What are the specific requirements for standardized design standards for residential single buildings? Zhongda Consulting will answer them below.
1. The method of not setting up an entrance garden
(1) The doorbell button is concealed outside the entrance door, with the bottom edge 1.30m from the ground and 0.25m from the edge of the door opening; indoor doorbell Surface mounted, bottom edge 2.30m from ground.
(2) The entrance door should have anti-theft function. The height of the door opening is 2100mm. The width of the door opening is considered in two ways: the width of the double door is 1300mm, and the width of the single door is 1000mm (the net width of the door leaf is 900mm).
(3) Avoid the entrance door facing the indoor bathroom door or outdoor tube well door.
(4) The entrance door should be equipped with wall stacks, the stack width should not be less than 50mm, and if possible, the stack width should be 200mm. Door bumpers should be installed inside the door.
(5) The entrance door leaf adopts multi-point locks, cat's eyes, and copper or other high-strength hinges. The brands of locks, doors, door closers, cat's eyes, and hinges should have a clear selection range. .
(6) The room number plate should be placed above the door opening.
(7) The form and color of the entrance door leaf should be coordinated with the design style of the stairwell and corridor.
(8) The entrance door of a multi-story residential building should avoid being close to the steps of the stairs, and a buffer distance of 600mm should be left.
(9) It should be avoided that the doors between two households are vertically close to each other on the plane, causing interference when the door leaves are opened.
2. How to set up a home garden
(1) The area of ??the home garden after deducting the walkway should not be less than 8m2, and the width of the direct external lighting and ventilation surface should not be less than 2400mm.
(2) The entrance garden should be designed with a structural lowering plate of 300mm, which can be combined with planters to solve the problem of burying entrance pipes.
(3) The entrance garden can function as a porch, and the shoe cabinet can be integrated into the garden.
(4) The distribution box can be installed on a suitable wall in the garden.
(5) The first entrance door (between the stair hall and the entrance garden) serves as an anti-theft function. The door opening is 2100mm high and 1300mm wide. The second door (between the entrance garden and the living room) Use a glass sliding door with the height of the door opening equal to the height of the window top.
(6) Lighting and water supply and drainage facilities should be considered for the home garden.
(7) Other requirements are the same as those for units without an entrance garden.
3. Entrance hall
(1) For apartments with 3 bedrooms or above, try to set up an entrance hall, and consider the location of the shoe cabinet in advance. The depth of the shoe cabinet is 300mm.
(2) The clear width of the hallway at the entrance to the home is not less than 1200mm (excluding the shoe cabinet position).
(3) The central surface-mounted ceiling lamp in the entrance ceiling, the lighting switch is concealed on the side in the direction of the door opening, and the bottom edge is 1.30m from the ground; the intercom is installed on the side in the door opening direction, and the bottom edge is 1.30m from the ground. m (if you choose a wall-mounted intercom, you can only reserve a standard junction box of 86×86mm). The distance between the intercom and the door should be greater than 400mm; if possible, the household weak current distribution box should be installed concealed, with the bottom edge 0.30m away from the ground.
Standard design of living room and dining room
1. The living room area should not be less than 18m2, the bay should not be less than 4200mm, and there should be a good orientation or outdoor landscape view.
2. When the living room and dining room are jointly located, units above 120m2 should be able to form convection cross-ventilation without passing through the kitchen, and the ratio of the bay to the total depth should not be less than 1:2.
3. When there is no entrance garden, the TV wall should face the entrance of the house. When there is an entrance garden, the sofa should face the garden.
4. There is a living balcony on the front/side of the living room, and its depth should not be less than 1500mm.
5. Considering the reasonable arrangement of furniture, the length of the wall on one side of the sofa in the living room should not be less than 3 meters. The side of the floor-to-ceiling window leading to the balcony should have a wall stack with a width of not less than 550mm; try to limit direct openings. Number of guest and restaurant doors.
