It should be said that Wang Wei likes to appreciate rural scenery, but he seems to have no special interest in famous mountains and rivers. Wang Wei's interest tends to be quiet, and he cares about the emotional appeal and implication of the scenery. He has no curiosity about those famous scenery. Since he worked in Wenchiwangchuan, he likes to invite some poetry friends, such as Pei Di, to hang out and sing poetry together. Other scenic spots, such as Huazigang, Lihu, Zhuliguan, Liulang, Cornus officinalis and Wu Xinyi. , have been written into poetry. Wang Wei was also sent to the fortress in his early years, and wrote a famous sentence like "The desert is lonely and the smoke is straight, and the long river falls in the yen". But most of his life was spent in semi-official and semi-seclusion in Chang 'an, and Wangchuan was his main place to play.
Meng Haoran has been wandering between seeking official position and retiring all his life. In his prime, he roamed wuyue and visited many scenic spots than Wang Wei. In his works, he also left some works describing the scenic spots he walked through. Meng Haoran may be the most famous pastoral poet in Tang Dynasty.
Wei and Liu Zongyuan became attached to the countryside, which was related to their official experience. They are all local officials of the Secretariat. Wei was the secretariat of Chuzhou (now Chuxian County, Anhui Province), Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) and Suzhou (now Jiangsu Province), and wrote famous landscape poems such as Xixi Chuzhou. After the failure of Wang's political reform, Liu Zongyuan was first demoted to Yongzhou Sima, and ten years later he was appointed as Liuzhou Secretariat. So his poems describe some scenery in Yongzhou and Liuzhou. Probably, as far as temperament is concerned, Wei and Liu Zongyuan are both people who have no special interest in mountains and rivers.
Of course, there were also poets who especially liked mountains and rivers in the Tang Dynasty, and there were quite a few. According to our temporary search, the brief list is as follows:
Song Wenzhi, a native of Hongnong (now Lingbao County, Henan Province) and Fenzhou (now Fenyang County, Shanxi Province), once relegated to Longzhou (now Luoding County, Guangdong Province) to join the army, and went to Lingnan to flatter Zhang Yizhi. Later, he was demoted to Yuezhou (now Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province) for his crimes. Later, he was exiled to Qinzhou (now Qin County, Guangxi), where he was ordered to commit suicide. It can be seen that this poet with low character has been to many places in his life. Lingnan area is not the place he wants to go, and he has no history of the Song Dynasty. Who can live with it and travel all over Lingnan landscape? However, according to historical records, during his stay in Yuezhou, Song Wenzhi often climbed mountains, drank water and wrote poems. According to the New Tang Book, he once "traveled around Tunxi Mountain and bought wine to write poems". Tongxi was once the activity place of some celebrities in the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Shengzhou City, Zhejiang Province, which is the upper reaches of Cao 'e River.
Li Duan, a native of Zhaozhou (now Zhaoxian County, Hebei Province), was a scholar. After being an official for a period of time, he resigned due to illness and once lived in Caotang Temple in Zhong Nanshan. Later, he became a Sima in Hangzhou, and once bought some fields at the foot of Huqiu Mountain to run the manor. It is said that Li Duan later moved to Hengshan, calling himself a friend of Hengshan. In the meantime, "play the piano and read Yi, climb high and look far, and take it lightly."
Zhang Qian said that people in Hanoi (now Biyang County, Henan Province) like to enjoy the lakes and mountains very much. His poem "Drinking on the Lake" said: "Sitting on the lake at night and enjoying the moon tirelessly, walking on the lake and going up the mountain by day tirelessly. The statue in front of me is full, and everything in my heart is like leisure. "
Yao was born in the middle reaches (now Yongji County, Shanxi Province) and was a poet of Wei. He "likes to visit famous mountains" and "rewards people who live in seclusion in the forest, and his taste is detached" (Volume 5 of Talented People in the Tang Dynasty).
Yin, a native of Xiuzhou (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang), has traveled all over Shaanxi, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian. In the sixth volume of Biography of Talented Talents in Tang Dynasty, he said that he was "interested in hills and valleys". It is said that he once said, "I haven't seen the mountains and rivers for a day, and when I talk to the layman, I feel that there is dust on my chest, and I am anxious to fill it with mud to relieve my ears."
