Yongding Tulou, namely Yongding Hakka Tulou, located in Yongding County, Longyan City, southwest Fujian Province, is a wonderful work of ancient architecture in China. The facilities layout of Yongding Tulou not only bears the imprint of Suzhou gardens, but also has the characteristics of ancient Greek architecture, which is a model of combining Chinese and Western cultures. There are more than 20,000 earth buildings in Yongding, covering an area of more than 2,200 square kilometers, including nearly 5,000 large buildings with more than three floors and more than 360 circular buildings, including about 1/3 earth buildings before the Qing Dynasty and nearly 3,000 representative earth buildings.
Yongding Earth Building is divided into five types: Phoenix Building, Square Building and Round Building. Yongding Tulou is a wonderful work of ancient architecture in China, which shows the wisdom of Hakkas. It has many functions such as earthquake prevention, fire prevention, defense, good ventilation and lighting, warm in winter and cool in summer. The structure of Yongding Tulou also embodies the tradition of unity and friendship handed down from generation to generation by Hakkas. In Yongding Tulou, Hakkas still live in the same building. Fujian Tulou originated from Hakkas and rooted in Yongding. Tulou is also called "China Hakka Museum without a gate".
Characteristics of Yongding earth building
1 has a long history, and the oldest tulou is over 1300 years old.
Before the late Tang Dynasty and the early Song Dynasty, there were Hakka ancestors living in Yongding. Before Yuan Dynasty, there were more than 40 villages or earth buildings named after Bao and Zhai, and earth buildings were quite common at the end of Yuan Dynasty. The oldest existing earth building is Long 'anzhai, Gu 'er Village, suburban township, which is more than 300 years ago/kloc-0. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the heyday of the development of Hakka earth buildings in Yongding, and people were still building earth buildings in 200 1 year.
2. There are more than 30 ways.
Yongding earth building mainly includes: rectangular building, square building, mansion-style square building, palace-style enclosed building, five-peak building, pentagonal building, octagonal building, shamao building (similar to ancient shamao), diaojiao building (hanging backwards and supported by columns), front round rear building, front round rear building, half-moon building, square building, walking horse building, I-shaped building and so on. The main reasons are: the landlord has different aesthetic tastes; Differences in population or economic conditions of landlords; The landlord's concept of feng shui is different.
Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Yongding Tulou