What exactly does Tuan Tuan mean? People always have such questions when they hear this place name. When he came to Yuantuan town, the local old man explained the origin of this place name. "It is said that in the Ming Dynasty, due to the lack of salt in traffic jams in Yuan Tuan, private salt was rampant, salt prices remained high, and people complained. A county magistrate erected a monument here to prohibit the sale of private salt, open up a new salt road, ensure the sale of official salt, and eliminate the disadvantages of high price difference of private salt for the people. In order to commemorate the righteous act of Lord Yuan, later generations took' Yuan' as their surname and named the collection' Reunion Group'. "
"Nine Fields of Yuanfeng" records: "There are six towns in Shenxian County: Julie Old County, Cao Dong, Dajian, Qingshui, Peicheng Festival and Yuantuan. Only Qingyang and Tuantuan are left today. " In addition, Jiaqing's "He Fei County Records" also has such a record: "Dianbu River originates from Lisan in the southwest of Yuantuan Town, flows eastward from Yuantuan Bridge to Bali, turns south and enters the fertile water."
"Yuan Tuan has a long history. From the Three Kingdoms, when Zhang Liao was a great city in xiaoyaojin, Cao Cao set up a post station in Yuantuan to station troops and herd horses. During the jubilee of the Southern Song Dynasty, it was named Qingshui Town, the capital of Haozhou. At that time, the regiment was a post station with an important strategic position and was a battleground for military strategists. Therefore, there are usually more than 10,000 troops stationed outside the town, and the town is a bustling commodity distribution center. " Yang Zhongshun, the stationmaster of the former Yuantuan Town Cultural Station, joked that Yuantuan has experienced ups and downs for nearly a thousand years, and folk stories and myths can sink ships and pile up mountains.
"According to the old man, Yuantuan used to be the hometown of goldfish, with excellent feng shui, which can bring happiness, auspiciousness and prosperity to people. As a result, famous monks, businessmen and large families took a fancy to this treasure trove of geomantic omen, and came here one after another, aiming at planting grass, building ancestral temples and temples in Gai Lou. The momentum is magnificent and the scale is huge, which is unprecedented for a time. " Yang Zhongshun said that Yu Jia Ancestral Temple was one of the masterpieces built at that time. Goldfish mascots are carved on the eaves of the ancestral temple, including carp yue longmen, goldfish praying, mermaid and so on. "This also proves that Yuantuan is the hometown of goldfish."
Speaking of the round group in the past, Yang Zhongshun, a local villager, said that the round group once flourished for some time, with Nantou Temple in the south, Sangu Temple in the north, Yunshui Temple in the east, Great Temple in the west, and the magnificent Guandi Temple in the center of the street. "Three days of temple fairs, two days of parties, and four townships and eight miles have come one after another. Really like a wave of pilgrims, people are like the sea, and incense is at its peak. Singing big plays, playing lanterns, boating and dancing lions are very lively. It can be said that' reunion of tiles, transplanting rice seedlings and cutting wheat are all singing operas'. " The historical development of the regiment can be said to be inseparable from the unique Tianhe, which is like a jade belt passing through the streets around the regiment. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao sent heavy troops to Yuantuan, asking soldiers to dig 72 wells and bring domestic water to the people. Up to now, there are still many ancient wells in Yuantuan.
I came to Shiwan Village, Yuantuan Town. According to local people, there is also an ancient well here. In a gazebo, several old people are enjoying the cool leisurely and providing sweet groundwater for the villagers.
This well is more than six feet deep, and there is an altar on it. The deep ditch around the well altar ground by the water rope is still clearly visible. The shaft is surrounded by blue-gray tiles, which gradually extend from top to bottom, and there is a Fiona Fang of five or six meters at the bottom of the well. "As long as I can remember, there is this well here. I heard from the old man that Liu Bowen dug this well here. " Yang Hui, an old man of 7 1 year-old, recalled that because the water was very alkaline, rice porridge had red skin when cooked. "People in our village used to drink this well water. People here have deep feelings for this well. Even if every household has running water now, some people still use this well water to live. "
It is understood that there are also two old wells in Chengdaying Village, Yuantuan Town, which are made of blue bricks and are more than ten feet deep. They are called "old wells" for villagers to drink. An existing one has been buried by the dust of the years. For a long time in history, ancient wells were closely related to the lives of ordinary people. Although it has gradually faded out of people's sight, the older generation still has a lot of memories of Gujing. Although times have changed, ancient well water is no longer a necessity for people, but it carries history and memory and is unforgettable. According to local legend, Qinglong is the land of egrets, similar to the goldfish in Yong ying. Egrets will come to eat goldfish at any time. How to deal with it? So the famous monks got together to study the countermeasures and decided to build a pagoda on the highland on the way from Qinglong to Tuantuan to block the eyes of the egrets and ensure the safety of the goldfish. Later, the tower site was chosen in the original Zhuigang village, and a pagoda was built, called Zhuigang Tower, which was hexagonal and seven stories high and about 20 meters high. Since then, goldfish have been safe and people have lived and worked in peace.
Of course, this is only a legend, but according to local people, this tower does exist. Built in Jingtai period of Ming Dynasty, it was once a landmark building of Yuantuan. Unfortunately, in 194 1 year, the upper four floors were bombed by Japanese invaders, and the lower three floors were demolished to build roads in 1959.
