2065438+February 2007, the Development Plan of Beibu Gulf Urban Agglomeration was officially released. The main contents are "one bay"-Beibu Gulf, "two axes"-the development axis of south Qin and north defense, the development axis of Yangcheng Town for exhibition and trade, "one core"-the core of Nanning, and "two poles"-Haikou and Zhanjiang, and * * * to build urban agglomerations. So what is the development potential of Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration? Let's get to know each other!
Interpretation of the development potential of Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration 1 0 1
From the perspective of population, the whole country is now in the process of urbanization, and the most fundamental process of urbanization is population urbanization, which includes two ways. The first is that urban expansion will bring the surrounding rural land and population into the city, and the second is that the rural population will change from urban employment to urban population. Comparatively speaking, the second method is better.
Looking at the urbanization process of six cities in Beibu Gulf, there are two ways, but obviously, the most important way is the first one, because none of these cities has large industries to attract skilled workers and high-quality personnel. At present, basically all cities are still a "hard expansion" method, that is, expanding the city scale, constantly acquiring land around the city, developing the real estate industry, and expanding the city scale, rather than expanding according to the urbanized population. This kind of urbanization is very easy to produce "bubbles". In fact, in addition to Beibu Gulf, there are one or two cities in Guangxi where the urbanization bubble is serious and the bubble has begun to burst.
In the process of urbanization, urban planning and management should also follow up simultaneously. At present, the level of urban planning, urban construction and urban management in several cities in Beibu Gulf is still the same as that in the last century. Even in Nanning, the largest city, there are still many shortcomings. For example, there are few smooth and intact main roads in Nanning so far, which also reflects the serious shortage of Nanning in the process of urbanization. Other cities are weaker than Nanning in planning, urban construction and management. From the appearance, the city image of the three coastal cities in Guangxi is not as good as that of a county in Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan.
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Of course, there are some historical reasons for this situation, and more importantly, the driving force of economic development-industry. Judging from the present situation of cities in Beibu Gulf, its industrial base is too weak.
The industrial situation in Beibu Gulf, especially the manufacturing base, is very weak, and the main industries are real estate and infrastructure industries. The real estate industry and infrastructure industry can promote the economy to a certain extent in the short term, but they are largely internal circular economy with many bubbles and cannot achieve sustainable development. Due to well-known historical reasons, there is no large-scale advanced manufacturing industry in the cities of Beibu Gulf, but only some branches or bases set up by large state-owned monopoly enterprises, most of which are the most primitive industrial types.
At present, due to the lack of industrial support, other cities in Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, except Nanning, cannot form a certain city scale and structural strength. In 20 15, the GDP of the three coastal cities in Guangxi Beibu Gulf ranked among 14 cities, Qinzhou ranked seventh (94.4 billion), Beihai ranked eighth (89.2 billion), Fangchenggang ranked 1 1 (62 1 100 million), and coastal three.
It has been nearly ten years since the implementation of Beibu Gulf Economic Zone in 2007. In the past ten years, the lessons of the construction of Beibu Gulf Economic Zone are greater than the experiences, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the foreign investment is quite limited, and most of them are state-owned monopoly enterprises; Second, urban planning, construction and management are backward; Third, the administrative ability of government workers is low, and the whole region lacks high-quality and high-tech talents; Fourth, a large number of development zone land is idle; Fifth, it is difficult for a large number of newly urbanized people to find jobs; Sixth, many coastal areas indiscriminately mine stones in the name of developing the economy; Seventh, the MLM organization is very active in the name of the development of Beibu Gulf Economic Zone.
The Beibu Gulf Economic Zone has developed for ten years, and the most dynamic industry is real estate. Judging from the current situation, if there is no industry to attract employees, the rigid demand for real estate will decrease, and the real estate bubble will become bigger and bigger, which may lead to the bursting of the real estate bubble. In fact, the bubble has appeared, and some communities have begun to appear "ghost towns". This situation must be vigilant.
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If urban agglomerations generally lack industrial support, the scale of cities and the level of urban planning and management are generally low, a core city can be used to promote the construction of urban agglomerations with "one belt and more". From the perspective of "planning" and reality, this core city is of course Nanning.
