Write a review for Tujia Diaojiao Building

Diaojiaolou is the place where Tujia people live and live. It's built on the mountain, and it's a sitting tiger, three into the courtyard. Pay attention to the direction, or sit west to east, or sit east to west There are three long rooms, five long rooms and seven long rooms in the main room. Most large and medium-sized households are five or seven rooms long, and small households are generally three rooms long. The structure is 3 columns, 2 melons, 5 columns, 4 melons, 7 columns and 6 melons. The L room in the middle is called the "main room", which is used for ancestor worship, welcoming guests and arranging weddings and funerals. The left and right rooms on both sides of the hall are "people's living rooms", which are divided into two small rooms, with a fire room with two or three eyes in front. There is a fire shop in front of the stove, a fire pit 3 feet square, surrounded by 3 to 5 inches of bluestone. In the middle of the fire pit is "three feet" for cooking and frying. The height of 1 person above the fire pit is a wooden kang frame suspended from the upstairs, which is used to roast bacon and dried tofu. The small intercropping bedroom in the back has a moisture-proof floor. My parents live in Dalitou (left) and my daughter-in-law lives in Xiaolitou (right). The brothers are separated, the elder brother lives in Dalitou, the younger brother lives in Xiaolitou, and the parents live in the "rob room" behind the shrine in the main room.

No matter the size of the house, there are sky buildings, which are divided into plate buildings and strip buildings. Above the bedroom is a banlou, a floor paved with wooden boards, cabinets for putting all kinds of objects and food, and bedrooms can also be arranged; Above the fire is a building, which is paved with bamboo strips with gaps. It is specially used to put corn cobs and melons, and the smoke from the fire can be discharged smoothly through the gaps. In front of the main building, there is a diaojiao building in the wing, and a pigsty and toilet are built behind the building. Building a diaojiao building pays attention to bright feet (that is, the pillars should be straight and long), and the roof pays attention to cornices and angles. Diaojiao building is often three stories, with firewood, grinding and stacking downstairs; In the middle building, grain and farm tools are piled up, and upstairs is the girl building, where Tujia girls embroider, cut paper, make shoes, read and write. There are wooden fence corridors outside the middle building, upstairs and around the building for viewing and drying clothes. In the harvest season, corn cobs are often worn in long strings, or soybeans and peanuts pulled out of the ground are tied up and hung in the corridor to cool. In order to prevent thieves, the house is surrounded by stones and dirt. In front of the main house is the courtyard dam, and there is a splayed gate on the left side of the courtyard dam. Most houses are planted with bamboo, fruit trees and landscape trees. But it is unlucky not to plant mulberry before planting peach, because it is homophonic with "mourning" and "fleeing"

The carving art of window grillage in Tujia Diaojiao Building is an important symbol to measure the level of architectural technology. There are many carving techniques such as relief and hollow carving, and the carving skills are exquisite and rich in connotation. Some symbolize status, some pray for good luck, some show farming, some reflect life, some educate future generations, and some record customs. Birds, animals, flowers, birds, insects and fish, singing and dancing competitions, myths and legends are vivid.

Diaojiaolou has many advantages. Hanging on the ground is ventilated and dry, which can prevent poisonous snakes and wild animals, and sundries can be placed under the floor. Diaolou has distinctive national characteristics, and the elegant "silk eaves" and wide "rows of columns" make Diaojiaolou unique. Compared with "Gan Lan", this diaojiao building successfully got rid of the primitive and has a higher cultural level, so it is called the "living fossil" of Bachu culture. The Yinjiang River is now well-preserved, and there are representative Tujia diaojiao buildings in langxi and Heshui.