1, the answers are d and b;
2. The answer to the first question is D, and it is mainly the dynamic factor of Peru cold current that brings bait to Peruvian fishing grounds. Driven by the southern hemisphere trade winds, the Peruvian cold current moves counterclockwise on the west coast of South America. Because it is counterclockwise, rip flow is formed, that is, the trend of surface seawater flowing to the open sea (why surface seawater, because wind only affects the surface, is related to its acting force). Then the bottom seawater will be replenished to form a rising compensation current, which will bring the salt nutrients on the seabed to the upper layer and enrich them.
The answer to the second question is B.
A Why wrong can refer to the landlord's answer on the 10 floor, which is good, because the water temperature has nothing to do with the topography, which mainly affects the salinity of seawater.
C is wrong, because the specific heat capacity of seawater is greater than that of land, that is, the ocean and land raise or lower the same temperature, and the ocean needs or releases more heat than land, that is, the temperature change of ocean is much slower than land. Of course, C is wrong.
D is wrong. Because cold and warm are relative concepts, the object of comparison is the water temperature near the level of cold and warm flow. For example, the warm current is said to be warm because its water temperature is higher than that at the near surface (the teacher must teach you that the water flowing from the zonal area to the high latitude is warm, and vice versa, but the fundamental comparison method is relatively near surface, so that an ocean isotherm map can be obtained to understand it). Because we compare the horizontal water temperature nearby, we can't simply say that the water temperature of warm current must be higher than that of cold current.
B correct. Because the only factor affecting the universality of global ocean water temperature is solar radiation, the distribution of water temperature is closely related to the distribution of heat. The global heat distribution decreases from subtropical zone to high and low latitudes.
Reason: Although the latitude in the equatorial region is low, it is rainy and cloudy, which blocks some heat and makes its annual heat less than that in the subtropical region. As for why there is more heat in the subtropics than in the high latitudes, it goes without saying, because the sunshine and sun height in the low latitudes are higher than in the high latitudes.