The frame around (1) is called "frame" (also called "edge");
(2) There is a cross bar in the middle to divide the beads into upper and lower parts. This crossbar is called "beam";
(3) The thin rod passing through the beam is called "gear";
(4) The round ball passing through the gear is called "abacus bead" (usually also called "abacus bead");
(5) There are two calculation beads above the beam, which are called "upper beads", and the first upper bead is called "top bead";
(6) There are five beads under the beam, which are called "lower beads", and the fifth bead is called "bottom beads";
(7) When counting, top beads and bottom beads are generally not used. The top beads represent "5" and each bottom bead represents "1".
Abacus: Abacus, also known as abacus, is a simple calculation tool invented by our ancestors. The abacus calculation originated in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it was not counted until the Northern Song Dynasty. Abacus is a simple calculation tool invented and created by the working people in ancient China. China is the hometown of abacus. Today, computers have been widely used. The ancient abacus has not been abandoned, but it is in the ascendant in many countries because of its convenience and accuracy.
Therefore, people often compare the invention of abacus with four great inventions of ancient china. There is an abacus in Zhao Taicheng's medicine cabinet in the famous painting "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" in the Northern Song Dynasty. Because of its convenient and quick operation, abacus has been widely used by working people in ancient China for thousands of years. Even the most advanced modern electronic calculator can't completely replace the abacus.
UNESCO has just passed in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, and abacus has officially become the intangible cultural heritage of mankind. This is also the 30th non-legacy project in China.