Tang Dynasty: Bai Juyi
Those who are capable work hard, while those who are wise worry. There is no wisdom in loving you, and you will be idle all the year round.
Product royal mansion, but also for the eastern governors. Correct fallacies and simplicity with your hands and win the battle with your heart.
Career is like feng shui, and my heart is empty. If there is nothing, there is freedom to advance and retreat.
Take off your crown today and go to Shilong Building. Cao, an official, said he was quiet and lived in seclusion.
Winter bears honor to the south, and it is very gentle. In summer, the north window is windy, and the pillow mat is as cool as autumn.
Nanshan enters the shed, and the wine jar is at the bedside. There is no need to hide in the forest when there is leisure in the world.
I am stupid and ignorant, and I have never stopped working. As soon as I entered the Golden Gate, the stars were covered with frost.
It is hard to repay the favor of the Lord, but people near the earth stay long. Eventually, I will become a beggar and travel with my master after retirement.
Bai Juyi
Bai Juyi (772-846), a native of Xinzheng, Henan Province, was born in Taiyuan, Lotte, Xiangshan, and drunk. He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen * * * advocated the new Yuefu movement, and together with Liu Yuxi, they called the world "Bai Yuan" and "Bai Liu". Bai Juyi's poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms and simple and popular language, and are known as "the poet's magic" and "the king of poets". Official to Hanlin bachelor, Zuo Zanshan doctor. In 846 AD, Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan. Up to now, there are Bai's "Changqing Collection", and the representative works include Song of Eternal Sorrow, Charcoal Man, Pipa Travel and so on.
Poetry theory
Bai Juyi's thought integrates Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, mainly Confucianism. Mencius said that "being rich will help the world, and being poor will be immune to it" is the creed he followed all his life. His ambition of "helping the world and the people" is mainly based on Confucian benevolent policies, including the theory of Huang Lao, the technique of treating filial piety and the method of applying Korea; His mind of "being alone" absorbed the concepts of contentment, uniformity and freedom of Laozi and Zhuangzi and the Buddhist thought of "liberation". The two are roughly bounded by Bai's demotion of Jiangzhou Sima. Bai Juyi not only left nearly 3,000 poems, but also put forward a whole set of poetic theories. He compared poetry to a fruit tree and put forward the viewpoint of "root feeling, Miao character, Watson and true meaning" (nine books are the same). He believes that "emotion" is the fundamental condition for writing poetry, and "those who move people should not care about emotion first" (nine books at the end of Yuan Dynasty). The emergence of emotion is helpful and tied up with current politics. Therefore, poetry creation cannot be divorced from reality, but must be based on various events in real life and reflect the social and political situation of an era. He inherited the tradition of "beauty and beauty" since the Book of Songs and attached importance to the realistic content and social function of poetry. Emphasize the role of poetry in exposing and criticizing political abuses. He put forward a series of principles in the method of poetry expression. In "Nine Books with the Same Origin", he put forward the famous realistic creation principle that "articles should be written in time, and songs and poems should be written for things".
His poetic theory is of progressive significance for urging poets to face up to reality and care about people's livelihood. It also has an important influence on the poetic style that has gradually emphasized form since Dali (766 ~ 779). However, overemphasizing the subordination of poetry creation to the needs of real politics will inevitably constrain the artistic creation of poetry and the diversification of poetry styles.
Anecdotal allusion-plain face, mouth and waist
Plain mouth and thin waist, storing prostitutes for fun, began in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, more common in the Tang Dynasty. In order to get rid of the troubles of life, Bai Juyi indulged himself with prostitutes' music and poems. There are more than a dozen prostitutes whose names are known from his poems, among which Xiaoman and Su Fan are the most famous. Tang Mengbang's "Poetry of Feeling Things" records: "Bai Shangshu is good at singing and prostitutes are good at dancing. It tastes like a poem: cherry Su Fan mouth, willow waist ".
When Bai Juyi was in his sixties, he was paralyzed by the wind, so he sold the good horse and asked Su Fan to leave him to get married. However, his horse brayed and could not bear to leave. Su Fan also said with tears, "Master, you have been here for five years, and you are not surprised at all. I have been a vegetarian for ten years, and there is nothing wrong with it. Although this plain face is ugly, it has not been ruined. Luo Li is still strong, with nothing. That is, Luo Zhili can still lead; Song vegetarian dishes can also be given to the host. Once you go back, there is no turning back. Therefore, Su will go, and the words will be bitter; Luo will go, and his song will be sad. This man's feelings are also the feelings of horses. Is it true that the Lord is heartless? "
But when Bai Juyi was 70 years old, Su Fan and Xiaoman left. Bai Juyi wrote in "Random Thoughts": "In Erliu Xiaolou, I was with an alcoholic for many years. Should there be a spring breeze in the world after I leave tomorrow? " Five years in March, today is the end, the guests are all gone, and there is no one. Illness lived with Lotte and came back with Su Fan in spring.