Should be silent, should be calm, should be cautious, should be frugal, and the four should be good and good. Avoid excessive desire, immorality, sitting instead of sitting, and putting others first. Four people are seriously ill.
Do it often and you will get a constant formula. Don't forget that if you don't help, you will get a step-by-step formula.
Respect this heart, then the heart will be fixed; Gas restraint, then flat. Nothing is lacking in human nature, and nothing can be added to human nature.
A gentleman's heart is too small, but his temperament covers his life. The villain's mind is unstoppable, but his will is confined to one corner.
Anger is a tiger, and desire is an abyss. Anger is like fire. If you don't stop it, you will start a prairie fire.
Desire is like water. If you don't stop it, it will be terrible. Punishing anger is like destroying mountains, and smothering desire is like filling gaps.
Punishing anger is like extinguishing fire, suppressing desire is like waterproofing. When my heart is relaxed, everything is out of control.
If you are careless, nothing will be cared for. Nothing is natural when the mind lasts.
Careless thoughts are the wrong start. The difference between one thought and another is wrong.
Ancient scholars worked hard at heart, so appearance was a symbol of virtue. Nowadays, scholars work hard on the outside, so if they are inside, it will be a disease of virtue.
As long as the heart is not presumptuous, there is nothing wrong. Only when the mind is not negligent will there be no ambition.
In the face of adversity, we must use pioneering methods; When you are in prosperity, you should use the convergence method. The world is weathered, and our hearts are refined.
The world is cold and warm, and we are patient. On the other hand, we have the resources to practice.
Justice in the day and the sky is cultivated from the cracks in the dark room. Spin dry to Kun economy, effective from deep position.
Fame comes from humiliation, and virtue comes from patience. Modesty is the first step to protect yourself.
Calm is the first step in doing things. Tolerance is the first step in dealing with people.
Free and easy is the first method of nourishing the heart. Behave yourself when you come.
When anger comes, behave yourself. When you are lazy, behave yourself.
Behave yourself when you are presumptuous. Self-detachment, treat people with things, nothing is clear, gain something, be complacent and indifferent, be frustrated and calm.
Static energy braking, sinking energy to control buoyancy, wide energy to control tension, slow energy to control urgency. Only quiet people can taste the real taste between heaven and earth.
There is a real machine between heaven and earth, and the quiet can see through it. Talented and slow-heating, you must be a great talent.
With wisdom and harmony, thinking is great wisdom. Avoid exuberance, fullness of heart and dew.
What has a role must be extraordinary. A wise man never reveals his talent.
Rough-headed and impetuous, nothing can be achieved. Calm, thousands of auspicious parallel.
Secular troubles should be tolerated. You should be free where the world is in trouble.
If you want to be pure gold and beautiful jade, you must forge it from fire. You have to walk on thin ice to hold up the sky.
People value quality. If they are a little dirty, they are not indomitable men. If there is anything to be ashamed of, it is not the character of Taishan Beidou.
People strive for glory, and when they ask for it, they are greatly humiliated; When people compete for human feelings and rely on them, human feelings are extremely cheap in the world. The nobility of a husband lies only in his reputation and integrity.
I show off my husband, but I want clothes for everyday life. Men are ashamed to be concubines.
I really can't chisel, my Lord, I haven't lost my heart. A gentleman should be honest in things and humble when taking over.
In the matter of villains, they will flatter, flatter, be proud and be careless. Li Chao is not a good person, and neither is living at home.
He is not a good student at ordinary times, so he was not a good student when he was a child. Learning is like being a virgin, so why not be afraid of others.
Being an official is like marrying a daughter-in-law, and you have to support people. Go back to the forest like an old woman and teach people.
You can't see wealth when you are poor, and you won't be arrogant when you succeed in the future. When you are rich, you won't forget your poverty. Once you retire, you won't complain.
Mo Yan was a bitch before you. He would call me and ask for his recommendation. Mo Yan is poor in front of the rich, and he will call me to beg for his pity.
