People often say that "there is paradise on earth and Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth" and "Suzhou gardens are the best in the world", and the Suzhou gardens we visited during the eleventh period this time are all civilized in the world.
Suzhou gardens not only have divided scenery, isolated scenery and borrowed scenery, but also have framed scenery, mirror scenery and reflected scenery. Use the doorway to leak the window frame to check; Because of the tense situation, a large mirror was hung on the side wall pavilion of Suzhou Yiyuan, which included the rockery and snail temple opposite, expanding the realm. this is
Mirror borrowing, that is, mirror view; exist
Dig a pool in the garden to reflect the week.
Edge scenery, this is the scenery, also.
Call Yingjie.
At the end of our tether, we can break through.
However cheerful, this is empty.
True; When it is not there, put a door on the wall.
Together, it shines with bamboo, stone and banana.
This is a virtual reality. The Classical Gardens of Suzhou
Pavilions and suites in the forest
Gallery, Schleswig-Holstein, build momentum.
Swimming pool, small to see big, large to see big.
Small, real in virtual, virtual in real, or hidden or exposed, or deep or
Frame scene technology
Shallow, tortuous, moving scenery, separation, borrowing scenery and other techniques are all aimed at creating an artistic conception of blending things with me, so that people can enjoy a rich sense of beauty and experience some deep poetic and philosophical feelings other than perceptual cognition. Today's Suzhou City is full of modern flavor. Walking in the bustling Guanqian Street, where is there a trace of silence? Shuttling through the road, there are still a few people who remember the past.
Say? Mo Xie and his wife are famous for casting famous swords. Where can I find the unique charm of the ancient city of Jiangnan now? However, when you accidentally fall into the alley, you go deeper and narrower, and suddenly there will be a deep house compound standing in front of you, so you can't help stepping in and falling into her depths. There are still many historic quadrangles like this in Suzhou. This is naturally the famous Suzhou garden. Nowadays, there are a steady stream of people who admire the reputation of Suzhou gardens. Suzhou gardens may need an understanding heart more than a bunch of noisy people and a bunch of praises. Although she has been silent for thousands of years, why don't we know her and cherish her?
Confident and mellow, implicit and rich, the wind comes and goes, and the scenery of Suzhou gardens reveals thousands of charms. Why not let people fall in love at first sight and then take care of ecstasy?
The buildings in Suzhou gardens are also very elegant, and the names of pavilions, terraces by the water and pavilions are endless. Do you know what they mean? Then let me tell you something!
These are the architectural elements of the classical gardens in China.
1. The hall is an independent building in the garden separated from the ancient single building. In ancient architecture, the hall is a room for receiving guests, banquets and paying tribute. The hall is a single building.
The sunny and spacious room in the middle is also a place for social activities. Hall is the main building in the garden, which is generally tall, has good viewing conditions and orientation, and is often the main body and composition center of garden buildings.
2. Small halls for resting and meeting guests are sometimes called buildings, such as the Concert Hall and Yiyun Hall in the Summer Palace.
The pavilion is an open small building, made of bamboo, wood, stone and other materials. The plane is generally round, square, hexagonal, octagonal and fan-shaped, and the top is a single-eave, double-eave and pyramid-shaped roof. According to the location, there are bridge pavilions, road pavilions, well pavilions and gallery pavilions. The largest garden is the pavilion on the east side of the seventeen-hole bridge in the Summer Palace.
4. The abutment is an open-air building with a relatively flat surface. There can be no buildings on it, only for people to rest, watch and entertain, and buildings can also be built. The platform-based building looks grand and tall. Terraces built on different landforms are called rooftop (built on the top of the mountain), fishing platform (built on the cliff) and floating platform (built by the water).
Pavilions and pavilions are high-rise buildings in the garden.
Buildings are generally large in size and rich in forms.
Rich. Early architecture refers to a two-story single building.
Piles of buildings are built for life. This pavilion is
The ground floor is vacant and the main building is located on the upper floor.
Layer, mostly used for viewing the scenery. I will again in the future
Multi-storey halls for storing calligraphy and painting or offering Buddha services are called pavilions, such as the Buddha Pavilion in the Summer Palace in Beijing.
6. Buildings partially or completely built on water are used to relax and enjoy the waterscape.
7. The boat is modeled after the boat, in the garden.
A boat-shaped building built on the water,
For people to play, hold banquets and enjoy water features, such as Suzhou.
Xiangzhou in Humble Administrator's Garden and Qingyan in Beijing Summer Palace.
Boat "and so on.
