How to prevent flood disaster
1. People in flood-prone areas should listen to the flood forecast more often in rainy season to know the possible rising height of the water surface and the areas that may be affected.
2. If you hear the flood warning, you can build a waterproof wall with sandbags outside the threshold while ensuring your own safety, and then block the gap between doors and windows with old carpets and old cotton wool.
When you know that the flood is coming, if you have enough time, you should move to a safe place in an organized way according to the predetermined route.
4. When the flood comes, people who can't move in time should quickly take refuge in nearby buildings, hillsides, flood shelters and other highlands, or immediately climb to places with tall trees, high walls and roofs for temporary refuge.
If you are surrounded by flood, don't panic. Get in touch with the flood control department of the local government as soon as possible, report your position and danger, and actively seek rescue.
6. If you are washed away or fall into the water, you must keep calm. Try to catch anything floating in the water, such as boxes, boards, wardrobes, etc. And learn to send out distress signals, such as shouting for help and shaking branches or clothes. Don't swim blindly, lest you run out of energy.
7, after the flood, the relevant departments should do a good job in health and epidemic prevention, to prevent the prevalence of malaria, cholera and other diseases.
How to prevent flood disaster
1, be sure to keep calm, quickly judge the surrounding environment, and move to the mountains or higher places as soon as possible; If you can't escape for a while, you should choose a relatively safe place to avoid the flood.
2. Don't run along the spillway, and quickly avoid to both sides.
Never wade across the river easily.
Don't panic if it's too late to move. You can move to a high place (such as a solid roof or a big tree) and wait for rescuers to save you. At the same time, try to use some materials that are not afraid of being washed away by the flood, such as sandbags, stone piles, etc., to block the gap in the threshold of the house, reduce the influx of water, or hide on the roof to avoid water. If the house is not strong enough, make a wooden (bamboo) raft to escape, or climb a tree to take refuge. Try to bring some food and clothes before you leave home.
If you are accidentally washed away or fall into the water, first of all, you should keep calm and try to catch the boards, boxes, wardrobes and other things floating in the water. If you are far from the shore and there are no other people or boats around, don't swim blindly to avoid exhaustion.
Emergency plan for typhoon prevention and flood control in rainy season
First, the rainy season construction emergency plan
1, organize the rainy season construction organization.
During the rainy season construction, the project department and each construction section organized the establishment of flood control leading group and emergency rescue and disaster relief team. Pay attention to the weather forecast and do a good job of prevention. In case of danger, immediately organize emergency rescue, minimize the loss as much as possible, and resume production in the shortest time.
The flood control leading group is headed by the project manager, and the emergency rescue and disaster relief group is headed by the deputy project manager, and its members include personnel from various departments and offices of the project department.
2. Flood control system in rainy season
(1) Strengthen contact with weather stations and pay close attention to the weather conditions in rainy season.
(2) During the rainy season, the personnel on duty should be on duty 24 hours a day and report to the members of the leading group for flood control immediately if any unexpected situation is found.
(3) During the rainy season construction, strengthen the inspection of various flood control facilities and equipment, find problems in time and deal with them immediately, nip in the bud and ensure construction safety.
(4) When it rains, assign special personnel to monitor the pipeline and drainage system around the construction site, and report immediately when problems are found.
3, the rain period construction control counter measures
(1) Rainproof, lightning protection, electricity prevention, flood control, etc. shall be well done in rainy season construction.
(2) Before the rain period construction, prepare the rain period construction measures according to the rain period construction projects, and prepare the required materials before the rain period construction.
(3) Do a good job in training construction personnel in the rain period, and organize relevant personnel to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the preparation work on the construction site, including temporary facilities, temporary electricity consumption, mechanical equipment, etc.
(4) Check the drainage facilities of the construction site and production and living base, dredge all kinds of drainage channels, and clean the rainwater drain to ensure smooth drainage in rainy days.
(5) Rainstorm prevention measures: After receiving the rainstorm forecast, cover the construction materials, mechanical equipment and electrical equipment. Timely ensure that it is not wet and soaked by rain. When the rainstorm occurs, immediately stop all concrete construction, lifting operation, welding operation and other dangerous construction operations on site; Suspension of use of construction vehicles; Cut off the high-voltage power supply, and shut down the on-site power generation and consumption equipment.
(6) Lightning protection measures in rainy season: All mechanical equipment in lightning strike areas, such as power stations and generator rooms, are equipped with lightning protection facilities to prevent lightning from damaging the equipment and injuring people. Lightning protection facilities shall meet the requirements of relevant regulations and be inspected regularly. When lightning occurs, immediately stop the operation of electrical equipment, welding operations and other dangerous construction operations.
Second, the typhoon construction emergency plan
1, get ready
Be prepared for typhoon attack at any time during typhoon season. Designate a special person to pay attention to the weather forecast, make records and keep in touch with the Municipal Meteorological Observatory. In case of weather change, report it in time so as to start emergency measures in time.
