First, one principle and five viewpoints
One principle is "wet and dry", similar to natural rainfall. Drying is beneficial to the root system to absorb oxygen, and moisture is beneficial to the root system to absorb water and fertilizer. Five things to look at: First, look at watering-such as tortoise shell bamboo and gardenia, which are all wet. Watering should be short (short dry time), long wet time (long wet time), and shallow dry (light green soil) is watering. On the other hand, cactus, Rosa davurica and other drought-tolerant flowers should be watered in the middle (middle and upper soil) because of their long dry and short wet. Medium-sized flowers such as Chimonanthus praecox, Chun Mei and White Orchid are selected according to the above. The second is to look at the soil and water it-if the high-quality culture soil (humus soil, pine needle soil, pond cornerstone, carbonized bark, etc.). ) used in pots, because of its good drainage and water retention performance, it can be watered many times. The third is to look at the water in the basin-the earth basin is breathable, the plastic basin and the mud basin are airtight, and watering is of course different. The fourth is to water by season-water more in hot season and less in cold season. Water more during the growing period and less during the closing period (such as crab claw orchid in summer and cactus in winter). The fifth is to look at meteorological watering-Huangmei, showers, cooling, and appropriate water withholding; If the weather is sunny and warm, you can pour more water on the basis.
Second, what water needs water?
One day, tap water-after purification and disinfection, tap water is better than the polluted rain and snow river. Second, pour the trapped water-let the tap water be trapped for two or three days, and then use it after the chlorine gas dissipates. The best way is a shallow basin (a shallow basin made of coarse clay for storing water). Water that has been irradiated by sunlight is called boiled water. If you are in a hurry to use water, you can put vitamin C tablets in the water (add one or two tablets to a basin of water) to speed up the elimination of chlorine. Third, pour oxygen water-the higher the oxygen content of water, the better. The ways to increase oxygen are: First, lift the water with a ladle to form a splash, forcing oxygen into the water; The other is green water, which catches the basic algae attached to the bricks and stones by the river and lake (that is, there are branches on the back of the turtle used to make green turtles), and puts the algae in a vessel to pound out green juice. After the noodles are washed, pour the liquid into a dried pottery basin. Inside the rough pottery basin, long filamentous green algae grow quickly. When algae photosynthesize in sunlight, they can release oxygen. Fourth, pour magnetized water-take out the magnet from the waste radio speaker and put it into the sun water to magnetize the basin water. This kind of magnet doesn't rust and has a strong magnetic force (if the horn iron is big, it will have a strong magnetic force). You can also use magnets in waste magnetized cups.
Third, how to water?
First, there is no water leakage at all-completely drain water and avoid half-draining water. If it is poured thoroughly, the bottom of the basin will leak. It should be controlled to prevent too much leakage and wash away the fertilizer. High-quality pot soil can dilute flowers, but it will leak when poured. Put a plate under the flowerpot, and pour the leaked water back into the pot, so that the soil in the pot can be fully eaten. Second, when watering the potted plants, we should first wet the culture soil (spray water and stir until it is slightly wet, but if it is too wet, it will form a ball, which is difficult to make), and then pour it into the pot (the dried culture soil sometimes has water and does not absorb water, resulting in dry soil area in the pot, so it should be slightly wet under the pot). At this time, if you want to pour a pot of water, it will be completely poured at once. Third, spraying leaves instead of watering-high temperature in midsummer, it is appropriate to spray leaf water, which can not only wash leaves, humidify and cool down, but also replace watering. Fourth, sit in a basin-if the soil in the basin is water, or there are fine seeds in the basin, you can sit in the water, put the flowers in a vessel, and then fill the vessel with water. The water level is close to the soil surface, and the flowerpot is taken out after the soil is soaked thoroughly. Fifth, pay attention to the water temperature-the water temperature should be close to the soil temperature. In summer, the water temperature is one or two degrees lower than that of the basin soil; The water temperature is one or two degrees higher than the soil temperature in autumn, and it should be watered at noon in summer. If the water temperature is too low, the roots will think that the weather is cold, which reduces the liquid supply to the branches and leaves and damages them. If it is necessary to water at noon, it should be noted that the water temperature is equivalent to the soil temperature. Where it is sheltered from the rain-the soil in the basin is dry and wet. It is up to people to decide whether to water it or not, and no water is allowed. Rain will promote the spread of fungi and aggravate leaf diseases. If it rains continuously, the basin soil will be wet for a long time, which will suffocate and hurt the root system. Therefore, family potted flowers should be watered in time to avoid rain.
Water quality requirements
Potted flowers are best watered with soft water, because inorganic salts such as calcium and magnesium contained in hard water are often harmful to the normal physiological activities of plants. Rainwater, river water, lake water and pond water are called soft water, which is generally weakly acidic or neutral and suitable for watering flowers. At present, tap water and deep well water are commonly used in family flower cultivation. These two kinds of water are mostly hard water and often contain chloride ions, which is not conducive to the growth of flowers. If conditions permit, tap water should be poured into the tank and stored for 5-7 days before use. Different plants have different requirements on the pH value of water. Most flowers in the south are limited in normal physiological activities under alkaline conditions, leading to aging and death. Such as camellia, jasmine, gardenia, Milan, azalea and so on. Very sensitive to the pH value of soil and water. Black alum can be used to change the pH value of water. 20g-50g of black alum is added to every 5kg, and alum water is poured once every15th day.
water temperature
The watering temperature is not much different from that at that time. If water with large temperature difference is poured suddenly, the temperature of roots and soil will suddenly drop or rise, which will hinder the normal physiological activities of roots, weaken water absorption and cause physiological drought. Therefore, it is advisable to water at noon in summer and water in the morning and evening. In winter, it is advisable to water at noon. In winter, the temperature of tap water is often lower than room temperature. You can add some warm water when you use it, which is beneficial to the growth of flowers.
Proper watering