6. A split air conditioner should be used in a living room with an area of ??18~30m2. The concealed socket should be 200~300mm away from the side wall and the bottom edge should be 2.0~2.2m away from the ground. The diameter of the hole left for the refrigerant pipe through the wall should be 80mm, the center is 2.30m from the ground, and the outward tilt is 2%; living rooms with an area larger than 30m2 should consider placing air-conditioning cabinets. The height of the bottom of the concealed socket is 0.30m. The center of the hole is 250mm from the ground, the diameter is 80mm, and the outward tilt is 2%. %.
7. There are TV sockets on the TV wall in the living room and 4 sets of other electrical sockets; telephone and information sockets are concealed on the sofa wall, and 4 sets of other electrical sockets are concealed; other walls should be 3 meters apart. There are sockets inside; the installation height of the above sockets is 0.30m from the bottom edge to the ground.
8. Set up a ceiling lamp and a concealed switch at the junction with the entrance, with a distance of 1.30m from the bottom edge to the ground.
9. Set up emergency buttons and install them at several corners of the sofa, with a distance of 0.6m from the bottom edge to the ground. The tubes and boxes required for installing infrared detectors are preset, with a distance of 2.30m from the bottom edge of the ground. No equipment is installed. .
Bedroom standard design
1. The size of the bedroom bed should meet the following requirements:
Master bedroom: 1800×2000
Second bedroom Double: 1500×2000
Single in the second bedroom: 1000×2000
Worker’s room: 900×1900
2. The master bedroom of the three-bedroom apartment should not have a separate bay Less than 3.6m, the area should not be less than 16m2, the master bedroom bathroom should not be less than 4.5m2, the master bedroom should be equipped with a walk-in closet, and the wardrobe depth should be 600mm; the area of ??the large secondary bedroom should not be less than 12m2, and the area of ??the other small secondary bedroom should not be less than 8m2.
3. The bedroom door should be a solid plywood door with a door opening of 2100mm high and 900mm wide.
4. A ceiling lamp is installed in the middle of the ceiling of the bedroom and cloakroom, and the switch is concealed at the entrance of the bedroom, with the bottom edge 1.30m away from the ground.
5. Install a TV socket concealed on the wall opposite the bedside, and reserve two sets of other sockets. The installation height is 0.30m from the bottom edge.
6. A network socket is concealed on the wall opposite the bedside of the master bedroom, with a distance of 0.30m from the bottom edge to the ground. A network communication pipe is reserved at the same location in the second bedroom, and no equipment is installed.
7. A telephone socket is concealed behind the bedside table, and two sets of other sockets are reserved on the side wall of the bedside. The installation height is 0.30m from the bottom edge to the ground.
8. Reserve 1 set of sockets on the third wall, with a distance of 0.30m from the bottom edge to the ground.
9. The switch panel is concealed at the bedside, and the distance between the bottom edge and the ground is 0.60m.
10. An emergency button is concealed above the bedside table, with the bottom edge 0.60m away from the ground.
11. The layout of the split air conditioner should avoid direct blowing to the head of the bed. The concealed socket should be 200~300mm away from the side wall, and the bottom edge should be 2.0~2.2m away from the ground. The hole diameter for the refrigerant pipe through the wall should be 80mm, with the center It is 2.2~2.3m away from the ground and tilted outward by 2%.
Kitchen standard design
1. The kitchen area should not be less than 6m2, the opening should not be less than 1.8m when the operating table is arranged on one side, and the opening should not be less than 2.4m when the operating table is arranged on both sides. m.
2. The kitchen should use solid plywood doors with a door opening of 2100mm high and 800mm wide.
3. The kitchen must be equipped with a service balcony.
4. The kitchen must be equipped with the following electrical appliances: range hood (the socket is concealed in the wall cabinet, 2.00m from the bottom to the ground), refrigerator (the socket is concealed, 1.30m from the bottom to the ground), rice cooker (The socket is concealed on the operating table, with a bottom edge of 1.00m from the ground), disinfection cabinet (the socket is concealed under the operating surface, with a bottom edge of 0.50m from the ground), microwave oven (the socket is concealed under the operating surface, with a bottom edge of 0.50m from the floor) 0.50m); 3 sets of spare sockets are reserved in the kitchen, with a bottom edge of 1.00m from the ground; the uniform height of various switch panels is 1.30m from the bottom edge to the ground.