However, can Nanning assume the responsibility of being the "core city" of this city group?
For a long time after liberation, there were two industrial centers in Guangxi, Liuzhou and Nanning. Liuzhou is dominated by heavy industry, while Nanning is dominated by light industry (it must be pointed out that many people have always thought that Liuzhou is the industrial center of Guangxi, but it is actually wrong. Compared with Liuzhou, there are not a few large state-owned enterprises in Nanning. After the reform and opening up, many large state-owned enterprises were eliminated in the wave of market economy due to the disadvantages of state-owned enterprises. After the industrial reshuffle and enterprise reorganization in the 1990s, although a large number of enterprises closed down in a short period of time and serious problems appeared, after entering the 2 1 century, heavy industries, mainly steel, heavy machinery and automobiles, have gradually formed and have certain strength.
In contrast, enterprises in Nanning have basically disappeared in the market competition, such as Nanning Cannery (the largest fruit cannery in China), Nanning Cotton Mill (the largest in South China), Nanning Bus Factory, Nanning Pharmaceutical Factory, Nanning Chemical Factory and so on. Many enterprises eventually went bankrupt in Nanning, and then there were few large local enterprises. Nanning had to pin its hopes on attracting foreign investment and once shouted the slogan of "headquarters economy", but after ten years, there were not many large enterprises headquartered in Nanning. Generally speaking, it is only stationed in some high labor-intensive processing industries, and the current economic effect is not obvious. Therefore, the lack of industries in Nanning, especially manufacturing and high-tech industries, is definitely related to the industrial environment.
Although the city scale of Nanning is constantly expanding, according to the current development speed of Nanning, it is difficult for Nanning to reach the scale of Chengdu in the next ten to fifteen years, and it is not qualified to become the core city of urban agglomeration.
On the other hand, due to the lack of industry in the city, the commercial deficit is very large, and because of its political status, the main high-income people in Guangxi except Nanning are concentrated in Nanning, which brings a lot of consumption capital, raises the consumption price of Nanning as a whole, and leads to the convergence of Nanning's commercial consumption level to first-tier cities, which is very inappropriate.
In addition, some people like to say that Nanning's "primacy" is backward, saying that Guangxi's investment in Nanning's economy and city is not high enough, and its "primacy" is backward. It must be pointed out that many people misunderstand the meaning of "priority". In fact, "primacy" is the ratio of the population of the provincial capital city to the population of the second largest city in the province. The cities in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hebei, Liaoning and other coastal provinces are all lower than Nanning, which shows that Nanning's population expansion is serious. Second, judging from the proportion of urban construction investment in urban GDP, Nanning is actually quite high.
In short, judging from the development scale, management and planning level and industrial base of several cities in Guangxi Beibu Gulf, Guangxi Beibu Gulf region has not yet reached the strength and foundation for building a large-scale urban agglomeration.
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Another important content in the Plan is Guangdong and Hainan. In the Plan, Guangdong includes Zhanjiang, Maoming and Yangjiang, and Hainan includes Haikou, Danzhou, Dongfang, Chengmai, Lingao and Changjiang, which are the western coastal areas of Hainan Island.
The Plan was compiled by Guangxi. It can be seen that Guangxi is the center of the whole paper, while Guangdong and Hainan have a feeling of "hitchhiking". Guangdong is originally a big economic province, but Zhanjiang, Maoming and Yangjiang are not in the core area of Guangdong's economic development, so the economy has been relatively backward. However, at present, because the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone is close to saturation, Guangdong has begun to develop the economic resources of Leizhou Peninsula, and Zhanjiang and other three cities have also begun to make great strides. Although the "Planning" aims to build an urban agglomeration and economic belt across three provinces, Zhanjiang, Maoming and Yangjiang are not as active as Guangxi in terms of government attention and reflection.
Is there a competitive relationship in economic construction among provinces? The answer is yes. Although the goal of economic development is common development, there will always be competition. Guangdong and Guangxi provinces are geographically adjacent and have the same culture, but the economic value is nearly 5 times different and the trade is 30 times different, which is also the reason for competition to some extent.
