/i?tn=baiduimage&ct=201326592&lm=-1&cl=2&word=%D6%D0%B9%FA%C3%FB%CA%A4%B9%C5%BC%A3%CD%BC% C6%AC%BC%AF&t=3
Introduction to Qinshihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum
Qinshihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum is located in the east of Lintong County, 37 kilometers away from Xi'an, with Li Mountain to the south and Weishui River to the north. , majestic and majestic, is a key cultural relic protection unit in the country.
Qin Shihuang was the first emperor in Chinese history. He had the great cause of unifying China, but he also committed the crime of burning books and humiliating Confucian scholars. Historians are still debating the merits and demerits of this emperor. endless topic. He was keen in thought, fruitful in behavior, fond of great achievements, and skilled in power. At the same time, he was cruel, cruel, ruthless, willful, and extravagant. All these made Qin Shihuang full of mystery for thousands of years.
In 1974, villagers in Lintong District, Xi'an City discovered large and small remnants of figurines while digging a well. As a result, the political, economic, cultural, and military conditions of Qin Shihuang's period were gradually revealed to the world. The grand Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum was grandly opened on National Day in 1979. After the rare Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum opened, it quickly became a sensation at home and abroad. It was hailed as the "eighth wonder of the world" and one of the most important archaeological discoveries in contemporary times. The Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses amazed the audience with their huge scale, majestic scenes, and superb scientific and artistic levels. The ancient city of Xi'an has quickly become one of the most important tourist cities in my country thanks to the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum. Domestic and foreign tourists come here in droves. Most of the foreign heads of state and other distinguished guests who visit our country must include a visit to the Terracotta Warriors and Horses on their agenda. So far, the Qin Terracotta Warriors Museum has received more than 40 million tourists from home and abroad, including more than 4 million foreign guests, more than 100 foreign heads of government VIPs, and more than 250 prime ministers. Famous ones include US Presidents Reagan and Clinton, French Presidents Mitterrand and Chirac, British Queen Elizabeth II, German President Terzok and Prime Minister Kohl, Japanese Prime Ministers Noboru Takeshita, Tomiichi Murayama and Emperor Akihito, and Singapore Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew. , United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, etc., there are too many to count.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses pit is about 1 and a half kilometers east of the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang. There are three pits No. 1, 2 and 3. Pit No. 1 was discovered by local farmers while digging a well. Later, pits No. 2 and No. 3 were discovered through drilling. Pit No. 1 is the largest, 230 meters long from east to west and 612 meters wide, with a total area of ??14,260 square meters. There are about 6,000 life-size pottery figurines buried in this pit, and more than 1,000 have been cleared so far. It is truly incredible to discover such large, numerous, and lifelike pottery figurines underground.
Pit No. 1 is the largest, with a depth of 5 meters and an area of ??14,260 square meters. There are more than 6,000 potters and horses in the pit, arranged in a circular square array in an orderly manner. At the east end of the pit, there are three horizontal rows of warrior figurines, holding long-range weapons such as bows and crossbows, which seem to be a vanguard force. Behind them is the main force composed of 6,000 armored figurines, holding spears, halberds and other long weapons, fighting with 35 horses. Cars are arranged in 38 columns in 11 passages. rearguard units on the north and south flanks. This majestic underground military formation is an artistic representation of Qin Shihuang's million-strong army that swept through Liuhe.
The No. 2 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit has a curved plane and an area of ??6,000 square meters. It is a large military formation facing east from the west and composed of cavalry, infantry, crossbowmen and chariots. It can be roughly divided into four relatively independent units: the phalanx of crossbow warriors, the phalanx of four-horse chariots, the mixed rectangular array of chariots, infantry and cavalry, and the phalanx of cavalry warriors. There are more than 1,300 pottery figurines and horses, more than 80 chariots, and a large number of metal weapons.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit No. 3 has a concave shape in plan and covers an area of ??about 520 square meters. It is an organic whole with Pit No. 1 and Pit 2. It seems to be the headquarters of the three armies. 68 terracotta warriors and horses were unearthed. 4 horses and 1 cart.
This batch of terracotta warriors and horses has high value in the history of art. The creation of the terracotta warriors and horses is based on real life, and the artistic techniques are delicate and bright. The costumes and expressions of the pottery figurines are different. There are many different hairstyles, different gestures, and different facial expressions. From their clothing, expressions and gestures, you can tell whether they are officers or soldiers, infantry or cavalry.
There are bearded veterans who have been on the battlefield for a long time, as well as young people who are new to the battlefield. The 1.96-meter-tall general statue stands majestically upright, contemplating, and showing a resolute and mighty look. The warrior figurine raised its head slightly and stared straight ahead, looking high-spirited and a bit childish. The warrior wearing armor, holding a spear in his right hand, and pressing the chariot with his left hand, his posture and movements show that he is a chariot warrior guarding the car. In short, the pottery figurines have distinct personalities and strong characteristics of the times. These terracotta warriors and horses are a treasure house of sculpture art, adding luster to the splendid ancient culture of the Chinese nation and adding a glorious page to the history of world art. The bronze weapons unearthed in the Terracotta Warriors and Horses pit include swords, spears, halberds, scimitars, as well as a large number of crossbows, arrowheads, etc. According to laboratory data, these copper-tin alloy weapons have been chromium-treated. Although they have been buried in the soil for more than two thousand years, they are still sharp and gleaming. This shows that high metallurgical technology was already available at that time and can be regarded as a milestone in the history of world metallurgy. Miracle.
The Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses provide a wealth of physical data for the study of the military, culture and economy of the Qin Dynasty. Its excavation has been hailed as "one of the great discoveries in the archaeological history of the twentieth century." In December 1987, UNESCO included the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang (including the Qin Terracotta Warriors Pit) on the World Cultural Heritage List. It is understood that with the support of the central and local governments, it is planned to invest 200 million yuan in the second phase expansion project of the Qin Terracotta Warriors Museum.
When you walk into the Terracotta Warriors and Horses exhibition hall, you will definitely be amazed by this underground army two thousand years ago. The war horses neigh and a fierce battle is about to take place. This is the great charm of classical realism. It shows the world an important page in the history of Chinese art that has been hidden for more than two thousand years. To a certain extent, it can be said that "the ancients have never been seen before, and the newcomers have never been seen since".
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses are a treasure house of art in ancient my country and the perfect embodiment of the Qin Dynasty's realistic art. They are tall in shape, well-proportioned, vivid in image, and lifelike in expression. They can be described as thousands of people with thousands of faces, lifelike. The mighty and majestic military formation reproduces the military exploits and power displayed by Qin Shihuang in order to complete the great cause of unifying China. It can be said to be a unique pearl. It has attracted global attention and shocked the world because it has a majestic underground army composed of more than 7,000 terracotta warriors and horses from the Qin Empire more than 2,000 years ago. . The terracotta warriors and horses have distinct personalities and strong characteristics of the times. These terracotta warriors and horses are a treasure house of sculpture art, adding luster to the splendid ancient culture of the Chinese nation and adding a glorious page to the history of world art.
In 1980, two large-scale painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed on the west side of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum, each with four horses in front and an imperial official figurine on each vehicle. The bronze chariots and horses are lifelike in shape and gorgeously decorated. The harness and harness are made of gold and silver. They are so exquisitely made that they have been designated as national treasures. Various tourist supporting facilities in the museum area are increasingly improving, including restaurants, shops, parking lots, surround-screen movies, photo studios and toilet facilities for foreign guests. It takes more than 30 minutes to travel from Xi'an to the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shi Huang along the Xi (An) Lin (Tong) Expressway.
The Qin Shi Huang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum is the largest ancient military museum in China. The formation of terracotta warriors became a sensation around the world after it was excavated and opened to the public. In 1978, former French Prime Minister Chirac said after visiting: "There are seven wonders in the world, and the discovery of the Qin Terracotta Warriors can be said to be the eight wonders. If you don't see the pyramids, you don't have a visit to Egypt, and if you don't see the Qin Terracotta Warriors, you don't have a visit. China. "The Qin Terracotta Warriors have been hailed as the eighth wonder of the world"
Xi'an Huaqing Pool Scenic Area
The Huaqing Pool is located on the former site of the Tang Huaqing Palace at the northern foot of Lishan Mountain in the south of Lintong County. It is 30 kilometers away from Xi'an. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a famous tourist attraction.
Huaqing Pool has a long history. It is said that the Li Palace was built here in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Shiyu's name was Tangquan Palace. In the sixth year of Emperor Xuanzong's Tianbao reign (747), it was greatly expanded. The Tangjing was transformed into a pond, and a palace was built around the mountain. It was renamed "Huaqing Palace" because it was located above the hot spring. "Huaqing Pool". In the 15th year of Tianbao (756), Anlushan rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, and the Huaqing Palace, which was at its peak, was destroyed by fire. Most of the existing buildings in Huaqing Pool were built during the Qing Dynasty and the liberation of 1958. After repairs and expansions, new attractions such as the Forest of Chinese and Foreign Friendship Calligraphy Steles, the Ceramic Art Museum of Three Hundred Tang Poems, and the Liyuan Palace were added, and tourist service facilities such as a new bathhouse, Huaqing Pool Hotel, and Lishan Cableway were built.
