Song Gaozong Zhao Gou, the ninth son of Zhao Ji of Song Huizong, was born on May 4th of the first year of Daguan (165438+June 2007 12). In August of the same year, he was appointed as Zhao Gou, and was awarded the titles of our military commander, Qiu Jian and Duke of Shu. In the second year of Daguan (1 108), Geng Shen was named King of Guangping County in the first month. In the third year of Xuanhe (1 12 1), Renzi was awarded Kang Wang. Zhao Gou was born smart, knowledgeable and had a strong memory. He can read and recite books with more than 1000 words every day, and learn and remember extensively. Zhao Gou's arm strength is also very strong. According to historical records, he can draw a bow with one stone and five fights (about 200 Jin) (Yue Fei can draw a bow with 300 Jin). [1] During his reign, he reused traitors such as Huang Qian Shan, Wang Boyan, Wang Lun and Qin Gui, persecuted and attacked generals and loyal ministers, but lived frugally.
In the spring of the first year of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 126), Jin Bing was briefly held hostage as a prince in Jinying when he first surrounded Kaifeng. That winter, the nomads from the south invaded again, and he was ordered to send Jin Ying to make peace. In order to avoid being captured by the southern nomads, Zong Ze, the defender, dissuaded him from staying in Cizhou (now Hebei Province). When Jin Bing surrounded Kaifeng again, he was appointed as the commander-in-chief of Hebei military forces (Zhao Gou was called the commander-in-chief of all military forces in the Song Dynasty). Song Ting ordered him to lead military forces from Hebei to save the capital, but he moved to Daming House in Beijing (now Daming House in Hebei Province) and then to Dongping House (now Shandong Province) to avoid the enemy.
Jianyan Du Nan
Song Huizong and Qin Zong were captured by the northern nomads, and they ascended the throne in Yingtianfu (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) on the first day of May the following year, becoming the first emperors in the Southern Song Dynasty. Song Gaozong was the leader of the capitulators in the early Southern Song Dynasty. At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, he was forced to use Li Gang, an anti-Japanese faction, as prime minister, but he soon drove Li Gang away, abandoned the Central Plains with his minions Wang Boyan and Huang Qianshan, and fled from Nanjing to Yangzhou to enjoy life.
In February of lunar calendar 1 129 (the third year of jianyan), an army of nomads attacked Yangzhou. He crossed the river in a panic and went to Hangzhou via Zhenjiang prefecture. Under the pressure of public opinion, he had to recall Wang Boyan, Huang Qian Shan and others.
Miao Fu and Liu Zhengyan took advantage of the sergeant's dissatisfaction with state affairs, launched a mutiny, killed Wang Yuan, a co-signer trusted by the Privy Council of Song Gaozong, and forced Song Gaozong to abdicate, which is known as the Liu Miao mutiny.
Lv Yihao, Zhang Jun, civil servants and military commanders Han Shizhong, Liu Guangshi and Zhang Jun fought for the "diligent king", and Song Gaozong was "restored". He constantly sent envoys to the rulers to beg for surrender, complaining that after he fled to the south, he was "poor, narrow-minded" and "there was no one to follow, and he was anxious to get nothing", demanding that the rulers of the rulers "see Si Qi" and stop marching south. However, we have not made any effective arrangements against the Golden War. In September, nomads from across the river invaded south, and Song Gaozong led his troops to flee south.
In October, I went to Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), then fled to Mingzhou (now Ningbo, Zhejiang), and from Mingzhou to Dinghai (now Zhoushan, Zhejiang), drifted to the sea and fled to Wenzhou (now Zhejiang).
It was not until Xia Jinbing left Jiangnan four years ago that he returned to Shaoxing (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) and Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province). Later, the Southern Song Dynasty designated Lin 'an as a trip.
Nomads from the nomads stopped invading south, and Song Gaozong deployed elite soldiers to suppress peasant rebels and bandits in Jinghu, Jiangxi and Fujian, thus consolidating its rule. Although he made some arrangements for the nomads from the defense, and appointed Yue Fei, Han Shizhong, Wu Jun, Liu Guangshi, Zhang Jun and others to be responsible for the defense of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, he only used military deployment as a bargaining chip and never intended to recover lost ground. He reused Qin Gui, who was sent by the rulers to lure him into surrender in the Southern Song Dynasty, as prime minister, and stepped up his surrender activities with Qin Gui, trying to suppress the demands of generals such as Yue Fei for resisting gold.
