Agriculture is an industry that uses the growth and development laws of animals and plants to obtain products through artificial cultivation. Agriculture belongs to the primary industry, and the science of studying agriculture is agronomy. The working object of agriculture is living animals and plants, and the products obtained are animals and plants themselves. Agriculture is the basic industry supporting the construction and development of national economy.
Paddy field is the main farmland in southern China, and rice is the main food crop. Farmland in northern China is mainly dry land, and wheat is the main food crop. The northern part of the Qinling Mountains to the north of Huaihe River in China belongs to temperate monsoon climate, with low heat and little precipitation. Mainly planting dryland crops, mainly wheat.
Agricultural production is closely related to climate resources, and superior climate resources are an important condition for the birth of agricultural civilization. Climate elements mainly include temperature, precipitation and light. China is located in the east of Asia-Europe continent and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, with great differences in thermal properties between land and sea, forming the most typical monsoon climate in the world.
Characteristics of agriculture
Agriculture refers to an important industry in the national economy. Agriculture refers to five industrial forms: planting, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and sideline. Agriculture in a narrow sense refers to planting. Including the production of food crops, cash crops, feed crops and green manure. Agriculture is widely distributed. Except polar regions and deserts, almost all the earth's surface can be used for agricultural production.
In the actual land area of nearly 1.3 1 100 million square kilometers, about 1% is cultivated land and perennial crop land, 24% is grassland and pasture, and 3 1% is forest and woodland. The distribution of agricultural natural resources is very uneven. Cultivable land is mainly concentrated in Asia, Europe and North America. The average per capita of economically developed countries in North America, Europe and Oceania is 0.56 hectares, while that of developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America is only 0.22 hectares, of which Asia is only 0. 16 hectares (1984).
The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Agriculture