In this Plan, Zhanjiang estimates that it is difficult to accept the status of "central city" rather than "core city" given by the Beibu Gulf Plan. There are several main reasons. First, Zhanjiang is a coastal city with large ports and coastal industrial bases, but Nanning does not. Second, Zhanjiang has a good economic foundation. In 20 16, the GDP of one city in Zhanjiang exceeded the total GDP of three coastal cities in Guangxi. Third, Guangdong has strong economic, technological and intellectual backing; Fourthly, Zhanjiang's foreign trade has a long history (the "Pearl of the Orient" of the French) and is well-known. In this case, it is estimated that Zhanjiang has little interest in being an "affiliate" of Nanning, and "planning" is not a code of conduct and cannot limit the development mode of the city. Therefore, from the perspective of competition and administration, as well as the achievements of Guangdong-Guangxi cooperation in building the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, Guangdong cities such as Zhanjiang, Maoming and Yangjiang are obviously "hitchhiking" in this "planning". They think that "planning" is dispensable and will not develop according to its goals.
Geographically, Zhanjiang, Yangjiang and Maoming in Guangdong Province are not the Beibu Gulf region, and even Haikou is not the Beibu Gulf region. There are also some difficulties in the integration and cooperation between geography and economy.
The Hainan part of the Plan may also put some pressure on the construction of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone. Because the west coast of Hainan Island, which is included in the Plan, has greater advantages than coastal cities in Guangxi in the construction of economic zones, and because the ports of Danzhou and Dongfang in Hainan are closer to international waters, their seaports are more open. Judging from the current economic development achievements of Danzhou Binhai New Area, its efficiency is even higher than that of Beibu Gulf Economic Zone. At present, its main weakness is that it has no direct connection with the mainland. If the Qiongzhou Strait Bridge can be completed and Hainan is directly connected with the mainland, the integration process and level of Hainan and Zhanjiang will be better than that of Guangxi Beibu Gulf, that is, Hainan and Zhanjiang, Maoming and Yangjiang will form urban agglomerations and economic zones, while Guangxi Beibu Gulf will be excluded.
Therefore, it is difficult to realize the inter-provincial Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration in the Plan.
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So, are "China-ASEAN Economic Zone" and "Beibu Gulf Economic Zone" just floating clouds? /kloc-what problems have been encountered in the economic development of Beibu Gulf in the past 0/0 years?
From 65438 to 0986, James McGill Buchanan, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, founded the theory of public choice, which is generally complicated, but in the end it is a very obvious conclusion that government officials and government capacity will ultimately determine economic development.
This really touched the sore spot of Guangxi's economic and social development. Guangxi is rich in resources and has a superior geographical position. Why it has not been developed is also a problem that the country often cares about.
What does Guangxi's economic development lack most? Genius. In fact, there is no shortage of talents in Guangxi. Guangxi exports a large number of high-intelligence talents to famous universities outside the province every year, and also accepts a large number of talents from11980 s to1early 1990 s, which is the most serious brain drain in Guangxi for more than ten years from the mid-kloc-0/1990 s to 2005. After 2 1 century, Guangxi attracted a large number of Selected Graduates into the government through national policies and preferential policies, with the goal of trying to improve the quality of government personnel at all levels in Guangxi. But judging from the current effect, there is still a certain distance from the target. First of all, there is a shortage of personnel, especially in county-level government departments, and high-quality talents are still lacking; Secondly, without the mechanism of using talents, many talents can't play a role; Finally, talents are weakened by the assimilation of the original official environment.
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Economic development is often from point to surface, and this "point" is often a brand-new economic zone. As we all know, the experience of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone is an economic point, which forms a line with Guangzhou and eventually forms an international urban agglomeration in the Pearl River Delta.
Why can't we learn from the development experience of Shenzhen?
There is only one problem in Guangxi's economic development, that is, the economic policy is unstable, the development is not focused, and the shotgun is serious. Including the implementation of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, there is no focus, which is one of the reasons for the weak development of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone.