I just hope people will appreciate it, but I will forget it. A gentleman owes money to others, and he must pay it back if he receives it.
Being in harmony with others will make you strong and irresistible. Grasp yourself and you will have flexible rights.
Make people famous in the front, but if you don't make people corrupt in the back. Make people happy in the first place, if it doesn't make people tired for a long time.
As charming as a nine-tailed fox and as clever as Kuzu, alas, I am ashamed of this seven-foot body! Fighting three tigers with violence is better than two-headed snakes, but it's a pity that it's broken Rolling around, laughing at Iraqis complaining first? Why are you so close to the ground? Finally, I'm going to ask you, why is the heart lighter than life? What is more important than wealth? Rich boys want officials to pour money, while corrupt officials sell goods and neglect their duties. Brothers analyze chopsticks and translate them into division.
Scholar-bureaucrats love money, but books stink. Scholar-officials should benefit future generations, not seek happiness for them.
Respect for family rules, respect for thrift, teaching farming and reading, and accumulating yin virtues will also benefit. Wide field house, marriage help, what to fight for, fame, this is also a blessing.
Beneficiaries are long, those who seek happiness are thick and short. Scholars should cherish the name of this life, not the name of this life.
Dunshi, integrity, caution and respect, this precious name. The city is also famous for bidding for the list, inviting dignitaries, doing things enthusiastically and learning from examples.
People who cherish fame will rest quietly; The name of the city is impetuous and clumsy. Scholarly officials should be family assets, not family assets.
It also costs money to help the party, extensively repair, save the famine, apologize and help the righteous. Singing and dancing are taught in the garden, which is extravagant and expensive.
Those who use money, those who gain or lose: those who harm others, cover them up when they are full. Scholar-officials should cultivate themselves for the world, not cherish themselves for the world.
Preserving appetite, reducing distractions, and abstaining from anger and dieting are also good for your health. It is also a pity to adjust interests, avoid labor and grievances, camp in caves and houses, and keep your wife.
Those who cultivate themselves are big, but those who cherish them are thin.
2. The composition "Education" is about 600 words.
Moral cultivation in behavior. It is the result of social influence, family education and personal cultivation, especially the moral code of conduct developed in the family since childhood.
The dictionary says: politeness refers to the expression of modesty and respect in speech acts; Education refers to the cultivation of general culture and morality.
Politeness and upbringing are not the same thing. Politeness is only one of the manifestations of upbringing. People who know manners may not be educated, but educated people usually know how to observe manners in their environment. For example, a well-educated farmer will observe the manners and manners in the countryside well.
On the relationship between politeness and upbringing;
Politeness is external and superficial, and can be put on by training and deliberately. Education, on the other hand, comes from the heart, which is the inherent quality of the combination of environment, education and experience. In other words, a person is polite and likable, but his heart may be selfish and hypocritical. But a person's education is not only manifested in external behavior, but also shows that his connotation and moral quality are good.
When it comes to education at first, I now know that if you don't show everything out of sincerity, it's just politeness, but polite behavior may change your attitude after a period of persistence and become heartfelt, and politeness will be transformed into education. From this point of view, politeness seems to be the basis of education, and it is the training process to obtain quantitative changes in education.
A good education is a natural and heartfelt behavior. Being kind to others is a kind of nature, not compulsory learning. I am with farmers in Italy, Jamaica and the western United States. Although they are engaged in manual labor, they are naturally humble and polite.
Education and politeness are different and interrelated. The difference is that education reflects people's essential quality and moral level, and reflects a positive attitude and behavior towards themselves and others, while politeness is only an external behavior of humility and respect when people communicate with each other. Their connection is that educated people always use politeness when they get along with others. Therefore, we can neither say that a person who is polite in social occasions but always speaks ill of others in private is educated, nor that a person who is very enthusiastic about helping others is educated.
