1. Translation: The ancients never deceived
A man named Liu Yuchong accidentally got an ancient military book. After studying it for more than a year, he claimed that he could Command an army of 100,000 to fight.
It happened that there were local bandits causing trouble in the village at that time, so Liu Yuchong volunteered to take on the task of training the villagers into soldiers and faced off against the bandits. Unexpectedly, all the soldiers under his command were defeated and destroyed, and Liu Yuchong himself was almost captured by the bandits.
After a while, Liu Yuchong got another ancient book on water conservancy. After studying at his desk for more than a year, he claimed that he could turn thousands of miles of barren fields into fertile fields.
He drew water conservancy maps, wrote his own theoretical insights and submitted them to state officials. This official was also a man with nothing to do, so he asked Liu Yu to try to manage the water conservancy of a village.
Unexpectedly, the canal had just been built, and a flood broke out. The water flowed directly into the village along the canal, and the people who were still in the village were drowned until they were almost like fish. After repeated failures, Liu Yuchong was so depressed that he could not resolve himself. He kept wandering alone in front of the courtyard steps, shaking his head from time to time and saying to himself: "Are the ancients deceiving me?" He talked to himself thousands of times every day, going back and forth. Just say these few words.
Not long after, Liu Yuchong fell ill and died. 2. How can I explain that the ancients did not deceive me?
It means: the ancients did not deceive me! Source: "The Story of Shizhong Mountain" is an investigative travel note written by the Song Dynasty writer Su Shi after he visited Shizhong Mountain in the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty.
Excerpt from the original text: In the sixth month of the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Ding Chou, Yu Ziqi'an came to you on a boat trip, and the eldest son, Maijiang, went to Raozhi Dexingwei and sent him to Hukou, because he could watch the so-called stone bell. . The monk asked the boy to hold an ax and pick one or two of them among the rocks to buckle them.
Yu Gu smiled but didn't believe it. At the end of the night, when the moon was bright, I took a small boat with Mai alone to the bottom of the cliff.
The boulders stand thousands of feet sideways, like ferocious beasts and strange ghosts, eager to attack people; while the falcons on the mountain will startle when they hear the sound of people, and they will buzz in the sky. Also, if an old man coughs and laughs in the valley, he may be called a stork.
Yu Fang was eager to return the favor, so he shouted loudly on the water, and the sound was like bells and drums. The boat people were terrified.
If you look at it slowly, you will find that there are stone caves under the mountain, and you don't know how deep they are. When the microwave enters Yan, it is light and surging, and this is why.
The boat returned between the two mountains and was about to enter the port. There was a large rock flowing in the middle, which could seat a hundred people. There were many holes in the air, which were in harmony with the wind and water. Those who respond accordingly are as happy as doing it. Because of his laughter, he said to Mai, "You know what you know? Those who squeak are like the King of Zhou Jing who has no shot; those who are boring and boring are like the song of Wei Zhuangzi."
The ancients did not deceive anyone. "Yes!" Translation: On the ninth day of the sixth month in the seventh year of Yuanfeng, I took a boat from Qi'an to Linru. My eldest son Su Mai was about to take office as the county captain of Dexing County in Raozhou. I sent him to Hukou so that I could see him. To the said Stone Bell Mountain. The monk in the temple asked the child to hold an axe.
I picked one or two places among the rocks and hit it, and it made a crackling sound. Of course I found it funny and didn't believe it. At night, the moonlight was bright, and Su Mai and I took a boat to the bottom of the broken wall.
Huge rocks stand tilted. It's a thousand feet high.
Like ferocious beasts and strange ghosts, they are trying to attack people in a sinister way; the eagles nesting in the mountains are frightened and fly up when they hear the sound of people, making a buzzing sound in the sky. There was also a sound like an old man coughing and laughing in the valley. Some people said it was a stork.
I was frightened and wanted to go back, when suddenly a huge sound came from the water, the sound was loud and loud like the beating of bells and drums. The boatman was frightened.
I slowly observed that there were caves and gaps under the mountain, I don’t know how deep they were, and tiny water waves poured into them. The sound is caused by the turbulence of the water waves.