2. Set up a typhoon prevention team.
Set up a rescue team during the typhoon. In principle, the personnel and division of labor are the same as those of the leading group for typhoon prevention and rainstorm prevention. In addition, there are about 20 rescue commandos. All members pay close attention to the scene dynamics. In case of emergency, they will immediately go to the scene to rescue and minimize the losses.
3, reasonable arrangement of construction during the typhoon.
Scientifically and reasonably arrange the construction during the typhoon. When the wind force is greater than 6, stop the outdoor construction, arrange the rain period construction of each division and sub-project in advance, and get ready.
4, temporary facilities typhoon prevention measures
Temporary works such as offices, canteens and warehouses on the construction site should be thoroughly and thoroughly inspected. If the Rachel is not firm, the drainage is not smooth, and rain leakage, sinking and deformation occur, measures should be taken immediately to reinforce it, and the serious problems should be suspended. After the typhoon, organize personnel to check at any time, find problems and focus on emergency repair.
5, the construction site typhoon prevention measures
Before the arrival of the typhoon, towering independent machinery, scaffolding and unfixed steel bars, templates, etc. Application of cables, steel bars, wire and other temporary reinforcement. And small machines, tools and sporadic materials stacked on floors and roofs, which cannot be moved into the building.
6, lifting machinery typhoon prevention measures
Before the typhoon comes, the hoisting machinery stops working, the tower crane closes the hook and releases the slewing brake to make it in a state of free rotation; Aerial work personnel should be evacuated to safety in time.
7, after the typhoon timely treatment measures.
Immediately after the typhoon, organize personnel to carefully check the templates and steel bars of various disciplines and parts, especially scaffolding and power lines, handle problems in time when found, and return to work after being approved by the site leader and reported to Party A and the supervision site engineer.
flood prevention measure
1, there are weak links in the flood control system, which should be raised and widened in time to ensure the flood control needs, and necessary flood control materials should be prepared for field use before the rainy season. Arrange flood control equipment in advance and organize flood control assault personnel.
2. In case of heavy rain, temporary measures such as damming and dredging should be taken to prevent the equipment and working face from being flooded by rain.
3. The rainy season construction team should keep in touch with the mine duty room day and night, and report the rain in time, so that the leading group for flood control can take measures as soon as possible according to the actual situation.
4, prepare enough drainage equipment.
5. In case of danger, the following measures should be taken:
(1), the personnel in the pit should evacuate immediately, report to the mine duty room at the same time, observe and judge the water situation, and immediately organize personnel to evacuate the equipment to a safe place without endangering the safety of personnel.
(2) Organize flood control forces to patrol along the dam as soon as possible, and take reinforcement measures immediately when finding weak links.
(3) During the temporary evacuation of the flood, the on-site personnel on duty should be sent to observe the water regime day and night, and report to the mine leader and the duty room immediately if any abnormal situation is found.
(4), in case of heavy rain, slope damage, there is a lot of rain, to transfer the equipment under the pit to a higher place and strengthen the drainage and dredging work.
Influence of flood
1, the impact on agriculture
Severe storms and floods often cause large areas of farmland to be flooded and crops to be destroyed, resulting in reduced production or even no harvest. During the period from 1950 to 5 1 year in 2000, the average farmland affected area in China was 9.37 million hm2, resulting in 5.23 million hm2 of disasters.
2, the impact on transportation
Railway is the artery of national economy. However, many railway trunk lines in China are seriously threatened by floods. In the middle and lower reaches of the seven major rivers, there are important railway trunk lines such as Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Kowloon, Longhai and Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo, and the length of railways threatened by floods exceeds 65,438+100,000 km. Railways in southwest and northwest China are often attacked by mountain torrents and mudslides, and the railway trunk lines in these areas are high-intensity areas with frequent mountain torrents and mudslides.
3. Impact on cities and industries
Cities are densely populated and are the political, economic and cultural centers of the country. About 80% of the industrial output value is concentrated in cities. Large and medium-sized cities in China are basically distributed along rivers, which are seriously threatened by river floods, and some cities close to mountains and rivers are also endangered by disasters such as flash floods and mudslides.
Flood disaster not only brings huge economic losses, but also causes great damage to human living environment. This damage to the environment is mainly manifested in the following four aspects:
1, destroying the ecological environment. Soil erosion is one of the serious ecological and environmental problems in China, and heavy rain and flash floods are the main natural factors.
2. Damage to cultivated land. The damage of flood disaster to cultivated land is mainly caused by water scouring sand pressure and destroying farmland. For example, in 1963, the Haihe River was flooded, and the farmland that lost its farming conditions due to water erosion and sand pressure reached130,000 hm2. The erosion of land by the Yellow River flood is more serious. Every time the Yellow River bursts, a large amount of sediment covers the fertile land on both sides of the Yanhe River, resulting in the destruction of large areas of farmland.
3. Damage to the river system. Rivers in China are generally sandy, and the flood burst causes sediment deposition, which seriously damages the function of rivers, especially the diversion of the Yellow River, which has a wide range of damage and far-reaching impact on the water system.
4. Water pollution. Flood pollutes the water environment, mainly causing the spread of germs and toxic substances, which directly harms people's health.