8. Corridor is usually arranged in two buildings.
Between objects or observation points, there is a shelter from the wind.
Practical functions such as shelter from rain and contact with traffic,
It is also helpful to the development of garden landscape.
Hierarchical organization plays an important role. from
From the shape of the cross section, the corridor can be divided into
There are four types: double-sided empty corridor (transparent on both sides), single-sided empty corridor, corridor (with a wall in the middle of double-sided empty corridor) and double-decked corridor (upper and lower floors). From the overall shape and position, it can be divided into straight corridor, curved corridor, cloister, climbing corridor and bridge corridor.
9. Bridges, islands and dams are important elements in the landscape. According to the shape of the bridge, there are arch bridge, flat bridge, pavilion bridge and covered bridge. The materials used to build bridges are mostly stone, bamboo and wood. The royal gardens in the north of China are mostly spectacular bridges, while the gardens in the south are mostly small and exquisite arch bridges.
The pavilion "Ming Shi" says: The pavilion stops.
This means that tourists can have a rest and enjoy the cool.
A place where you can shelter from the rain and enjoy the beautiful scenery around you. There are generally no doors and windows in the pavilion, only the roof has no walls, which is characterized by the wind and exquisite appearance in all directions. Its forms are diverse and colorful, and its graceful image can add a lot of color to the landscape. This pavilion can definitely stand on the garden view. Its location, there must be beautiful scenery around it, and its viewing angle and viewing distance are also the best, so the pavilion is known as the "eye of the garden". Because there must be beautiful scenery around the pavilion, it is a place mainly for sightseeing, so tourists often take the pavilion as a guide, so the pavilion plays the role of organizing tours.
A covered passage is called a corridor. The promenade is long, narrow, smooth, curved and empty, which is used to connect scenic spots with scenic spots. It is a kind of architecture with both "leading" and "ornamental". Narrow and smooth can promote people's sense of expectation and quest, and can achieve the purpose of "attracting people"; You can enjoy the ever-changing scenery in the curved air, because you can move from one place to another. In addition, the colonnade also plays a role in framing the landscape.
The open day by the water is called water thank. that
Features: Set up a platform by the water.
Half in the water and half on the shore.
On the one hand, it is built on a pavilion-shaped building, around it.
There are railings or beauties between the columns, facing the water.
One side is particularly open. Sometimes on the stage
The inner ring of the building is separated by a leaky window powder wall and a round hole floor tile, and the periphery is a cloister. The surrounding fa? ade is open, simple and full of light, which is a good place for people to rest and enjoy the scenery by the water. The main function of the waterside pavilion is to decorate the waterscape for tourists to watch, and it is also often used as a teahouse in tourism. On the one hand, tourists can have a rest and enjoy the cool, on the other hand, they can also.
Tea tasting and sightseeing have multiple purposes, so it is an ideal place to stop and watch the water features.
Water has a gentle and lively character. There is water in the garden, and the scenery is more charming and poetic. At the water's edge, the sky and clouds, the reflection of waves, swimming fish and lotus flowers, and the shadow of moonlight are all important contents of viewing, which can give people beautiful enjoyment.
In China Garden Aesthetics, Mr. Jin Xuezhi summarized the beauty of water as: pure beauty, ethereal beauty, flowing beauty and article beauty. According to his analysis, the clean beauty of water is not only a material cleaning function of moistening, cooling and purifying the environment, but also a spiritual cleaning function of washing the spirit, purifying the heart, cultivating the temperament and purifying the soul; The ethereal beauty of water not only shows the clear and crystal beauty of water quality, but also shows the truth and illusion in the reflection. The beauty of virtual spirit, that is, it seems to be true and virtual, up and down, in a trance; The beauty of water flow is not only reflected in the long-standing lively flowing state, but also in the gurgling sound like talking to people and playing music for them; The beauty of water articles is reflected in Su Xun's description of various abnormal situations when Feng Shui meets Feng Shui and the wind blows water crepe. These constitute the beauty of Wen Lan's water embroidery.