In other words, we need not only the beauty and perfection of internal moral quality, but also the courtesy and propriety of external behavior. The unity of the two helps us to establish good interpersonal relationships with others. Otherwise, others will either "avoid us" (if we are hypocrites) or "stay away from us" (if we are enthusiastic people who are full of foul language).
3. Teach and educate how to write pictophonetic characters in ancient Chinese. The word from money (pū), from filial piety, filial piety is also pronounced. "Filial piety" means "serving parents at home all day" and fleeing to "full time". "Efforts" means "implementation" and "supervision". The combination of "filial piety" and "love" means "obeying teachers all day". Original intention: wholeheartedly follow the teacher (study). Escape: The teacher taught all day. Full-time teachers impart knowledge. Extension of escape: training students to become useful people in society. Interpretation: The original meaning of "teaching" is "students should treat their teachers as if they respected their parents at home". In the old society, there was a saying that "teachers are fathers for life", that is, teachers were regarded as parents.
Note: The original spelling of teaching is "filial piety", and the left is not "filial piety", so the pronunciation is not "filial piety" either. In Biography, the phonetic writing is also different from filial piety. The picture on the right shows the religion in Kangxi's dictionary and the filial piety of Xiao Zhuan.
Education [sports]
(I know. Oracle Bone Inscriptions glyph, like a woman giving birth to a child. Above is the "mother" and the decoration on her head, and below is the "son" hanging upside down. )
Commentary: Education is from children to meat, and the upper part is children, which means that the mother gives birth and the first child comes out first, so it is written as children. For the common part, see the words "education withdrawal, abandonment and supplement"; The lower part is the moon, and the common part is either the moon or the official script of the meat, while the lower part of the blue word is Dan, not the moon, which should be a vertical pen. Education is the original meaning of newborn children, and children need education. Soso said, "How? (anti-child), not straight. If you are not straight, teach. What is the situation? "
4. There is a motto in ancient Chinese learning, that is, teaching. When reading, be sure to sort out a few cases to make them clean and correct. Books should be placed neatly, and books should be read carefully and slowly. When you read them clearly, you must read every word out loud, without missing a word, without losing a word, without reciting a word, just reciting it many times.
If you read well, you don't need to explain, you know what it means. I have tasted that it takes three to three days to study, that is, the heart is in the eye and the mouth is in the mouth. If my heart is not here, I don't look at my son carefully. My mind is not single-minded, but I just read aloud. I must never remember it, and I can't remember it for a long time.
The center of the three is the most urgent, the heart is here, and the eye is not here. In Jiang Lu, Jiyang, all books should be carefully kept, so as not to be damaged or folded. Although the study is not finished, it must be built neatly, and then it is the most legal.
The frugality of training shows that Kang Sima Guang is a poor family and there is no evil in the world. I don't like luxury by nature. I am a baby. My elders gave me gorgeous gold and silver clothes, and I don't want to be ashamed to give them up.
Twenty surnames, Wenxi, no flowers for a solo banquet. In the same year, he said, "Your gift is inviolable.
"This is a flower. Take clothes to keep out the cold and eat to fill your stomach all your life; I dare not use despicable means to correct vulgarity, I just follow my nature.
Everyone is proud of luxury, and my heart is only beautiful if it is frugal. Everyone laughs at me, and I don't think I'm sick.
It should be said: Confucius said "solid is not as follows"; He also said: "It's hard to stand up." He also said: "It is not enough to have ambition in the discussion and be ashamed of poor food and clothing." The ancients regarded thrift as a virtue, but today people criticize it.
Hey, what a surprise! In recent years, customs have been particularly extravagant, with soldiers dressed like soldiers and farmers stepping on silk. I remember that among the heavenly saints, the first male is the official, and the guests never drink alcohol, but it is still three lines and five lines, but not more than seven lines.
Wine is in the market, such as pears, chestnuts, dates and persimmons; The dish ends with preserved fruit and vegetable soup and is painted with porcelain. At that time, the literati were all natural, and people were wrong.
