Zhao —— (1) Zhao Kuangyin
│ 960—976
│
└— (2) Zhao Guangyi, Song Taizong —— (3) Zhao Heng, Song Zhenzong —— (4) Zhao Zhen, Song Renzong.
976—997 │ 998— 1022 1023— 1063
│
Wang was injured, Zhao.
┌— ————————— ——— ————————— ——— ———————— ——— ———————— —┘
└— (5) Zhao Shu in Song Yingzong (6) Zhao Xu in Song Shenzong (7) Zhao Xu in Song Zhezong.
1064— 1067 1068— 1085 │ 1086— 1 100
│
└— (8) Evonne, Song Huizong —— (9) Zhao Huan, Song Qinzong.
1 10 1— 1 125 │ 1 126— 1 127
│
└-[Southern Song Dynasty] The Golden Destruction of Emperor Zhao Gou of Gaozong and the Destruction of Northern Song Dynasty.
Genealogy Table of Southern Song Dynasty (1127 ——1279)
Zhongjing v
┌—————— (1) Zhao Gou, Song Gaozong
│ 1 127— 1 162
Zhong Jingliu
└—————————— (2) Zhao Shen, Song Xiaozong —————— (3) Zhao Dun, Song Guangzong ———————————— (4) Zhao Kuo, Song Ningzong.
│ 1 163— 1 189 1 190— 1 194 1 195— 1224
│
Zhongjing IX
└————— (5) Song Lizong Zhao Yun ┌——— (8) Song Duanzong Zhao Yun
│ 1225— 1264 │ 1276— 1278
│ │
, Zhao, Rui-(6), (7) Song Gongzong Zhao Xian.
1265— 1274 │ 1275— 1276
│
└— (9) Zhao Min, Song Xianggong
1278 —— 1279 —— The Yuan Dynasty perished in the Southern Song Dynasty.
The first year of Stegosaurus (960)-the ninth year of Kaibao (976)
Mao (yìn), 2 1 year-old, travels far from home. At the age of 23, he went to Guo Wei's account in the Zhou Dynasty and began to fight in the battlefield. After Sejong Chai Rong acceded to the throne, Zhao Kuangyin pursued the imperial army and followed Sejong in the Northern Han and Southern Tang Dynasties, with remarkable achievements. At the age of 30, he was appointed as the special envoy of our army. At the age of 3/kloc-0, he moved to become the special envoy of our army. After Zhou Shizong's death, 33-year-old Zhao Kuangyin was inspected in front of the temple and then transferred to our German army. In the first month of the seventh year of Xiande in the later Zhou Dynasty (960), Zhou succeeded to the throne at the age of 34, and was in office for 17 years, at the age of 50.
Mao's main achievement was to restore the unification of most parts of China at that time. Li Jue's rebellion was pacified, Jinghu Lake was annexed, Houshu was captured, Nanhan and Nantang were destroyed, and wuyue and Zhang Quan were forced to submit, which basically ended the situation that there were many buffer regions and warlords separated from each other since the middle Tang Dynasty. Mao was also an important maker of the "Ancestor Family Law" in Song Dynasty. Many policies he promoted had a great impact on the formation of poverty and weakness in Song Dynasty, but these did not detract from his appearance on the historical stage as an outstanding politician and strategist. Mao's life, from a tramp to an ordinary soldier, from a soldier to a general, eventually became the founding monarch of the Song Dynasty. His experience is legendary. Wearing a yellow robe: a monarch created in troubled times
In November of the 14th year of Tang Tianbao (755), An Lushan rose up against the Tang Dynasty. In the process of counterinsurgency, our army in the Tang Dynasty respected Wang Jianshi, the former founder of Shu.
Formed a situation of separatist regime in the buffer region, and the prosperous Tang Dynasty gradually weakened. In the fourth year of Tang Tianyou (907), Zhu Wen forced Tang Aidi to abdicate and established Hou Liang, and the history of China entered the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. For more than 50 years, all the generals in the world, regardless of their origins, can be kings as long as they come to Mazhuang. To this end, they even spared no expense to stage the tragedy of parents and children killing their fathers and brothers. Ordinary people live in an environment of constant war, and they are even more precarious. They are eager for social stability. It is in this situation that Zhao Kuangyin became a hero created by the times.
