Fuling/Zhaoling
Fuling is located in Dongling Park in the eastern suburb of Shenyang. It is the mausoleum of the Qing emperor Nurhachi and the filial piety queen Ye Henala. Because it is located in the eastern suburb of Shenyang, it is also called Dongling. Fuling is backed by Tianzhu Mountain, with Hunhe River in front and Lingyun in the main hall, covering an area of194,800 square meters. Fuling's "108 Deng" (108 steps), which symbolizes the highest 36 plows and 72 demons, is an important symbol of Fuling.
Dongling Park is located on Tianzhu Mountain, 20 miles east of Shenyang. It is the tomb of Nurhachi, the founding monarch of the Qing Dynasty, and his empress Xiao Cigao. Together with Zhaoling in Shenyang and Yongling in Xinbin County, it is called "Three Tombs Outside the Pass" and "Three Tombs in Shengjing".
Dongling Park, also known as Fuling, was founded in 1629 (the third year of Tiancong) and was basically completed in 165 1 year. After many constructions during Shunzhi, Kangxi and Qianlong periods in Qing Dynasty, a relatively complete ancient imperial mausoleum complex was formed. It has a history of more than 360 years. In the first year of Chongde (AD 1636), the Qing Dynasty was established and Dingling was named "Fuling". 1929, Fengtian authorities designated Fuling as Dongling Park, 1963 as a key cultural relics protection unit in Liaoning Province, and 1982 as a key cultural relics protection unit in the State Council.
Dongling Park covers a total area of 557.3 hectares, of which the mausoleum covers an area of 19 hectares. The whole mausoleum is backed by Tianzhu Mountain and faces Hunhe River in front. The terrain is getting higher and higher from south to north, the mountains are winding and towering into the clouds, and all over the mountains are crouching. friedensreich hundertwasser is surrounded by loops, and the floors are all bamboo walls and golden tiles. This building is magnificent and solemn.
The architectural pattern of Fuling is long and narrow from north to south because of the low potential before the formation of the mountain. From south to north, it can be divided into three parts: Dahongmen Outer District, Shinto District, Fangcheng District and Baocheng District.
Peripheral area of Dahongmen: The cemetery is surrounded by red walls, with the Zhenghongmen in the middle. It is the main entrance of the mausoleum, and it is a three-intermittent glazed tile roof building with glazed shadow walls on both sides of the door. There are four Ma Xia tablets on the east and west sides of the gate, and the inscriptions on the tablets are carved in five languages: Chinese, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Tibetan. This is a sign that the officials who came to worship in the Qing Dynasty "got off the sedan chair and the military attache dismounted". There is also a stone archway in front of the Ma Xia Monument. The archway is four-column and three-story, and the stone carving is imitated from the wooden structure, with the same style. On both sides of Zheng Hongmen, there is also a China carved watch and two stone lions.
Shinto District: Entering the red gate are three straight shipu tunnels, called "Shen Dao", which extend vertically to the north. The road opposite the Red Gate in the middle of the participating roads is called "Lu Shen". All buildings are symmetrically arranged around the axis. On both sides, there are Tianzhu, Shi Xiangsheng, Huabiao and other teachers between Cangsonghe and Shenqiao and 108 Deng standing here. Starting from here, there is a pavilion of Shen Gong Shengde Monument, which is square, with nine ridges and double eaves, and the cornices are arched. There is a "Qing Shengde Monument" engraved in Manchu and Chinese languages in the pavilion, which praises Mao Nurhachi's great achievements in starting a business for the Great Qing Dynasty.
Fangcheng and Baocheng District: From Long 'en Gate to Baocheng, there are buildings such as Long 'en Hall, East-West Attached Hall, Burning Silk Pavilion, Erzhumen, Shitan, Minglou, Crescent City and Baocheng, which are surrounded by fortified Fangcheng, just like a fortified castle. The Long 'en Hall in the center of Fangcheng is an important place for holding sacrifices. The East Annex Hall is a place to store prayer plates and silk. Xipeidian is the "Dojo" for lamas to recite scriptures and cross over the dead. Crescent City, named after the crescent moon, is a major feature of the Qingling Mausoleum. In the middle of Baocheng is a tall dome called Baoding, which is the heart of Fuling, where the founding emperor Nuerhachi and empress Xiaocigao of the Qing Dynasty are buried.
There is a geomantic red wall around the main building of Fuling, which makes Fuling form the pattern of inner city and outer city. The structure is rigorous and the carving is exquisite, which embodies the excellent tradition and unique style of China ancient architectural art and the high wisdom and creativity of the Chinese nation. In addition, there are thousands of hundred-year-old Gu Song around the mausoleum, which are flourishing and full of vitality. For example, Fuling is decorated as the "Song Bailv Sea" with its evergreen green, which is what people call a living fossil. Looking from a distance, the building of Jinwa red wall has become another characteristic landscape of Fuling.
Since the founding of New China, with the care and support of governments at all levels and the broad masses of the people, Cang Sang Dongling Park has been carefully maintained. Especially since the reform and opening up, while taking various protection and management measures, now, in order to adapt to the new situation of reform and opening up and develop the tourism resources around Fuling, the relevant departments have newly built and built a number of scenic spots near Fuling District, such as Shenyang Botanical Garden, Longtan Fishing, Forest Bath, Xinglin Xiao Chun and Cao Fang. Today, it has become a tourist center integrating historical relics, garden scenery, tourism and holiday, and attracts many tourists with its amazing architectural art, rich historical and cultural connotation and beautiful landscape.
Zhaoling is located in the north of Taishan Road in Huanggu District, in the largest Beiling Park in Shenyang. Zhaoling is the mausoleum of Emperor Taizong's Huang Taiji and Filial Piety's Bolzigit. Because it is located in the north of Shenyang, it is also called Beiling.
Zhaoling is the largest and the largest of the "Three Mausoleums Outside Shanhaiguan" before the Qing Dynasty, covering an area of 4.5 million square meters, which constitutes the main part of Beiling Park. There are East Lake and Youth Lake in the southeast of Beiling Park, and Fangxiu Garden in the southwest. Trees in the north are quiet, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant. The country is lush with trees, and Gu Song is towering into the sky.
Repair project of the treasure roof of Huangtaiji tomb in Zhaoling, Shenyang.
Baoding, the tomb of Huang Taiji in Zhaoling, Shenyang, which is under repair (photo taken on July 29). Shenyang invested 300 million yuan to comprehensively repair the Forbidden City, Ganling and Zhaoling in Shenyang, and to renovate their surrounding environment, so as to restore the historical appearance of "one palace and two tombs" and prepare for the acceptance stage of applying for world cultural heritage. Shenyang Imperial Palace, also known as Shengjing Palace, was built in 1625. It is the only remaining ancient palace complex in China except the Beijing Forbidden City. Fuling, also known as Dongling, is the tomb of Qing Taizu Aixinjue Luo Nurhachi; Zhaoling, also known as Beiling, is the mausoleum of Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty.