There is a courtyard in the east and west of Ruzhou Gong Xue, with orderly architectural layout and obvious central axis. There are mainly Civilization Square, Dacheng Hall and Seven Holy Palaces. In addition, there are halls such as Minglun Hall, Dacheng Square, Minghuan Hall and Xiangxian Hall 1 16.
Civilization Square is 3 rooms wide and 6.3 meters deep. It is a veranda-style gable building and a classroom for ancient students in Gong Xue, Ruzhou.
Dacheng Hall is the largest and most important building in Gong Xue, Ruzhou, to commemorate Confucius, the founder of Confucianism. The name "Dacheng" comes from Mencius, which means that Confucius sorted out the knowledge from the three dynasties to the Duke of Zhou, deleted poetry books, ordered rituals and music, praised Zhouyi and revised Chunqiu, and was a scholar who summarized Dacheng.
Dacheng Hall is a single-eaved hall, with 5 rooms wide, 2 rooms deep and 8 meters deep. The width of the bay is 4.38 meters, the width of the east-west room is 3.35 meters, and the width of the east-west tip is 3. 1 meter. It is a symbol of power.
The architectural style of Dacheng Hall is single eaves, with 5 rooms wide and a depth of10m. The palace with single eaves, single eaves and single eaves is second only to the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City. During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, the emperor allowed the Confucius Temple to use all yellow glazed tiles and "trim the edges" with green glazed tiles, which reflected the noble rank and status of Confucius.
This high platform is called an altar or altar, and it is a place for offering sacrifices and singing and dancing. In the Qing dynasty, according to the emperor's decree, Confucius' achievements were celebrated by performing music and dancing. In ancient times, there were strict regulations on the height of the pedestal: the emperor was 9 feet, the vassal was 7 feet, the doctor was 5 feet, the scholar was 3 feet, and one foot was about 20 cm. This step is close to the ancient princes.
The animals arranged on the roof are called "wild animals" or "cornered", which are evolved from the tile nails that fix the eaves tiles. Later, in the process of beautifying the nail hat, various animal images were formed as decorative buildings and symbol grades. The more the number, the higher the level, and there are ten luck and six luck to Dacheng Hall.
The wooden structure between the roof and the wall is called a bucket arch, which is a unique structure of ancient buildings in China. The square is a bucket and the arch is an arch, which is used to support and decorate the building. The higher the level, the higher the number of floors and the more complicated the production.
As an artistic decoration, the stone lion is the guardian god, and it can also show the nobility of the owner's identity. Generally, the lion on the east side of the gate steps on the hydrangea, commonly known as "the lion rolls the hydrangea", and the lion on the west side caresses a young lion under his feet, which means that future generations are prosperous, commonly known as "too many lions and few lions".
The number of bristles on the lion's head symbolizes the rank on the cover. There are 13 lions in front of Yipin Guan, which is called Thirteen Pacific Dogs. Lions are not allowed to be placed below the seven-grade official, and Confucius is higher than the first-grade official. The front of the lion base is carved with bottles, plates and three halberds, symbolizing the three-level elevation, while the right side is carved with peony and pine and cypress, symbolizing the prosperity of Changchun, and the left and right sides are carved with Four Treasures of the Study, symbolizing the literary grace and romantic style, while the back is carved with it.
Carve Tai Chi gossip, symbolizing the exorcism of the town demon.
There is a statue of Confucius in the center of Dacheng Hall, wearing twelve crowns, twelve royal clothes and holding a jade laurel, which is the image of Confucius being deified by people. As a politician, thinker and educator in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius founded Confucian benevolence all his life, which not only consolidated the ruling foundation of feudal society, but also left valuable spiritual wealth and important cultural heritage for the Chinese nation.
There is a plaque on the statue with the inscription of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. Emperor Kangxi went to Qufu to offer sacrifices in 1684, and specially wrote a book "Model for All Generations", which implied that Confucius would always be the master of the world and a model for future generations to learn. And ordered Confucius temples all over the country to carve inscriptions into plaques and hang them in Dacheng Hall. Gong Xue in Ruzhou is the first party awarded Confucius Temple by Emperor Kangxi.
The left and right sides of the statue of Confucius are dedicated to "four pairs", namely Yan Hui, Zeng Shen, Kong Ji and Monk. They are all accomplished scholars who have developed Confucianism.
There is a log on the roof of Dacheng Hall, which is called a girder or beam. It is one of the main parts of the skeleton in traditional wooden buildings in China, bearing the load of the whole building, and the wall only plays the role of enclosure and separation, so the ancient buildings in China can not fall down.
There are two dragon play beads painted in the sunken part of the ceiling of Dacheng Hall, which are called algae wells. It contains the meaning of replacing fire with water in Chinese wind water, and is used to prevent fires. The words "Reconstruction in the 16th year of Qing Jiaqing" are engraved in the middle, indicating that the last reconstruction time of this temple was 18 1 1 year.
Qi Sheng Palace is a place where Confucius' father is enshrined in the Confucius Temple. It is a hard mountain building with a single eaves. Later, people renovated Gong Xue in Ruzhou, and rebuilt Minglun Hall and Xiangxian Temple, which were basically buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The layout of the whole building complex is reasonable and basically intact.