month of each year make people marvel at the brave genes of this ancient city.
Because of its glorious history of tenaciously resisting Japanese invasion, Puxi Ancient City was selected as a provincial cultural relic protection unit and a provincial national defense education base.
Hundreds of years later, when the smoke has cleared, we can climb up to the ancient city of Puxi and overlook the sea. People still can’t help but think of those wartime years when they watched swords by lamplight and blew trumpets.
Stone Wall Stone Road
Walking into Puxi Ancient City along the north gate near the highway, the first feeling is that the city wall is very thick.
According to historical records, when Puxi City was built in the 20th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1387 AD), the wall foundation was 1 feet and 2 feet thick (approximately 4 meters), and cavalry could race on the city wall.
The military situation was urgent. When building the city wall, there was no time to go up the mountain to quarry stones, so we demolished two town seawalls in Dongjia Village and Zhelang Village, Huangshi Town, more than 30 kilometers away. It took four years to transport the stones. It took four years to finally build this city. It is a solid stone city with a circumference of 590 feet (about 2 kilometers), a height of 1 feet and 3 feet (about 4.3 meters), and four gates in the east, west, south, and north.
The ancient city is full of horizontal and vertical stones.
In the urn city at the north gate, there is no soil. A century-old banyan tree is tightly "hug" with the stone wall. The roots of the tree are close to the stone wall and have weathered the wind and rain without falling.
The villagers said that this is the "Feng Shui tree" of the Puxi people, and they come to worship it during festivals.
Such ancient banyan trees are very common in ancient cities, and they often rely on the city walls, just like veterans standing on the city walls.
The main road in the city is two criss-crossing stone roads, leading to the four city gates.
When walking on this cross street, not only the bluestone slabs under your feet give people a sense of the vicissitudes of time, but also the stone objects placed on both sides of the road make people surprised at any time: long stone benches, carved Stone tablets, exquisite stone troughs, old stone mills...each of them has distinctive characteristics.
"In our coastal fishing villages, the most common things are stones, stone houses, stone roads, and stone gates. There are mountains nearby, so quarrying is convenient." said Chen Deshun, director of the Puxi Village Committee.
Following the direction he pointed, the reporter saw that almost all the houses in the village were made of stone. Even the four or five-story buildings had stones on the lower three floors.
At the intersection center of the cross streets, when the city was first built, in order to ensure smooth drainage and in conjunction with the tradition of "a round sky and a square earth", stones were used to form a raised turtle shell shape, which is still intact today.
At the intersection, turn to the east gate, and at the end, there is another long uphill stone road.
“This section of road is called Slope Road Ding. From here, you can go out of the east gate and walk 1 kilometer to the pier that goes out to sea.
"Chen Deshun said that in the past, this section of the road was muddy due to high and low tides. In order to build the road to benefit the village, the merchant ships in the village collectively agreed to bring back two stone bars from other places on each return trip. After several years, this was finally achieved. The stone road is still in use today.
Surrounded by the sea on three sides, the hard stone in the ancient city is like the tenacious character of the residents. They moved here with the construction of the ancient city, and at most there were more than 50 surnames gathered together. However, when faced with the invasion of foreign enemies, they united as one.
During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, Japanese pirates attacked the coast of Putian. The attack was very rampant.
In the 41st year of Jiajing (AD 1562), the Japanese invaders not only captured Pinghai Acropolis, which had more than 5,000 troops stationed there, but also Xinghua Fucheng.
What is unexpected is that the ancient city of Puxi, which is under the jurisdiction of Pinghaiwei and has only more than 1,200 troops stationed, has stood firm in the fierce attacks of Japanese pirates.
"Puxi City's Surrounded by the sea to the east, south and north, Japanese pirates could attack from any side, and even climbed into culverts to sneak attacks from the water. "Chen Deshun said that in the face of the invasion of powerful enemies, the garrison and people in Puxi City worked together to defend the city for more than 50 days.
The City God Temple in the city commemorates this in a unique way
Before the ancient city was built, there was a folk Lijiang Temple here, which was later "upgraded" to the City God Temple.
The Lijiang Temple has been around since the Song Dynasty. The one who has always been enshrined happened to be the famous general Zhang Xun (respected by the people as the Sima Holy King) who defended Suiyang City during the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty.
Therefore, after the siege of Puxi City was relieved, the local officials reported to the court that the City God had appeared. For his meritorious service, the emperor not only gave the City God of Puxi City the title of "City God", but also the honor of wearing a yellow robe, which is very rare in domestic City God temples.