In 1982, the Yutang Site Museum of Huaqingchi in Tang Dynasty was excavated, which consists of Yutang, Guifei Tang, Xingchen Tang, Shangshi Tang and Prince Tang. The protected building on the Guifei Pool site has a square vault, and several other buildings are rectangular palace buildings.
Huaqing Pool was built on the former site of Huaqing Palace in the Tang Dynasty. It is adjacent to Lishan Mountain in the south, Weishui River in the north and 30 kilometers away from Xi'an in the east. It is a tourist attraction well-known at home and abroad. Huaqing Pool is a hot spring bath in the Huaqing Palace of the Tang Dynasty. It is famous for its hot springs and beautiful scenery. According to legend, King Zhou You once built the Li Palace here, and Qin Shihuang built a stone chamber named "Goddess Hot Spring". During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Li Palace was expanded. In the Tang Dynasty, large-scale expansion was carried out, especially during the Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the palaces and pavilions built were even more luxurious. , developed the hot spring into a pool and placed the pool in the palace. The name was "Huaqing Palace". Because the palace was built on the hot spring, it was named "Huaqing Pool".
Huaqing Pool is a tourist attraction with a history of 6,000 years and is well-known at home and abroad. It is listed as a national key scenic spot protection zone. Closely adhering to the geographical advantages of Gyeonggi Province, the beautiful scenery of Lishan Mountain and the naturally created natural hot springs, the emperors who established their capitals in Xi'an in the past dynasties were particularly fond of this geomantic treasure.
In Jiulong Lake District, there are Longqiao lying on the waves, willow stone banks, clear springs, sparkling lakes, Feixia Hall, Chenxiang Hall, Yichun Hall, Longyin Pavilion, Longshifang, Jiuqu Corridor, etc. More than a dozen ancient-style buildings with carved beams and painted beams, resplendent in beauty, are arranged in a well-proportioned pattern around the lake. Stone cows, stone lions, stone elephants and natural monuments decorate the period and complement each other. When visitors come here, they feel relaxed and happy, and it is difficult to distinguish between heaven and earth.
The Huan Garden is the hometown of Huaqing Pool, with Lotus Pavilion, Wanghu Tower, Feihong Bridge, Wanghe Pavilion, Feixia Hall, Tongyin Pavilion, Chess Pavilion, Stele Pavilion and the place where Chiang Kai-shek stayed during the Xi'an Incident. During the five halls, after a century of wind and rain, the ring garden is more simple and elegant. The Tang Huaqing Palace Yutang Site Museum was built in 1990. You can wander among the Lotus Soup, Begonia Soup, Xingchen Soup, Shangshi Soup and other sites. The time not only reminds people of the beauty of Concubine Yang who "bathed in the Huaqing Pool in the cold spring, and the hot spring water washed away the fat", but also took a rest at the site of the Liyuan of the Tang Dynasty. You can also enjoy the beautiful Tang Dynasty music and dance and the Tang court tea ceremony performance with complete facilities and excellent services. The hot spring hotel is waiting for guests.
The central area is the Tang Huaqing Palace Yutang Site Museum. There are Lotus Soup, Begonia Soup, Prince Soup, Shangshi Soup, Xingchen Soup, cultural relics exhibition room, and emperor-level bathhouse. Medicinal Bath. It is said that Concubine Yang’s ability to win “three thousand favors” for a long time and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to be still suave in his sixties or seventies are closely related to the long-term medicinal bathing in Huaqing Palace. There are Jiulong Lake and Feixia Palace in the West District. There is also a large mural of "Yang Yuhuan Fengzhao Hot Spring Palace"
Through archaeological excavations in recent years, the ruins of the Tang Liyuan were discovered within the protection area of ??the Huaqing Palace of the Tang Dynasty, and the "Lotus Soup" (imperial soup) and At the same time, Neolithic clay pottery fragments from the Tang and Han Dynasties were discovered under the cultural layers of the Tang and Han Dynasties, including five royal soup pool sites, providing precious objects for studying the history of Huaqing Pool.