The boat returned between the two mountains and was about to enter the port. There was a big stone facing the center of the water. There can be about a hundred people sitting on it. It is empty in the middle, and there are many holes. It swallows the breeze and water waves and spits them out, making the sound of boring and boring mandarins, echoing the previous sounds, like music playing.
So I smiled and said to Su Mai: "Do you know those allusions? The clanking sound is the sound of King Zhou Jing's Wushe bell, and the sound of the boring mandarin is the song of Wei Zhuangzi. The sound of the bell.
The ancients did not deceive me! ”
Extended information: Creation background: In June of the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, when Su Shi was transferred from the deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Huangzhou to the deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Ruzhou (now Linru, Henan), he sent him there by the way. His eldest son Su Mai went to Dexing County, Raozhou to serve as county captain. He passed through Huzhou and visited Shizhong Mountain for field investigation. In order to identify the origin of the name of Shizhong Mountain, he wrote this article.
Appreciation: The structure of "Shizhongshan Ji" is different from the general travel prose, which first records the travel and then discusses it. Instead, it discusses first, and then the discussion leads to the narrative, and finally the author concludes with "Doubt─Observation──". The full text is developed in three steps: "Conclusion".
The whole text echoes from beginning to end, has strict logic, and is integrated. The first sentence of this article mentions Li Daoyuan's statement and raises other people's doubts about it. This kind of doubt is not There is no basis, but it is based on experiments done with bells.
This is the basis for the two sound sources the author saw in the second paragraph of the article - the stone cave and the flow in the middle of the big stone. At the end of the article, he once again lamented that although what Li Yuan said was right, it was too simple for the world to understand. Shi Lingzhi uses this method to infer the reason why Shizhong Mountain got its name. In the first paragraph, the author expresses "I am very suspicious of it". In the second paragraph, the temple monk makes a boy hold an ax and smash the stone.
The author is right. This verification method is still "laughing but not believing". After conducting on-the-spot investigation and finding out the truth, in the third paragraph, the author goes back to "laughing at Li Bo's ugliness".
The whole text is based on thinking. It is based on feelings, combined with narrative and discussion, and narrative, description, discussion, and lyricism are intertwined and integrated. It is a time-honored piece of reasoning that is flexible, smooth, varied, and very distinctive. < /p>
The same thing is written about birds, either from the name of the bird to the startling flight, to the cry, or from the sound to the name of the bird, there is no sense of rigidity in writing the sound of coughing, it is first heard.
Then write about what Xu Ercha discovered; when writing about the sound of boring mandarins in the tunnel, first write about the shape of the middle-flow boulder with "multiple holes in the air", and then write about its sound, describing the angle and sequence. There are differences, and the writing is smooth and easy. Although later generations have a new view, they believe that Shizhong Mountain was named because the mountain resembles a bell. After investigation, modern people believe that Shizhong Mountain was named because of its "shape" and "sound".
Su Shi’s statement is not completely correct, but it does not negate Su Shi’s efforts.
People’s understanding of objective things has a process, and later generations have a certain understanding of Su Shi. The doubts, doubts, and doubts in the explanation are consistent with Su Shi's spirit of not being superstitious about the ancients, not believing in old theories, and not making subjective assumptions.
Introduction to Shi Zhongshan and the views of Shi Zhongshan in the past. There are three theories about how it got its name. Shizhong Mountain is located at the mouth of Jiangxi Lake where Poyang Lake enters the Yangtze River.
It has two mountains, the upper one and the lower one, which is adjacent to Poyang Lake. It is called Upper Zhongshan and covers an area of ??about 0.34 square kilometers. The one to the north is called Lower Zhongshan and is adjacent to the Yangtze River. It covers an area of ??about 0.2 square kilometers. Both mountains are only about 70 meters above sea level, with relative heights of 50 to 55 meters.
The two mountains are less than one kilometer apart. Although Shizhong Mountain is not tall, it has always been a tourist attraction because it is located where Poyang Lake enters the Yangtze River, with convenient transportation, sparkling mountains and beautiful scenery. 3. How can I explain that the ancients did not deceive me?