5. The reserved space for the refrigerator should not be less than 800×800mm.
6. The gas alarm is concealed under the stove, with the bottom edge 0.30m away from the ground. Natural gas alarms are installed on the ceiling.
7. If there is a flue in the kitchen, attention should be paid to the plane position of the flue so that the gas pipe entering the house does not go around the flue. At the same time, the flue should not be adjacent to the refrigerator. The minimum hole in the flue should be Please refer to the manufacturer's requirements for dimensions. The flue should be jointed at the floor.
8. The total length of the kitchen worktop should not be less than 2600mm, and the length of each part should meet the following requirements:
9. The kitchen cabinets should be continuous, and the cabinets should be consistent with the height of the kitchen window top , the cabinet design should meet the usage requirements and avoid blocking the windows.
10. The kitchen with a flat door connecting to the service balcony does not have a floor drain. The height difference between the kitchen and the dining room, and the kitchen and the service balcony should be ≮50.
11. The height of the kitchen ceiling is considered to be H-0.40m (H is the floor height).
12. The kitchen should be equipped with a threshold stone as wide as the door frame and 10mm higher than the kitchen floor.
13. Kitchen floor waterproofing methods: omitted here, see the topic of waterproofing materials and construction methods for details.
14. The kitchen drainage pipe is laid on a slope on the floor and connected to the drainage riser on the service balcony.
15. Try to consider the location of weak current boxes in the kitchen.
Standard Design of Bathrooms
1. Bathrooms are generally designed according to the design of lowered slabs, with structural slabs lowered by 350mm, and beams passing through the bathroom should be avoided. When the floor cannot be lowered due to conditions (such as the upper floor of a duplex), a rear-discharge toilet and a side-discharge floor drain should be used.
2. The height of the finished surface of the bathroom ceiling should not be less than 2300mm.
3. The bathroom should use solid plywood doors with a door opening of 2100mm high and 800mm wide.
4. The area of ??the public bathroom should not be less than 3.5m2, and the three sanitary ware can be considered according to the following dimensions: the basin should be equipped with an independent space (550×850×800mm), the shower room (not less than 850×1000mm, and the shower room The center of the shower fixture is 2.15m from the ground, and the height of the shower screen is 1.9m. The screen should avoid excessive overhang, and the lower threshold should be 20mm higher than the ground). ×700mm) ***Same design.
5. The area of ??the master bathroom should not be less than 4.5m2. The four sanitary ware can be considered according to the following sizes: basin (550×850×800mm), bathtub (1500×750×450mm, bathtub equipped with handles, The bottom edge is 700mm from the ground), shower room (not less than 850×1000mm, the center of the shower head fixture is 2.15m from the ground, the shower screen is 1.9m high, and the lower threshold is 20mm higher than the ground), toilet (the headroom is not less than 800×1200mm ); the area of ??the master bathroom of the top-floor duplex residence should not be less than 5m2, and a massage bathtub (1520×1520×600mm) should be considered; combined with the layout of the walk-in closet, the depth of the closet should be 600mm.
6. The bathroom should be equipped with a car-side anti-fog glass mirror (bottom edge 0.9m from the ground), mirror headlight (concealed, center distance 2.15m from the ground), toilet paper box (toilet side, center distance from the box) 0.7m from the floor), towel bar (wash basin side, bottom edge 1.55m from the floor), towel rack (shower side, bottom edge 1.8m from the floor), clothes hook (shower side, bottom edge 1.55m from the floor) , position settings to avoid conflicts with sockets.
7. The upper half of the bathroom window is a fixed fan, and the lower half is a flat fan with long hinges. The exhaust fan is installed on the fixed fan glass, and the socket is installed concealed nearby, with the bottom edge distanced from the floor. 2.30m; the total area of ??the window sash is not less than 0.6m2.
8. The shower room is equipped with a special floor drain, which is located in the lower corner of the shower head. The center of the hole is 150mm away from the wall; the bathroom floor drain is located between the shower room and the toilet; the washing machine uses a special floor drain; floor drain (100×100mm) All are made of P-shaped traps.