Know the number and be diligent, thin and affectionate. Recently, the scholar-bureaucrat family, wine is not the law, fruits and vegetables are not rare from afar, food is not good, utensils are not complete, dare not meet guests and friends, and then dare to publish books.
If not, people will refute it and think it is despicable. Therefore, those who don't follow the custom put on fresh clothes.
Ha ha! The custom is so decadent, although the incumbent can't ban it, bear with it! I also heard that Li Wenjing was the prime minister in the past, and he ruled Fengqiu Gate. Before listening, he only allowed the horse to rotate, or it was too narrow. The public laughed and said, "Those who take the lead should be passed on to future generations. This is a sincere pass for the Prime Minister to listen to things. He has been very lenient in giving gifts and listening to things. " Duke Lu, who participated in politics, was an admonition officer. The true sects called him urgently, so he got it from a restaurant, went into a restaurant, asked him where he was from, and treated him honestly.
He said, "Why do you drink in the hotel to take care of the officials?" Right: "My family is poor. If the guests have no utensils, dishes or fruits, please go to the restaurant." There is no hiding, which is beneficial.
Zhang Wenjie is a relative. When he was the secretary of Heyangzhang, relatives or rules said, "I got a lot of salary today, but I gave it myself." Although the public is confident and clear about the contract, there are also many outsiders who are ridiculed by Gongsun Bu.
The public should follow the crowd less. "The crowd sighed:" My salary today, although my family has plenty of food and clothing, why not? Considering human nature, frugality is easy and difficult.
How often can I get paid today? Can the body last forever? Once it is different from today, family members are used to luxury for a long time, and they will lose money if they can't be frugal. Is it always like a day for me to live, die and die? "oh! A great sage's foresight is beyond the reach of mediocre people! Yu Sun said, "Thrift is virtue. ":Waste is a great evil.
"* * *, in the same way, all people who speak virtue come from thrift. If a husband is frugal, he wants to be small: if a gentleman wants to be small, he will not be able to be straight; Little people have few desires. If they can use them carefully, they will stay away from evil.
So "frugality is also a virtue." Luxury makes you want more: a gentleman who wants more is greedy for money and ruined. If a villain wants more, he will seek more, and he will perish; So they will bribe officials and steal their hometown.
Therefore, "luxury is a great evil." Yesterday, I was testing my father's porridge to make a living; Meng Nuo will have talents after he knows it.
Ji Wenzi is the three kings, my concubine doesn't wear clothes and silks, my horse doesn't eat millet, and a gentleman thinks loyalty. Guan Zhong's name is Zhu Heshan Jujube, but Confucius despises his gadgets.
Uncle Wen Zi likes Wei Linggong, and Shi Qiu knows its disaster; And defense, if you are rich, you will offend, and if you die, you will die. He used to live on food and money until Sun was so arrogant that he lost everything.
Shi Chong boasted and died in the East City. In recent days, Duke Kelai has been extravagant for a while, but he has made great achievements, and his descendants have learned the wind. Now he is poor.
The rest are famous for their frugality, and many people have lost themselves because of extravagance and waste. I can't count them. Here are a few people to teach you. If you are not a disciple, you should cultivate your children and let them know the customs of their predecessors.
The four commandments in the first chapter, the methods of reform in the second chapter, the effects of modesty in the third chapter and the fourth chapter are all introduced. The first chapter, the study of life, is Yuan Lefan's secular biographical notes. When my father died in childhood, my mother gave up her career to study medicine, saying that I could preserve my health, help others and become famous by learning a skill, so my father regretted it. Later, in Ciyun Temple, I met an old man who was handsome and fluttering, and I saluted him.
Yu Yu said, "People from Zishi Road will enter school next year. Why not study? " I told him the reason and knocked on the old man's surname. "My name is Kong, from Yunnan.
It's time Shao told the truth, and it's time to tell you. "I took the lead in telling my mother.
Mother said, "Be nice to it." Try the number. All the fibers will be tested.