The east area of ??Huaqing Pool covers an area of ??85,560 square meters. There is a gold plaque inscribed "Huaqing Pool" written by Guo Moruo. There are Lotus Pavilion, Feixia Pavilion and Wujian Hall (Chiang Kai-shek lived here during the Xi'an Incident). ) and other buildings, among which the "Hot Spring Ode Stele" on the stone wall of the hot spring is a masterpiece in the treasure house of stele art in my country. The central area is the Tang Hua Qing Palace Yutang Site Museum. There are Lotus Soup, Begonia Soup, Prince Soup, Shangshi Soup, Xingchen Soup and Cultural Relics Exhibition Room. In the west area there are Jiulong Lake, Feixia Palace, and the large mural "Yang Yuhuan Fengzhao Hot Spring Palace". This painting is composed of 90 pieces of white marble, 9.15 meters long and 3.6 meters high, describing the second chapter of Kaiyuan Dynasty. The scene when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty summoned Yang Yuhuan for the first time in the Lishan Hot Spring Palace.
The hot springs of Huaqing Pool are very famous. It is also said that "spring cold brings bathing in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water washes away the fat". Huaqing Pool now has four springs, with a total flow of more than 110 tons per hour. The water temperature is 43 degrees all year round, which is suitable for bathing and recuperation, and can cure rheumatism. disease, joint pain, skin diseases, indigestion and other diseases. There are now two palace-style bathrooms with more than 20 men's and women's baths, including single pools, double pools, and family pools, which can accommodate more than 100 people at the same time. /p>
Yan'an Huangdi Mausoleum Scenic Area
The Yellow Emperor's Mausoleum is located on the top of Qiaoshan in the north of Huangling County, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province. The Yellow Emperor was a great tribal leader at the end of my country's primitive society. Gongsun was named Ji because he grew up in Jishui.
He once lived in Xuanyuan Qiu (now Xuanyuan Qiu, Xinzheng County, Henan Province) and named him Xuanyuan. His ancestral home is Xiong, so his nickname is Xiong. And because he respected the virtues of soil and the soil was yellow, he was called the Yellow Emperor. Huangdi was born in Shouqiu, Shandong, died in Jingshan, Henan, and was buried in Qiaoshan, Shaanxi. Huangdi is recorded in history as the first person to unify the Chinese nation. He sown crops and plants, vigorously developed production, created writing, started to make clothes, built boats and carts, invented compasses, established arithmetic, made music, created medicine, etc. He was the ancestor of the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.
The Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor is located in Qiaoshan, surrounded by Jushui and mountains, with towering ancient cypresses, green all year round, and an elegant environment. There is a road at the bottom of the mountain that leads to the top of the mountain and to the front of the mausoleum. The tall stone tablet in the center of the memorial pavilion is engraved with the three characters "Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor" inscribed by Guo Moruo. A stone tablet behind the memorial pavilion has the four characters "Qiaoshan Dragon Yu" written on it. The Yellow Emperor's Mausoleum is located in the middle of the top of the mountain. The tomb is 3.6 meters high and 48 meters in circumference. There is a high platform tens of meters in front of the mausoleum. According to legend, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty worshiped the Yellow Emperor and built a platform to pray on the mountain here after he conquered Shuo Fang, so it was called "Hanwu Immortal Platform".
The Huangdi Temple is square in shape, with the temple gate facing south and majestic. The three words "Xuanyuan Temple" are written in large letters on the forehead. There is a main hall in the temple, and a large plaque with the four characters "The First Ancestor of Humanity" is hung on the door. In the middle of the main hall is a huge tablet of the Yellow Emperor, with the inscription "Xuanyuan as the Yellow Emperor". The "Cypress Planted by the Yellow Emperor's Hands" in the temple is said to have been planted by the Yellow Emperor himself, more than 4,000 years ago. The giant cypress is 19 meters high and has a circumference of 10 meters below the trunk. There is a proverb saying that it has "seven floors with eight and a half towers, and the Geli Geta Tower is not included." It is known as the father of cypress trees in the world. There is another tall cypress, which is said to be the "Guajia Cypress" of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, also known as the "General Cypress". There is a stele pavilion in the temple, which contains about 50 steles. The contents are mainly "imperial sacrificial texts" of emperors of the past dynasties and records of the repairs of the mausoleum and temple in the past dynasties.