9. The center of the toilet outlet is 305mm away from the civil wall.
10. Reserve a hair dryer socket with a splash-proof cover on the side of the wash basin, 1.30m away from the ground.
11. There is a bathtub inspection opening 200×300mm below the bathtub, and the ceramic tiles on the surface are consistent with the bathtub skirt.
12. The horizontal sewage pipes in each bathroom pass through the reserved holes in the outer beams/walls sunk to the ground and are connected to the sewage risers on the exterior walls. Avoid passing the sewage risers into the bathroom interior.
13. Pour C20 plain concrete with a height of 200mm and the same thickness as the wall above the root of the bathroom wall.
14. The bathroom should be equipped with a threshold stone as wide as the door frame and 10mm higher than the bathroom floor.
15. Bathroom waterproofing method: adopt 2-layer waterproofing method. Use 1.2mm thick 911 waterproof coating film on the lowering board, turn it up all around to the finished elevation of the bathroom floor, and use 1.0mm thick polymer cement base on the floor. The waterproof coating film is turned up 300mm along the wall, 650mm upward at the bathtub, 1800mm upward at the shower position, and 300mm wide at the door.
16. When paving non-slip floor tiles on the bathroom floor, from the wall tiles to the ceiling, the positional relationship between various switch panels, access openings, etc. and the joints of the wall tiles should be considered.
17. The wash basin drain pipe is connected with hard pipe threads.
Standard design of aisles
1. The clear width of aisles leading to bedrooms and living rooms should not be less than 1000mm, and the clear width of aisles leading to kitchens, bathrooms, and storage rooms should not be less than 900mm. When the length of the walkway exceeds 4.0m, it should be widened to 1100mm and a set of sockets should be installed concealed with the bottom edge 0.30m away from the ground.
2. The ceiling height of the door openings of each room and corridor on both sides of the corridor should be consistent and uniformly set at 2100mm.
Standard design of storage space
1. The area of ??the storage space should not be less than 2m2, and a lamp position and a socket should be reserved in the independent storage space.
2. The storage space should be located close to the entrance, kitchen or service balcony.
Standard design of balcony terraces
1. Large balconies should be designed according to the reverse beam structure, with shallow water intercepting ditches on the outer three sides.
2. The area of ??the living balcony should not be less than 4.5m2, and wall stacks of not less than 550mm should be left on both sides of the sliding door. First, it can block the rainwater pipes, secondly, it can facilitate the passage of air-conditioning pipes, and thirdly, it can facilitate the placement of furniture in the hall. .
3. The area of ??the service balcony shall not be less than 3.0m2, and the depth shall not be less than 1200mm. Windproof gas water heaters, gas meters, washing machine faucets and mop pool faucets shall be installed on the service balcony. The outdoor unit of the air conditioner shall be in line with the kitchen The windows should be opened in a coordinated and reasonable manner to ensure that the width of the kitchen window sash that can be opened should not be less than 900mm, the height of the window sill should not be less than 1000mm, and the opening method should be conducive to ventilation.
4. If the balconies between two households are close to each other, there should be sight-blocking measures and anti-climbing measures.
5. The height of the track surface of the lower frame of the balcony aluminum alloy sliding door shall not be less than 50mm from the structural floor, which facilitates the installation of wooden floors or stones during decoration. The sliding door track shall be flush with the finished surface of decoration.
6. All wall surfaces at the balcony should be uniformly determined according to the exterior facade. The exterior wall facade should have a plan showing the material practices of each concave surface. The balcony ceiling is painted with exterior anti-mold paint.
7. The upper part of the lower balcony of a duplex residence should have rain protection facilities.
8. The air-conditioning wall pipe should avoid conflict with the rainwater pipe; when the balcony is on the side of the living room, it should be avoided that the bedroom air-conditioning wall pipe crosses the bright spot of the balcony door. Please provide detailed layout diagram.
9. Avoid using the top of the balcony handrail as a platform to prevent falling objects from injuring people.
10. If the roof is used as the upper terrace, a threshold should be added when the terrace is higher than the indoor ground after the waterproof layer and insulation layer is completed to prevent rainwater from pouring into the room.
11. A small awning should be installed at the exit from the room to the terrace to prevent rainwater from entering the room.