Yu Suiqi's cousin Shen said, "Mr. Yu has opened a library in Shen's house. It is very convenient for me to send you to study." Yu Suili is a teacher.
Kong counted in detail: boys in the county exam, when fourteen; Government exam 7 1 person, promoted to the ninth place in the exam. Take the exam next year, and the names of the three places are the same.
Then he made a lifelong apology. He said: he won the first place in the senior high school entrance examination in a certain year, paid tribute in a certain year, and was elected as a great sage in Sichuan in a certain year after paying tribute. After three and a half years in power, he should be back. Fifty-three years old, ugly until August 14, when I finally went to bed, I regretted not having children.
I'll write it down and keep it in mind. From then on, anyone who meets the exam will not leave the Confucius Institute by name and serial number.
Counting the surplus grain and rice alone, ninety-one stone and five buckets are tribute; I secretly doubt that if I eat rice and seventy-one stones, Tu Zongshi will pay tribute. As a result, it was refuted by the printing department and Yang Gong's office. Until Ding Mao's reign (AD 1567), Master Yin saw that the volume was prepared in the market outlook and sighed: "Five strategies, that is, five memorials, can make Boqi drown Confucianism and die of old age!" Therefore, according to the permission of the county Shen Wen, even before eating rice, it is actually ninety-one stone and five fights.
Therefore, I believe that I have a life of progress and retreat, and sometimes I will be late, but there is nothing to expect. Gong went to Yantai and stayed in Beijing for a year. He sat still all day without reading.
Returned (1569) and went to Nanyong. I haven't been in prison, so I'll go and have a look first.
5. Chu people put forward the answer in classical Chinese. You didn't give your question. What do others say? Who knows what the question you wrote is.
Chu people are constantly being killed. Chu people are constantly being killed, thinking that (taking ... as a living person), while Chu people call it being killed. On the day of death, some groups will be killed in court, so that the old people can lead (lead) (verb, go, go) to the mountains to seek the truth (fruit) of vegetation, and give (verb, pay) the eleventh (tenth) one (conjunction, equivalent to ". Or (some monkeys) don't give it, then add a whip. All the attacked people are afraid of suffering, but dare to violate it. One day, a little sniper said to many snipers, "The fruit of the mountain, the tree of the house (verb, planted) and (meaning' yi', equivalent to' horse')?" Say, "No, it's natural." He said, "You can't take it without making it public? "Say," If you don't do this, you will get what you want. "Said:" But (in this case, then) why (why) should I take a vacation (which means "borrowing", here means "using") for others, for (being) fighting (slavery)? " Before the words were finished, everyone was shocked. Its (demonstrative pronoun, that) evening, together (auxiliary word, used between subject and predicate, meaningless) sleep, abnormality and destruction, take its product, carry it into (to) the forest, and do not return. The sniper died of hunger (finally, finally). Yu said: "Some people use (power) to make (drive) the people, but there is no way (method) to slap (statutes). As public as suspicion? "Only (only) they (they, the people) are unconscious. Once enlightened, they (they, the exploiters and rulers) are exhausted." The word "He" is missing from the sentence "But why should I work for it?" The meaning of "Tao" in this sentence should be understood as "law", such as "policy is not based on its way". All the people who are attacked are afraid of suffering, even those who dare to break the law. All the monkeys were afraid of him and suffered greatly, so they dared not disobey him. However, why should I work for it? In that case, why should we be used and enslaved by him? (3) Some people use tricks to make people unable to slap them. Is it like being punished? People in the world who use politics to drive people without methods and laws are probably like those who are being killed. (4) Only when it is unconscious, once it is opened, its technique is poor. It is precisely because the people are confused that they do not wake up. Once someone inspires the people, their politics will end. This is a fable. First of all, we must understand its moral: using rulers to enslave the people by political power will inevitably be resisted by the people and eventually end up as spies. Through the story that monkeys were brutally exploited by people who raised monkeys, monkeys rebelled when they woke up, revealing the cruel exploitation and oppression of the people by the rulers of feudal society, indicating that once the people realized and rebelled, the rulers would only die of hunger and cold. (2) The image of the thief: The thief symbolizes those cruel and stupid exploiters and rulers who try to get something for nothing. (3) Enlightenment from the monkey's point of view: Dare to resist unfair and unreasonable things.