Therefore, whether Guangxi can consider establishing a new economic development point similar to the special economic zone economy in Guangxi coastal areas should not be affected by historical factors. Through the construction of new economic points, firstly, the development model plays a demonstration and reference role in the development of other parts of Guangxi; The second is to drive the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone and urban agglomeration; Third, the external window of Guangxi industry; The fourth is to train high-quality government workers. Of course, there are many functions, so I won't list them one by one.
Generally speaking, the development planning of Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration is a good opportunity to realize the all-round economic and social development of Guangxi in the future, and Guangxi should fully grasp this great opportunity.
Interpretation of the Development Potential of Beibu Gulf Urban Agglomeration Part II Urban Agglomeration is the highest structural organization form in the mature stage of urban development. It is a huge, multi-core, multi-level urban agglomeration gathered by many cities in the region with big cities as the center, and it is a consortium of metropolitan areas. Urban agglomeration has the function of gathering and diffusing all kinds of production factors, and has become the most dynamic and potential region in the current and future economic development pattern, and is the growth pole of productivity layout. Guangxi Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration includes Nanning, Beihai, Qinzhou, Fangchenggang, Yulin and Chongzuo.
In addition, on 20 14, the development and reform commission of the autonomous region officially issued the regional integrated development plan for Fangchenggang, Qinzhou, Beihai, Nanning, Baise, Chongzuo and Yulin. The plan calls for the construction of a regional modern commercial logistics base, an advanced manufacturing base, a characteristic agricultural base and an information exchange center in the seven cities. With the north-south defense as the core, the seven cities will be built into a Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration with important national influence, a new strategic fulcrum for the opening up and development of southwest and south-central China, and a new highland for ASEAN's international regional economic cooperation.
In other words, Nanning, Beihai, Qinzhou, Fangchenggang, Yulin, Chongzuo and Baise will soon become a closely linked urban network, which will be the most potential area for future economic development in Guangxi.
As a national key development area, with the construction of the 13th Five-Year Plan, Nanning, Beihai, Qinzhou, Fangchenggang, Yulin and Chongzuo have become new economic growth poles in Guangxi and even the whole country. 20 16 On May 3, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a document in official website, pointing out that the planning of urban agglomerations such as Beibu Gulf has been included in the annual work arrangement, and the Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration will be basically completed in 2020.
It can be seen that Fangchenggang, as one of the important cities in the Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration, is bound to flourish in this opportunity. Fangchenggang's infrastructure construction, industrial development layout, market construction, urban and rural planning and construction, environmental protection and ecological construction, social development and social security system will all gain fresh blood through this urban agglomeration construction and gradually realize the integration of the same city. The soaring Fangchenggang will surely enter a new era of modern cities.
First of all, it occupies an excellent geographical position.
Located in the core of Fangchenggang City, and close to the logistics port, the location advantage is very obvious, which can be described as "a land of feng shui". After the construction of Beibu Gulf Economic Group, the modern commercial logistics base and transportation network are becoming more and more perfect, and the quality of life will be within reach.
Secondly, enjoy the fruits of industrial development.
Qisha Industrial Zone, adjacent to Fangchenggang 100 billion yuan industrial park, will further upgrade and improve the industrial development layout with the help of the construction of Beibu Gulf Economic Group. As a key investment attraction project in Fangchenggang, with the continuous upgrading of urban industry and urban infrastructure, industry will drive the property market, and real estate appreciation is imperative.
Third, urban and rural development brings together thousands of tourists.
The construction and development of Beibu Gulf Economic Group will drive more people to gather in Fangchenggang, a coastal tourist city. As the largest community in Fangchenggang, it has the unique advantages of leisure and livability, and must be the first choice for tourists and travelers.
Fourth, business development has been upgraded again.
Fangchenggang, as an important gateway for Guangxi to build the "Belt and Road", will usher in a historic development opportunity with the construction of the Beibu Gulf Economic Group. Large commercial communities will also enjoy the opportunity of commercial development, and the prosperous future of shops, hotels, large supermarkets and cities is limitless.
To sum up, as a livable coastal city, it is imperative to build a modern city if the urban construction of Fangchenggang is further promoted and improved. If you choose to invest and stay in Fangchenggang, you can enjoy this bonus, which will be the only choice and there is a lot of room for appreciation.
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