12. The staggered balconies on the upper and lower floors should avoid interfering with each other's sight lines.
13. The net height of the balcony guardrail is 1.10/1.15m from the stepable surface (multi-story/small high-rise). The net distance between the vertical poles of the railing should be less than 110mm. The height of the peripheral flange is the same as the finished surface of the balcony. The difference is strictly prohibited to be less than 100mm.
14. When exposed railings are made of steel components, they should be treated with anti-rust finishes in supporting processes, and avoid damaging the anti-rust surface during welding and other processes.
15. Conduct research on manufacturers of balconies, terrace railings, handrails, etc., design and factory-produce them, and assemble them on-site.
16. Each household should have a balcony with sufficient sunlight and a clothes drying rack with a height controlled at 1100mm.
17. Water supply points should be installed on balconies and terraces, and smooth drainage should be fully considered.
Inter-door safety design standards
When the balconies or room windows of two households are close to each other, the partition wall should be extended by 200mm to prevent climbing.
Standard requirements for flexibility in house layouts
1. The living room and adjacent bedrooms should be separable or combined.
2. The master bedroom without a study room should be connected to the adjacent or opposite small bedroom.
3. The possibility of connecting two adjacent small apartments or one large apartment and one small apartment should be considered.
Special standards for residents on the first floor and top floor
Special design for residents on the first floor
1. Access control should be provided at each entrance for residents on the first floor. There is an intercom at the entrance door and a doorbell at the secondary entrance to the garden.
2. Private gardens should be equipped with water supply and drainage facilities, reserved electrical pipes and power sockets with splash-proof covers, with the bottom edge 0.6m away from the ground.
3. Water meter boxes should be avoided in private gardens.
4. The first inspection well for rainwater and sewage should be avoided in private gardens.
5. The area of ??a private garden should be measured on site.
Special design for top-floor residents
1. When the top floor is a duplex, the windows in the living room should be full height, and the upper space of the living room should not expose beams.
2. When the duplex upper bathroom on the top floor is above the lower hall, in order to ensure that the ceiling of the lower hall is flat, the upper bathroom does not lower the board, and uses rear drainage sanitary ware and side drainage floor drains.
3. When the duplex kitchen is not aligned with the standard floor, a horizontal exhaust method can be used instead of a flue.
4. If there is a flue, the outlet should be 3 meters higher than the roof of the private garden roof.
5. The private gardens of top-floor residents should have water supply and drainage, rainproof facilities should be installed at the entrance and exit of the private gardens, and power sockets with splash-proof covers should be reserved.
Air-conditioning related standard design
Air-conditioning shelf design principles
1. Net size of air-conditioning outdoor unit (width × depth × height): 1000 × 600 × 800; 2000×600×800 when the two machines are placed in parallel; rainwater pipes should be avoided from passing through the air-conditioning panel, and the air-conditioning panel should be enlarged when unavoidable.
2. The positioning dimensions of the air conditioning panel should be marked on the floor plan.
3. When there is a rainwater pipe next to the air conditioning panel, the condensate riser pipe and the rainwater pipe are used together. When they are set up independently, they are Φ50PVC pipes, which are generally not buried in advance.
4. The design of air-conditioning shelves should consider ventilation and heat dissipation, and decorative railings should be installed outside the shelves.
5. The design should uniformly consider the relationship between the external pipeline of the air conditioner and the exterior facade and interior decoration, and provide detailed drawings to guide the construction.
Indoor air conditioner design
1. Try to shorten the connection length between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit. If possible, the indoor unit can be directly carried out.
2. Avoid blocking doors and windows with refrigerant pipes.
3. The indoor unit should avoid direct blowing.
4. The indoor camera position should not hinder the arrangement of tall furniture such as wardrobes and bookshelves.
Standard design requirements for doors and windows
1. Doors
(1) Detailed table 5 of door opening dimensions
(2) Household doors should When installing the door, the lower part of the door leaf should be 45mm away from the floor of the rough room to facilitate decoration.
(3) Doors to bedrooms and study rooms should be equipped with door bumpers.
(4) All door openings must be equipped with door stacks, and the stack width should be 100~150mm and not less than 50mm.
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