Folds are mainly manifested in the old strata, and also in the near future. Dandian compound anticline in the territory is NW-SE, entering Huang Lin from the west of Huanggang and extending to Liuhe; Taergang syncline is distributed in Fenghuang and northern Li Ji, and the main body of the anticline is in Hongan County. There are two faults in the territory, Xiangfan-Guangji fault passes through Yangluo and Shuangliu areas; A winding fault in Macheng passes through the Daoguan River and the old street. The latter is still active recently and is the source of this earthquake. The faulted basins are distributed in Xugu, Xinchong, Sandian, Xinzhou, Wang Ji, Cangbu, Yangluo and Shuangliu, and extend to the northeast in a wedge shape. There are Yangtze River, water lifting, water pouring, Shahe River and Jeb running through the county. The Yangtze River enters from west to east, passes through Huangpi County to Shakou, and exits at Tai Po Street, with a total length of 43 kilometers.
Lifting water originated in Storm Mountain at the junction of Hubei and Henan at the southern foot of Dabie Mountain and entered from the south of Macheng. The domestic flow is 62.9 kilometers, and there are two tributaries, which flow into the Yangtze River at Egong Neck.
The pouring water originated in Qing Er Temple, Henan Province, and entered the south of Hong 'an through Xinxian County, with a domestic flow of 43 kilometers. Originally injected into Zhangdu Lake, it was manually opened at 1.970 to Longkou to enter the Yangtze River, and a new channel was opened at 14.5 km.
Shahe originates from Macheng and connects with Tianshan Mountain, enters Shahe Street, and carries water in Baita River. Shahe river system is complex, the river course is curved and the sediment deposition is extremely serious. After liberation, the flow in Shahe is 37 kilometers and the drainage area is 44 1 square kilometer. The left bank of Shahe tributary 108, and the right bank 98, mainly Daoguan River. There are 4 soil types in China, 10 subcategory, 35 soil genera, 235 soil species and 123 varieties.
Northeast hilly area of the county seat. The soil-forming parent material is mainly granite gneiss mixed with a small amount of basic parent material. Its soil type is sandy soil, the top of the mountain is hemp soil, the texture is sour and sandy, and the soil layer is barren. Except for some wheat and miscellaneous grains, it is suitable for developing forestry industry.
Pinggang Central District. The soil-forming parent materials are Quaternary clay, red sandstone, quartz schist and a small amount of purple sandstone, and the developed soils are loess, red sandy soil, brick sandy soil and purple-gray soil. With deep soil layer, rough texture and general permeability, it is a grain and cotton producing area.
Interriver alluvial plain. Its soil is calcareous fluvo-aquic soil with acidic texture, high moisture regain and good air permeability, and it is the main cotton producing area.
Low-lying lake area. The soil is sticky, with high organic matter content, and it is a cotton and wheat producing area.
Riverside plain in the southwest. The soil developed on the alluvial parent material of the Yangtze River is calcareous, mostly sandy, with low content of organic matter and available nutrients. It is a producing area of cotton, wheat, flowers and watermelon. It belongs to subtropical continental monsoon climate. According to the records of the county meteorological department: 1959 ~ 1985, the average temperature is not much different, and it is 16.3℃ in Chengguan and Li Ji, and 16.6℃ in Yangluo. The extreme maximum temperature is 40.8 LC (1August 30th, 960) and the extreme minimum temperature is-14.3℃ (1969 65438+1October 30th). The annual average frost period is 1 15 days, the earliest first frost date is 65438+1October 24th (1968), and the latest last frost date is1April (1980). The annual average precipitation is 1 172.3 mm, the longest year is 2 262 mm (1954) and the youngest year is 762.9 mm (1976). Average annual rainfall days 122.8 days, with the maximum 14 1 day and the minimum 100 days. The annual rainfall is distributed by season: 365,438+0% in spring, 465,438+0% in summer, 65,438+09% in autumn and only 9% in winter. The annual average evaporation is 1, 525.4 mm, with the maximum value of 1, 774.9 mm (1, 966) and the minimum value of 1, 299.3 mm (1, 980). The annual average snowfall is 7 days, the longest is 14 days (1974), and the youngest is only 1 day (197 1 year). The earliest snow day is 65438+1October 27th (1978), and the latest snow day is April 7th (1963). The average annual sunshine is 207 1.3 hours, accounting for 45% of sunshine hours. The annual average relative humidity is 78%. The maximum wind direction throughout the year is the north wind, with an average frequency of 24% and an average wind speed of 2.8m/s.
The disastrous weather in China is restricted by monsoon climate, and floods, droughts, spring mildew, autumn cold, strong winds and hail all occur. According to the records of the meteorological department, during the 635 years from Yuan Dynasty (1350) to 1985, there were * * floods 170 times, with an average of once every 3.7 years, including 92 floods, about once every 7 years. There are 78 droughts, about once every eight years, and there are more floods than droughts. In the past hundred years, there have been more droughts than floods, and fewer rainy seasons.
Since 195 1 year, there have been many major natural disasters in this county. /kloc-in the summer of 0/954, the rainstorm continued, the water level of the Yangtze River was the same as that of the lake, the dike burst, 469,000 mu of farmland was flooded, 84,000 households were affected, 834,000 people were affected, and 70,000 houses collapsed. 1July, 969, heavy rain and rainstorm lasted for 10 days, and Shahe burst its banks. 1969 and 1978 both suffered a hundred days of drought. 1976 to 1982, some areas suffer from wind and hail disasters and minor floods and droughts every year.