Since ancient times, there have been eight sceneries in the area around the Yellow Emperor's Mausoleum: Night Moon on Qiaoshan, Autumn Wind on Jushui, Yellow Flowers on Huanggu, Pure Snow on Beiyan, Dawn Mist on Longwan, Spring Smoke on Fengling, Hanwu Immortal Platform, and Xuanyuan Ancient Temple. , among which Xuanyuan Ancient Temple is the most scenic place in Qiaoshan.
The Yellow Emperor’s Mausoleum is the mausoleum of Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation. It is known as the first mausoleum in China. For thousands of years, during the Qingming Festival, an endless stream of people come here to pay homage to the mausoleum.
A Dictionary of Three Hundred Love Poems/Compiled by Gong Yunwei, 2006
Appreciation of Poems, Songs and Fu/Ye Shufa, edited by Du Huaping, 2006
Old Poetry Today: Zhong Anthology of Ancient Chinese Poems and Songs for Primary Schools/Compiled by Wang Zhixin, 2006
Selected Chinese Poems from the Tang and Five Dynasties/Editor-in-Chief Lin Geng, 2006
Calligrapher’s Tips: Traditional Festival Poems/Xizi, Edited by Wang Zhimin, 2006
From Poetry to Poetry: English Translation of Ancient Chinese Poetry/Translated by Ren Zhiji and Yu Zheng, 2006
Gu Sui’s Notes on Poetry/Gu Sui’s Notes; Ye Jiaying’s Notes, 2006
Fengya Paidaicun/Compiled by CCTV's "Hundred Schools Forum" column, 2006
Beauty is like jade and sword is like a rainbow/Compiled by Sun Tao, 2006
Ci of Chu /Liu Yuping, recited by Wang Jian, 2006
Original Poems/Liu Yuping, recited by Wang Jian, 2006
Selected Chinese Poems from the Past Dynasties: Pre-Qin to Sui Dynasty/Editor-in-Chief Lin Geng, 2006
Poems on Plum, Orchid, Bamboo and Chrysanthemum/Edited by Ma Chengzhi, 2006
History of Research on Ancient Chinese Literature in the 20th Century·Poetry Volume/Editor-in-Chief Huang Lin; Authored by Yang Lierong, 2006
< p>Reciting China. Primary School Volume. Classical Part/Compiled by the Editorial Department of Zhonghua Book Company, 2006Translation and Annotation of "Shipin"/[Nanchaoliang] Zhong Rong; Translation and Annotation by Zhou Zhenfu, 2006
Sources of Ancient Poetry/Annotations by Zhu Quan, Fu Yingyi, and Xiong Rong, 2006
Appreciation of Tea Poems, Songs, Songs and Fu/Edited and Annotated by Li Mosen, 2006
Reading China·Classical Section·Junior High School Volume/Compiled by the Editorial Department of Zhonghua Book Company, 2006
Poems of a Thousand Family/Recited by Liu Yuping and Wang Jian, 2006
The Lifestyle and Poetic Characteristics of Ancient Chinese Literati/Written by Dai Wujun, 2006
Mo Li Feng’s Poetry/Written by Mo Li Feng, 2006
Hundred Ancient Chinese Poems Commented by Wang Guowei/Edited by Zhang Hong and Yu Jia, 2006
Can’t Ups and Downs An Autumn Wind/Compiled by Sun Tao, 2006
Enlightenment of Rhythm · Rhymes between Li and Weng/Recited by Liu Yuping and Wang Jian, 2006
Poetic Architecture: Appreciation of Poetry and Essays on Famous Ancient Chinese Buildings = Ancient Chinese poetry appreciation of the construction/Edited by Ma Luhe, Zhai Ruixiang, Liu Zixian, 2006
Cultural deduction of Confucius’ poetic theory/written by Xiao Bing, 2006
Student version of ancient poetry learning dictionary / Editor-in-Chief Liu Qi, 2006
The Poetics of Shen Yun / Written by Wang Xiaoshu, 2006
Hong En Ancient Poetry Prodigy / Beijing Hong En Education Technology Co., Ltd. [Editor], 2006
China A collection of annotations on famous classical poems/composed by Huang Nianran, Hu Lixin, and Guan Chunlei, 2006
Reading China·High School Volume·Classical Section/Compiled by the Editorial Department of Zhonghua Book Company, 2006
Lyricism and Description: An Introduction to the Poetry of the Six Dynasties/Written by Sun Kangyi; Translated by Zhong Zhenzhen, 2006
Reading China·Classical Section·College Volume/Compiled by the Editorial Department of Zhonghua Book Company, 2006
Reading China·Junior High School Volume ·Modern and contemporary part/edited by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company, 2006