When Song Jun from all walks of life won the Shaoxing Ten-year (1 140) Gold War, Song Gaozong was worried that the generals' achievements were too great to fail, and he was afraid that he would have to abdicate after welcoming Qin Zong, so he ordered Song Jun from all walks of life to dispatch troops, which destroyed the good situation of the anti-gold struggle.
Humiliation and peace
In the 11th year of Shaoxing (AD 1 14 1), generals such as Yue Fei and Han Shizhong were relieved of their military power, and they expressed their determination to make peace with the rulers. Soon, he and Yue Fei's father and son rebelled unjustly and killed them on charges of "unwarranted", so they signed a humiliating and surrendering Shaoxing Peace Conference with the rulers and paid tribute to Jin in exchange for Jin's recognition of his sovereignty in the south of Huaihe River and the Big Three Pass. 1 1 After the signing of the peace talks, according to the rules of the rulers, Qin Gui actually became the prime minister for life. Although Song Gaozong became more and more suspicious of him, he still indulged his autocratic hegemony, repelled and cracked down on civil servants who advocated the war of resistance. Even after Qin Gui's death, Song Gaozong still appointed traitors such as Wan Sixie and Tang Shitui to take charge of the government, and insisted on the terms of peace talks with Kim. Every year, in addition to paying 252,000 yuan in tribute and 250,000 silks, there are also "tens of thousands" of gifts for the gold ruler He Ji's birthday. As long as the ruler asked for a good fight, Song Gaozong immediately ordered someone to search. For the people in their ruling areas, they used all kinds of excuses to strengthen the search, which made the tax items in the Southern Song Dynasty more than those in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the exploitation was more cruel.
In the autumn of the 31st year of Shaoxing (A.D. 1 16 1), Wan Yanliang, the king of Jin Hailing, invaded south on a large scale, and Song Gaozong tried to escape from Lin 'an House. King Jin Hailing failed to cross the river and was killed by his men (see Quarrying Battle). Send messengers to congratulate him on his accession to the throne and prepare to get back together with Kim. After being emperor for thirty-six years, Song Gaozong passed the throne to his adopted son Zhao Shen in June of 1 162 (the thirty-second year of Shaoxing) for the sake of Song Xiaozong. He called himself the emperor's father.
Old age life
After Zhao Gou abdicated, he claimed that he would no longer ask about state affairs, but actually intervened in some political affairs. One day, he went to Lingyin Temple Cold Spring Pavilion for tea, and a walker took good care of him. He looked at Monkey and said, "I don't think you look like Monkey." Monkey cried, "I was a county magistrate, so I offended the supervisor and was framed as Shu Ren. In order to make a living, I have to come here to visit relatives and do such rough work. " Zhao Gou immediately said, "I will explain to the emperor for you tomorrow." I really told the emperor about the consequences of returning to the palace and wanted him to be reinstated. A few days later, he came to Lengquan Pavilion again and found Monkey still there. When he returned to the palace, he frowned at the party. Filial piety carefully asked Zhao Gou why he was angry. Zhao Gou said, "I'm old and nobody listens. I told you about the monkey a few days ago. Why not deal with it? " Xiaozong replied, "I told the Prime Minister yesterday. When the Prime Minister checked, he said that this man was insatiable and perverted the law. It is very lenient to be able to avoid his death, and it is really impossible to be reinstated. " Zhao Gou ignored all this and said, "How can I meet people again? I have promised him to plead with you. " Filial piety had to say to the Prime Minister, "The Emperor lost his temper. Even if that man commits murder, you have to reinstate him. " The Prime Minister had to comply.
Politically groggy, but good at calligraphy, good at cursive script, free and easy brushwork, beautiful and natural, won the charm of Jin people. Tao's Book History Society in Ming Dynasty said: "If you are good at cursive writing, God can make it wonderful." His calligraphy influenced and promoted the calligraphy of the Southern Song Dynasty, and later generations imitated his calligraphy.
In the fourteenth year of Xichun (1187165438+10/9)10/day, Zhao Gou died at the Palace of Deshou in Lin 'an at the age of 8 1 year. After the death of Zhao Gou, the coffin was not buried until the 16th year of Xichun (1 189), and was buried in Yongsiling, Huiji County, the capital of Shaoxing. In the second year of Shaoxi, Song Guangzong (1 19 1), posthumous title was the emperor Xiao Xian of Wen Zhaoren, SHEN WOO, and he made all the contributions to the rejuvenation.