6. Look at the following two paragraphs of classical Chinese and answer 1. C as needed.
Mencius thinks that good moral education can win people's hearts more than good politics, so rulers should attach importance to education.
1.C
Mencius thinks that good moral education can win people's hearts more than good politics, so rulers should attach importance to education.
We should set up schools, schools and schools to educate the people. It means education; School means teaching; "Preface" means shooting. (Local School) Xia Dynasty is called "School", Shang Dynasty is called "Preface" and Zhou Dynasty is called "Dong"; "Xue" (a central school) is the name used by three generations. (These schools) are all used to teach people ethical relations. People at the top understand the ethical relationship, and people at the bottom will naturally love each other. You have to do this. If there is a holy king, he will follow suit and become the teacher of the holy king.
Mencius said, "The words of benevolence are not as good as the reputation of benevolence, and good politics is not as good as good education. Good politics, people are afraid of (violating) it; People are willing to accept a good education. Good politics can gather people's wealth, and good education can win people's support. "
7. The classical Chinese of the Chu people raising scorpions is considered to be a living person, and the Chu people are called scorpions. On the day of death, some people will be arrested in court, and the old man will lead the way in the mountains, seek the truth of vegetation and give himself something. Still not giving it, then whip it. All the attacked people are afraid of suffering, but dare to violate it.
One day, a little sniper said to many snipers, "The fruit of the mountain, the tree of the office?" Said, "No, it's natural." He said, "You can't take it without making it public?" He said, "If you don't want it, you have to get what you want." He said, "But why should I work for him?" If you don't say it, everyone will be embarrassed.
In the evening, Xiang was destroyed by the public, broke the grid, took the product, transported it into the forest, and did not return. The dead soldier died of hunger.
Yu said: Some people use art to make people feel helpless. As public as being killed? Only he is unconscious and has no feelings; Once opened, its technology is poor.
① Trees: plants and plants.
As soon as possible: wait, wait.
③ Pottery: regulations and norms.
translate
There was a man in the state of Chu who raised macaques for a living. The Chu people called him a sniper. Every morning, he will assign macaques to work in the yard, teach the old monkeys to lead the little monkeys up the mountain, pick the fruits of vegetation, and support themselves with one tenth of the tax. Some monkeys are not enough, so they are whipped. Monkeys are afraid of death and feel bitter, but they dare not violate it.
One day, a little monkey asked everyone, "Is the fruit on the mountain planted by the old man?" Everyone said, "No! Is born. " He asked, "Can't we pick them without old people?" Everyone said, "No! Anyone can pick. " Then he asked, "Then why should we rely on him and be enslaved by him?" Before he finished, the monkey understood everything.
That night, the monkeys waited until the scorpion fell asleep, broke the barn, took the food, ran into the forest together and never came back. Scorpion finally starved to death.
Li Yu-Yang said: "People who show off their political skills to enslave the people and do not follow the right path to regulate things are like spies!" Only because people are unconscious can they succeed. Once someone turns on the wisdom of the people, his political skills will be exhausted. "
centre
Through the cruel exploitation of monkeys by monkey keepers, monkeys woke up and rebelled. It reveals the cruel exploitation and oppression of the people by the rulers of feudal society, and shows that as long as the people wake up and resist, the rulers will only die of hunger and cold.
Common sense of literature:
Serve "salary" and worship it.
Understand "enlightenment" and wake up
truth
No matter how great a person is, he can't be regarded as a proud capital. Only modesty and prudence can win people's respect.
Li Yu Yang said: "Some people in the world use political power to drive people, but there is no reason or law. Are they like spies? " The people are completely confused and have not yet awakened. Once they are encouraged, their politics will end.