It means: the ancients did not deceive me! Source: "The Story of Shizhong Mountain" is an investigative travel note written by the Song Dynasty writer Su Shi after he visited Shizhong Mountain in the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty.
Excerpt from the original text: In the sixth month of the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Ding Chou, Yu Ziqi'an came to you on a boat trip, and the eldest son, Maijiang, went to Raozhi Dexingwei and sent him to Hukou, because he could watch the so-called stone bell. . The monk asked the boy to hold an ax and pick one or two of them among the rocks to buckle them.
Yu Gu smiled but didn't believe it. At the end of the night, when the moon was bright, I took a small boat with Mai alone to the foot of the cliff.
The boulders stand thousands of feet on their side, like ferocious beasts and strange ghosts, eager to kill people; while the falcons on the mountain will startle when they hear the sound of people, and they will buzz in the sky. Also, if an old man coughs and laughs in the valley, he may be called a stork.
Yu Fang's heart was eager to return the favor, so he shouted loudly on the water, and the sound was like bells and drums. The boat people were terrified.
If you look at it slowly, you will find that there are stone caves under the mountain, and you don't know how deep they are. When the microwave enters Yan, it is light and surging, and this is why.
The boat returned between the two mountains and was about to enter the port. There was a large rock flowing in the middle, which could seat a hundred people. There were many holes in the air, which were in harmony with the wind and water. Those who respond accordingly are as happy as doing it. Because of his laughter, he said to Mai, "You know what you know? Those who squeak are like the King of Zhou Jing who has no shot; those who are boring and boring are like the song of Wei Zhuangzi."
The ancients did not deceive anyone. "Yes!" Translation: On the ninth day of the sixth month in the seventh year of Yuanfeng, I took a boat from Qi'an to Linru. My eldest son Su Mai was about to take office as the county captain of Dexing County in Raozhou. I sent him to Hukou so I could see him. To the said Stone Bell Mountain. The monk in the temple asked the child to hold an axe.
I picked one or two places among the rocks and hit it, and it made a crackling sound. Of course I found it funny and didn't believe it. At night, the moonlight was bright, and Su Mai and I took a boat to the bottom of the broken wall.
Huge rocks stand tilted. It's a thousand feet high.
Like ferocious beasts and strange ghosts, they are trying to attack people in a sinister way; the eagles nesting in the mountains are frightened and fly up when they hear the sound of people, making a buzzing sound in the sky. There was also a sound like an old man coughing and laughing in the valley. Some people said it was a stork.
I was frightened and wanted to go back, when suddenly a huge sound came from the water, the sound was loud and loud like the beating of bells and drums. The boatman was frightened.
I slowly observed that there were caves and gaps under the mountain, I don’t know how deep they were, and tiny water waves poured into them. The sound is caused by the turbulence of the water waves.
The boat returned between the two mountains and was about to enter the port. There was a big stone facing the middle of the water. There can be about a hundred people sitting on it. It is empty in the middle, and there are many holes. It swallows the breeze and water waves and spits them out, making the sound of boring and boring mandarins, echoing the previous sounds, like music playing.
So I smiled and said to Su Mai: "Do you know those allusions? The clanking sound is the sound of King Zhou Jing's Wushe bell, and the sound of the boring mandarin is the song of Wei Zhuangzi. The sound of the bell. The ancients did not deceive me!"
Extended information: Creation background: In June of the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1084), Su Shi was transferred from Huangzhou Tuanlian Deputy Envoy to Ruzhou (now Henan) When Linru) was training the deputy envoy, he sent his eldest son Su Mai to Dexing County, Raozhou to serve as county captain. Passing through Huzhou, he visited Shizhong Mountain and conducted field inspections. In order to identify the origin of the name of Shizhong Mountain, he wrote this article .
Appreciation: The structure of "Shizhongshan Ji" is different from the general travel prose, which first records the travel and then discusses it. Instead, it discusses first, and the discussion leads to the narrative, and finally ends with the discussion. The author develops the full text in three steps: "doubt-observation-conclusion".