Now, Qi Jiguang inscribed for Puxi City. The "East China Sea Guarantee" plaque and the "Yellow Robe" plaque commemorating the merits of the City God are hung high in the temple, demonstrating the achievements of the army and the people in fighting against the Japanese.
A stone tablet standing on the cross street is also. Witness the history of the anti-Japanese war.
The full name of the stone tablet is "The Monument of the Legacy of General Hu Shouren", which was erected by the people of Puxi to commemorate the virtues of the anti-Japanese general Hu Shouren.
He was a capable general under Qi Jiguang.
In the first month of the 42nd year of Jiajing (AD 1563), when Qi Jiguang led troops from Zhejiang into Fujian to recover the city of Xinghua that had been captured by Japanese pirates, Hu Shouren was the vanguard.
According to the "Fujian-Taiwan Origin Series", due to Hu Shouren's outstanding military exploits, he was later promoted to the post of fifth rank garrison in Puxi Qianhu Station, responsible for the important task of resisting Japanese aggression throughout the Zhongmen Peninsula and Meizhou Bay. .
During his tenure, he was effective in fighting against Japanese invaders and made many military exploits. Hu Shouren was successively promoted to important military positions such as General of Staff and Chief of the Fujian Army, leaving an immortal reputation in the history of Fujian's anti-Japanese war.
There are many folk treasures passed down
The heroic achievements of the predecessors in fighting against the Japanese also left precious cultural heritage to future generations.
Starting from the Ming Dynasty, in order to commemorate the residents of the city. In recognition of the heroic anti-Japanese deeds and the City God’s contribution to protecting the city, the people of Puxi hold a grand ceremony in traditional Lantern Festival activities.
Every year on the 19th day of the first lunar month, the Eight Colored Boats are held to invite the City God. Starting from the drive, the car and drum troupe, performance team, eight bands, float team, etc. formed an accompanying team. They paraded around the border in accordance with traditional regulations in a mighty and lively manner. It has been passed down unchanged for hundreds of years and has become a unique traditional cultural custom of Puxi. .
The most attractive thing on this day is the "shock show" of playing iron ball and climbing the knife ladder.
When the City God is paraded, the most eye-catching one in the procession is the man dressed as a man. "Child's body", in the biting cold wind along the coast, "child's body" is wearing shorts and shorts, sitting on a sword sedan, bare feet, holding a silver needle in his mouth, holding a sword in his hand, waving an iron spiked ball along the way He slapped his back, which soon became stained with blood.
When the parade returned to the Chenghuang Temple Square, the entire folklore activity reached its climax - the "child body" danced and then stepped on the blade with bare feet without any safety protection measures. Climb up the 17-meter-high sword ladder step by step with as many as 21 steps! Chen Deshun said that this is the village’s collective commemoration of the anti-Japanese history of our ancestors, so not only all men, women, and children in the city were mobilized, but it also attracted many tourists from other provinces, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao. Compatriots and overseas Chinese, come together to participate in this special commemoration.
In Puxi Ancient City, although the reporter failed to appreciate the splendor of these folklore treasures, he was still fascinated by the historical monuments and cultural resources in the city.
In addition to the anti-Japanese relics, there is also a thousand-year-old Tianfei Palace in the city. The wooden statue of Mazu from the Song Dynasty in the palace has flexible and exquisite joints and can be called a representative work of China's southern wood carvings; a cypress tree in the yard The tree has survived the double ordeal of frequent wars and lightning strikes. The trunk is mottled like "a face covered with wrinkles of vicissitudes of life", but the branches and leaves are so prosperous that they "get younger and younger with age."
In addition, Puxi Ancient City also has well-preserved century-old brands such as Xingsheng Pharmacy and 25 ancient houses with historical and cultural value such as the General Military Mansion. A beautiful Qi Jiguang Memorial is being planned and constructed along the ancient city wall. Park, "Every plant, tree and stone in the ancient city records the history of Putian's resistance to Japanese invaders and is a valuable resource for patriotic education."
Today, the villagers in the city are full of expectations for the new life of Puxi Ancient City.
①The water culvert at the north gate of the ancient city is an important drainage system and is still well preserved.
② There is a stone road in the ancient city that looks like a "centipede". There are 17 connections along the mountain, leading directly to the outside of the city.
In those days, the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians rushed out from this road to fight with the Japanese pirates.
③The ancient banyan tree grows out of the ancient city wall, and its roots are intertwined with the stones of the city wall, forming a unique landscape.