Zhang Hu was born in Gusu (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province). According to various documents, this famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty loved mountains and rivers, visited temples and often improvised poems wherever he went. Lingyin and Tianzhu in Hangzhou, Lingyan and Lengga in Suzhou, Huishan and Shanjuan in Changzhou, Ganlu and Zhao Yin in Runzhou (Zhenjiang) all left poems. Li Shao, a poet, once gave him a poem in Yueyang, saying, "The temple on the southwest lake of Yueyang is full of words. Zhang Sheng, a new nail, has a poem, which is tasteless after I recite it. " It can be seen that Zhang Hu's On Poetry is deeply loved by contemporary poets. In order to understand his poems more intuitively, just give a few examples. There are two lines in Wandaoren Zen Room: "The setting sun is too far away, and the leaves are full of sparse bells." There are two lines in Tijinshan Temple: "In the shadow of the temple, bells will ring on both sides." There are four sentences in the Temple of the Lonely Mountain: "No rain makes the mountain grow, and no feng shui makes the mountain shade. The bridge is broken and the empty courtyard is deep. "
Chen Tao, a native of Jianpu (now Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province), refused to enter for many times. "He wandered around the famous mountains, calling himself' three religions in cloth'."
Judging from the poets' poems preserved to this day, the number of poets in the Tang Dynasty who traveled to famous mountains and rivers was even greater. For example, Li Bai and Du Fu, great poets, have not been classified as pastoral poems by literary historians, although they have not specifically emphasized their love for mountains and rivers. But in fact, they have traveled to many famous mountains and rivers, which is beyond the reach of ordinary pastoral poets; Their poems describing landscapes are not only as few as the representative poets of pastoral school, but also as good in quality.
Li Bai once declared that "according to the unchanging habit of my life, I traveled all over the five mountains, and I didn't think it was far away". In order to learn from immortals and appreciate the mountains and rivers, I did not hesitate to travel long distances, not afraid of mountains. In his hometown of Sichuan, he has been to Chengdu and visited Emei Mountain. He left his hometown and sailed eastward to Hubei. He is centered on Anlu. Besides roaming around Hubei, he has also been to Luoyang, eastern Shandong, wuyue, Mount Tai, Nanjing and wuyue, leaving his footprints. After leaving Chang 'an, I entered a roaming period centered on Liangyuan and Donglu, and my footprints were all over Shandong, Hebei and Anhui today, leaving scars everywhere. When the Anshi Rebellion broke out, he took refuge in Zhongshan and Lushan successively. Because he participated in the Wang Yong Lilin shogunate, he was designated as a rebel and was punished by the exile of Yelang. He was forgiven halfway down the river and finally settled in Dangtu, Anhui. With his temperament and bumpy fate, Li Bai almost became a passerby.
Du Fu traveled to Jiangsu and Zhejiang in his early years, and twice to Shandong and Hebei, which lasted for 89 years. During the period of seeking officials, the main activities were in Chang' an area; In his official career, he traveled between Tianshui, Gansu, Xi, Shaanxi and Luoyang, Henan. After resigning from his post, after a short stay in Gansu, he and his family crossed the Qinling Daba Mountain and came to Chengdu, Sichuan. During his four or five years living in Chengdu, he traveled among Zizhou, Mianzhou and Langzhong in the northeast of Sichuan, and visited Jianmen and Qingcheng Mountain. After leaving Chengdu by boat, I lived in Fengjie today for two years, and many towns stayed along the way. Finally arrived in Hubei and Hunan. It can be said that Du Fu has been to less than half of China. In the words of Wang Anshi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, Du Fu was "hungry for half of Kyushu". On the famous mountain, Du Fu visited and left poems in three places, namely Mount Tai in Dongyue, Huashan in Xiyue and Hengshan in Nanyue. Du Fu has been to Dachuan, the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Xiangjiang River. On the Yangtze River, they are all long-term families who travel by boat.