During the visit, I learned that Yuan Tuan also fought a war of resistance during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/938, about a squadron of the Japanese army "swept" from Hefei city to the countryside. After learning this information, Kuomintang 138 Division decided to fight a blocking war near Yuantuan Town, the only way for the Japanese army. 138 division concentrated four platoons and ambushed near Yuantuan town. The Japanese army entered the ambush circle, and the firepower of the four platoons opened fire together, which made the Japanese army dizzy. When the Japanese army calmed down and organized a counterattack, the officers and men of the 4 th platoon of the Kuomintang 138 Division had already withdrawn from their positions. This battle * * * killed more than 20 Japanese soldiers and injured more than 30 people, and won. In Xugaotou Village, Yuantuan Town, Feidong County, I saw at a glance that two persimmons with scattered branches were set up on a blocked pond ridge, and the branches of persimmon trees were dotted with red persimmons. "The tree is 300 years old and belongs to the second-class protected ancient tree." Wang Guibin, the forestry station of this town, said that in June 20 1800, Feidong County allocated funds to each tree 1800 yuan to build guardrails for protection, and from 20 14, the finance allocated funds to each tree for 500 yuan management fees for maintenance.
This 300-year-old persimmon tree is still bearing fruit.
According to the inquiry system of ancient and famous trees in Hefei, there are currently four oldest persimmon trees in Hefei, all of which are 300-year-old secondary trees, of which two are located in Changfeng and two in Feidong. Among them, an ancient persimmon tree located in Xugaotou, Sanhe Village, Yuantuan Town, Feidong County, with bust 150 cm, is the largest ancient persimmon tree in Hefei.
Guardrails with length, width and height of1.5m are built around each persimmon tree. The largest diameter of persimmon tree in the north is over 1 m, and it branches near 1 m. From a distance, it looks like two trees grow side by side. It is the villager Luo who looks at persimmon trees. He is nearly 80 years old this year.
"These two persimmon trees have gone through a lot of hardships. When my great-grandfather was here, both persimmon trees were very old and dying. Later, my great-grandfather picked up the pond mud, cultivated ancient trees and raised the pond ridge, and the two persimmon trees came back to life. " Luo said that in the generation of his grandfather Luo Bangkai, Japanese devils invaded Xugaotou village and tried to cut down two trees for cooking. Under the mediation of Mrs. Luo Bangkai, the Japanese spared the persimmon tree. In 2006, villages and towns leveled the land and almost cut down persimmon trees. Only under the persuasion of the Roche family did they survive. A few years ago, the high-voltage line corridor passed two persimmon trees. For safety reasons, the persimmon tree on the south side was cut off from the thick branches at the mouth of the bowl. Later, the high-voltage line moved 70 to 80 meters eastward, and the persimmon tree was happy. Only half of this persimmon tree near the south is dead.
In the spring of 20 13, Luo and Luo, the owners of persimmon trees, used ropes to pull piles from each other and fix the persimmon trees to resist wind interference. The villagers in Xugaotou Village said that it is really strange to say that persimmon trees that have been around for hundreds of years bear fruit all the year round, and the taste of the fruit is more sweet and delicious. "It's just that the output is not as much as before, and now it's a few hundred pounds." Luo said to.
Four of the seven ancient trees are persimmon trees.
According to the data, there are 2 1 13 ancient and famous trees in Hefei, belonging to 26 families, 40 genera and 45 species. Where 1 14 is persimmon tree. Especially among the ancient trees found in Hefei, more than half are ancient persimmon trees. For example, the ancient persimmon tree in Hefei nursery is tall and short, as if lovers in love stand side by side. Every autumn, persimmons are covered with branches, and people around them gather under the persimmon tree to pick persimmons. Over the years, it has become a unique landscape in the nursery.
In addition, there are 7 ancient trees in Hefei, including 4 persimmon trees, including 58 ancient persimmon trees in the old group of Zhangdian Village Road, Modian Township, Xinzhan District; Three ancient persimmon trees supervised by Li Yuankuan and Li in Zaojia Township, Changfeng County; An ancient tree group composed of Zhulao Formation 1 1 ancient persimmon trees in Zhongxing Township, Feidong County.
It is particularly worth mentioning that three ancient persimmon trees in the Lulao Formation of Zhangdian Village in Modian Township are all over 300 years old. During the Northern Expedition, this ancient persimmon tree group became a landmark for refugees who fled here to avoid killing.
Why are there the most persimmon trees in Hefei?
It is understood that most of the ancient trees in Hefei are ancient oak and ancient persimmon. Except for three ancient Quercus acutissima with a total of 1827 on Zipeng Mountain in Feixi, they are all ancient persimmon trees distributed around Luzhou. These ancient persimmon trees are not only big, but also full of fruits, sweet and delicious today.
According to experts in the industry, persimmon tree has quickly become a native tree species in Hefei. Why can persimmon trees grow so well in Hefei? Why are there so many ancient persimmon trees and ancient persimmon trees in Hefei?
Hu Yimin, a professor at Anhui Academy of Forestry, said in an interview with this reporter that there are many persimmon trees in Hefei, and most of the ancient trees are persimmon trees for three reasons. One reason is that farmers in Hefei have the habit of planting persimmon trees since ancient times, and persimmon trees themselves have the characteristics of long life. In addition, persimmon trees have fewer pests and diseases, and the requirements for the growth environment are not too high.