Choice of location
(1) Ventilation and daylighting: Eco-pigsty generally requires good ventilation and daylighting, which can be opened in the east-west direction, south direction and north-south direction, with sufficient daylighting, good ventilation and clean forests around. Combined with regional planning, the overall epidemic prevention of pig farms is given priority.
(2) Topography: the terrain is high, dry, open and sunny. The underground water level should be below 2 meters, so as to avoid the influence of damp on fermentation.
(3) Because water and electricity don't need to be flushed, water mainly meets the requirements of drinking water for pigs, humidity control of padding, washing of utensils, water for employees, and water for greening. The water quality should meet the standards for human drinking water. The power consumption of pig farms mainly ensures the operation of related facilities and equipment and night lighting.
(4) Pig house layout: single row, double row and multi-row layout are mainly adopted. Multi-row pig farms can adopt the layout of three rows and four rows. The general piggery spacing is 10 ~ 14m.
Basic structure of pigsty
(1) A cement walkway of about 1m and a cement feeding platform with a certain width are arranged in the pigsty, and the fermentation bed is connected with the feeding platform; There is a big ventilation window in the north and south of the wall, and there are vents on the roof and the east and west walls. It is recommended to use automatic feeding trough and automatic water dispenser.
(2) The purpose of setting up cement feeding platform is that pigs can lie on it in summer and high temperature season, so as to reduce the influence of overheating of fermentation bed on pigs; Second, it is beneficial to the limb development of pigs, which is more important for breeding pigs.
Capital construction investment budget of pig farm
(1) The investment in pigsty construction varies with different building materials, and the unit price of pigsty construction is generally around 200 ~ 300 yuan per square meter.
(2) The investment cost of padding varies with different kinds of raw materials and different producing areas. For example, in a pig farm, the final thickness of the pen pad is about 80 cm, and the pad is composed of rice husk, sawdust and rice bran. Each cubic meter of padding contains about 60 kg of rice husk, 70 kg of sawdust (wet 100 kg), 4 kg of rice bran and 0.2 kg of starter. Based on 400 yuan/ton of rice husk, 200 yuan/ton of sawdust and 2000 yuan/ton of rice bran, the cost of padding per cubic meter is 68.4 yuan (including 20 yuan), which is about 55 yuan per square meter.
(3) Equipment purchase and renovation costs At present, there is no systematic finished equipment for the eco-environmental pig raising method, and many equipments need to be renovated by themselves. For example, the cost can be reduced to 60 ~ 75% by transforming the maternity bed and nursery bed. Each set of automatic feeding trough is about 700 yuan, each set of feed transport vehicle and piglet transfer vehicle is about 400 yuan, a set of artificial insemination equipment is 20,000 ~ 40,000 yuan, each set of flame sterilization gun is 1000 yuan, and the pregnancy test stick is about 2,600 yuan.
(4) Construction of facilities and equipment such as land use, office, feed processing and storage, dormitory, water, electricity and roads. Because the situation is different and the cost is different, I won't make a detailed calculation here.
Basic principles of pigsty design
(1) zero mixed group principle. Set up special isolation observation shed (fence, circle). Pigs will be isolated, deworming and epidemic prevention in the isolation shed first, and then they will enter the bedding bed to feed after the observation is stable, so as to ensure that healthy pigs are always kept on the bedding bed.
(2) stocking principle: ensure the full and reasonable use of pens.
(3) According to the grouping principle of pigs of the same age (same weight), pigs at different stages cannot be together.