Hall is the main building in the garden, which is often the layout center of the whole garden, the land of national quintessence and the gathering place of many scenery. The function of the hall is mostly used for parties, banquets and scenery appreciation, which integrates multiple functions. Therefore, the characteristics of the hall are: tall, spacious, beautifully decorated and richly furnished. Generally, doors and windows are opened in front, back or left and right, so you can enjoy the beautiful scenery outside the park in the hall. There are also four halls and Yuanyang Hall, and the main hall is mostly four halls. For the convenience of viewing, there is often no closed wall around, but a large area of partitions, floor-to-ceiling windows and cloisters. Yuanyang Hall divides the room into two parts with screens or curtains, and it is divided into two parts, and the decoration and furnishings before and after are also unique. Advantages of Yuanyang building
A hall can be used for two purposes at the same time, such as entertaining guests after the celebration, or choosing a suitable place to entertain guests and staying up late with the season. In addition, most of the flower halls and fish viewing halls are built by the water, and generally there is a platform in front for viewers to choose their goals freely and enjoy themselves.
The hall is often a closed courtyard layout with only doors and windows on the front, which is the residence of the garden owner. Generally speaking, different halls have different functions, such as Shanghai Yuyuan Garden, Sansui Hall is used to receive tourists, Dianchun Hall is used to entertain and watch plays, and Yuhua Hall is a study. Therefore, the function of each museum depends on the specific situation and is different from each other.
Fasting is fasting, and its environment is generally deep.
Quiet, its style is mostly simple and elegant, with elegance.
Vulgar interests are mainly used for retreat and reading in the garden.
Books and rest.
The porch is similar to a pavilion, and it is also a small building as a starting point in classical gardens. The difference between a porch and a gazebo is that there are simple tables and chairs in the porch for tourists to rest. Generally speaking, the porch in the garden is mostly the gathering place of poets, which requires quiet environment, simple shape and more traditional paintings, plaques and couplets, which can give people a subtle and elegant taste. The porch is also used to enjoy the scenery.
It is a boat-shaped building, close to or in water. It is divided into three parts from front to back. The front cabin is higher and the middle cabin is slightly lower. There are two small buildings in the back cabin for climbing and overlooking. The front end is connected to the shore with a gondola, imitating the springboard for boarding. Because it can't move, it's also called not tying the boat. Being in the water makes people closer to the water, immersed in it, and makes people feel rippling in the water. It is a place where people rest, enjoy and eat in the garden. However, this kind of architecture, fat, was created in the artistic conception of China garden art.
Shipbuilding is of special significance. As we know, ships were the main means of transportation in ancient Jiangnan. However, since Zhuangzi said that "the incompetent have nothing to ask for, but they are invited to swim when they are full, and float on unrelated ships", Pang has become a hermit of ancient literati.
Symbol, which means that the owner lives in seclusion in the Jianghu, and then
No politics. So it is often the owner of the garden.
Buildings with emotional attachment are suitable for seclusion.
Meaning. Because there were many in ancient times
Scholar career frustrated, unmoved by real life.
People often want to live in seclusion and indulge in mountains and rivers. Most of their leisure and fun are to buy a boat, go there and go boating among mountains and rivers. Isn't it fun? Therefore, prevention often means living in seclusion in gardens, but boats have different meanings on different occasions. For example, the Lion Forest in Suzhou is the back garden of the Buddhist temple, so the boat in the garden means Purdue sentient beings. As for the stone fat in the Summer Palace, according to Wei in the Tang Dynasty, "water can carry a boat, but it can also overturn it", because stone fat can never be repeated, so it means that mountains and rivers last forever. The boat on the rockery in Shanghai Yuyuan Garden should be interpreted as "this is a fairyland on earth".
Suzhou gardens can't be picturesque without colorful plants. So plants are also very important in Suzhou gardens. In the gardens I visited, each courtyard usually has its iconic or main plants named after it, such as Ge Yuan in Yangzhou, because there are many gardens.
Named after bamboo. Some yards are screaming.
When you build a plum garden, you will decorate it with a small plum tree.
Among them; If it is called Tingyuxuan, there must be a banana and a garden, which are graceful and have beautiful images on the powder wall. The three friends of pine, bamboo and chrysanthemum, as well as orchids and plum blossoms, are the favorite things of literati, which not only adorn the garden, but also show the noble integrity of the master. Marat safin cut a wall, a shadow was empty, and a gust of wind blew slowly. Against the powder wall, bluestone is rougher, bamboo branches are more delicate, willow smoke is more elegant, and the tip of green maple leaves reveals a little blush; The new green is tender, the thick green is heavy, the pink is delicate, the chrysanthemum is quiet, the bright camellia is beautiful, and the magnolia is purple. White walls need to be tiled. Black and white must be distinct, elegant and exquisite. But under that window, in the corner, on the roadside wall, the scenery in the garden will leave a shallow shadow and charm. The most fascinating thing is the reflection in the water. A clear pool will contain pavilions and beautiful trees and flowers.
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