The whole text echoes from beginning to end, with strict logic and seamless integration. The first sentence of this article mentions Li Daoyuan's statement and raises others' doubts about it. This doubt is not unfounded, but is based on experiments conducted by Zhong Qing.
This foreshadows the two sound sources that the author saw in the second paragraph of the article - the stone cave and the stream in the middle of the big stone - thus uttering the message that "the ancients will not be deceived" sigh. At the end of the article, I once again lamented that although what Li Yuan said was right, it was too simple.
Let the world not really understand. As for Li Bo's method of clasping stones to infer the reason for the name of Zhongshan Mountain, the author expressed "I am particularly suspicious of it" in the first paragraph. In the second paragraph, the temple monk made a boy hold an ax and clasp the stone.
The author still "laughs but does not believe" this verification method. After the on-site investigation and the truth were obtained, in the third paragraph, the author went back to the previous article and "laughed at Li Bo's ugliness".
The full text is composed of thoughts and feelings, with narration and discussion. Narration, description, discussion, and lyricism are interlocked and integrated. It is an eternal famous article that explains why things happen. The language of the article is flexible, smooth, varied, and very distinctive.
The same thing is written about birds, either from the name of the bird to flying, to the cry, or from the sound to the name of the bird, without any sense of rigidity. To write about the sound of coughing, I first heard it.
Then write about what Xu Ercha discovered; when writing about the sound of boring mandarins in the tunnel, he first writes about the shape of the middle-flow boulder with "multiple orifices in the air", and then writes about its sound. The description angles and orders are different. The writing is smooth and easy. Although later generations have a new view, they believe that Shizhong Mountain got its name because the shape of the mountain resembles a bell. After investigation, people today believe that Shizhong Mountain got its name from both its "shape" and "sound".
Su Shi’s statement is not entirely correct. But this does not negate Su Shi's efforts.
People's understanding of objective things has always been a process, and the doubts, examinations and explanations of Su Shi's statements by later generations are exactly the same as Su Shi's not superstitious about the ancients, not credulous in old theories, and not subjective. assume. And the spirit of voluntarily observing in person is consistent.
An introduction to Shizhong Mountain and three theories about the origin of its name in the past. Shizhong Mountain is located where Poyang Lake enters the Yangtze River and belongs to the mouth of Jiangxi Lake. It is composed of limestone from the Middle Carboniferous system.
There are two mountains. The one in the south is called Shangzhongshan, which is adjacent to Poyang Lake. It covers an area of ??about 0.34 square kilometers. The one in the north is called Lower Zhongshan, which is adjacent to the Yangtze River and covers an area of ??about 0.2 square kilometers. Both mountains are only about 70 meters above sea level, with relative heights of 50 to 55 meters.
The two mountains are less than one kilometer apart. Although Shizhong Mountain is not tall, it has always been a tourist attraction because it is located where Poyang Lake enters the Yangtze River, with convenient transportation, sparkling mountains and beautiful scenery. 4. Translation of Classical Chinese The ancients bullied me
A man named Liu Yuchong accidentally got an ancient military book. After studying it for more than a year, he claimed that he could command an army of 100,000 in battle.
It happened that there were local bandits causing trouble in the village at that time, so Liu Yuchong volunteered to take on the task of training the villagers into soldiers and faced off against the bandits. Unexpectedly, all the soldiers under his command were defeated and destroyed, and Liu Yuchong himself was almost captured by the bandits.
After a while, Liu Yuchong got another ancient book on water conservancy. After studying at his desk for more than a year, he claimed that he could turn thousands of miles of barren fields into fertile fields.
He drew water conservancy maps, compiled his own theories and opinions, and submitted them to state officials. This official was also a man with nothing to do, so he asked Liu Yu to try to manage the water conservancy of a village.
Unexpectedly, the canal had just been built, and a flood broke out. The water flowed directly into the village along the canal, and the people who remained in the village were almost like fish. After repeated failures, Liu Yuchong was so depressed that he could not resolve himself. He kept wandering alone in front of the courtyard steps, shaking his head from time to time and saying to himself: "Are the ancients deceiving me?" He talked to himself thousands of times every day, going back and forth. Just say these few words.
Not long after, Liu Yuchong fell ill and died.