Zhao Kuangyin was born in Jiamaying, Luoyang on February 16th, the second year of Tiancheng in the late Tang Dynasty (927). Zhao Kuangyin was recorded as a native of Zhuozhou in Song history, and later generations thought that Zhao Kuangyin was originally from Zhuozhou. However, in the third year of Xianping (1000), Zhen Heng, my nephew, once wrote a letter to distant Zhao with his grandfather Xuanzu Zhao as his official position, but the letter clearly pointed out that Dongan Village, Fenggui Township, Baosai County, Baozhou (Baoding, Hebei Province) was Zhao's hometown. After Zhenzong set this precedent, the emperors of the past dynasties and the Southern Song Dynasty took care of the Zhao family in Baozhou. Zhenzong is only 40 years away from the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, and it seems that there is no mistake about his grandfather's birthplace. However, due to the differences in historical records, it remains to be further verified where the ancestral home of Zhao Kuangyin family is.
His ancestors were all officials, and his father, Zhao, was a favorite of Li in the later Tang Dynasty. Because of his family background, Zhao Kuangyin learned to ride and shoot at an early age, showing great perseverance. He once found a fierce horse that was not tamed to practice riding. Zhao Kuangyin just got on the horse, but the horse didn't want to be ridden, so he became very angry and ran straight for the gate. Zhao Kuangyin was caught off guard and ran into the tower and fell down. Everyone present was very scared and thought he would be seriously injured. But Zhao Kuangyin suddenly jumped from the ground, quickly caught up with the fierce horse, jumped and tamed the fierce horse, but he was unscathed.
Ten years after Zhao Kuangyin was born, the dynasties changed twice. His father, Zhao, was also left out in the cold after the murder of Tang, and the Zhao family gradually declined. By the time Zhao Kuangyin was 2 1 year old, even life became very difficult. Zhao Kuangyin is in the prime of life. Seeing that his future could not depend on his father, he bid farewell to his parents and his wife who had been married for three years and left home to travel.
After Zhao Kuangyin left home, he went south all the way, was down and out, and received many supercilious looks and cold reception. He once defected to his father's former colleague Wang Yanchao, hoping to get a part-time job. Wang Yanchao saw Zhao Kuangyin down and out and gave him a few times like a beggar.
Guan Qian drove him away. Zhao Kuangyin had no choice but to gamble with the money, but he was surprisingly lucky and won every game. Last week, when Zhu Wang left Bao Tong with money, those red-eye gamblers bullied Zhao Kuangyin as a foreigner, pinned him to the ground, punched him, took his money and walked away.
Two years of wandering life is quite hard, but it has honed Zhao Kuangyin's will and broadened his horizons. One day, Zhao Kuangyin went to a temple in Xiangyang. The abbot in the courtyard has experienced many vicissitudes, knowing people and being good at their duties. He saw Zhao Kuangyin's big ears. Although he is dusty, he can't hide his wealth. He wears simple clothes, but he is full of heroism. Seeing Zhao Kuangyin's extraordinary speech and his own world, he suggested that Zhao Kuangyin go to the north. The southern region is relatively stable, and the war in the north is frequent, and heroes are born in troubled times. Zhao Kuangyin accepted the abbot's advice and rode his donkey to the north.
When Zhao Kuangyin arrived in Yedu, he defected to Guo Wei in the Tang Dynasty. In the third year of Ganyou (95 1), Guo Wei launched a mutiny, which was the last week for Zhou Taizu. Because of his outstanding military exploits, Zhao Kuangyin was promoted to be the little leader of the palace guard. Zhou Taizu's adopted son, Yin Chai Rong of Kaifeng Prefecture, frequented the palace. Seeing that Zhao Kuangyin was quite talented, he transferred him to the account and served as commander of the cavalry in Kaifeng. Zhou Taizu had no children, and Chai Rong was the heir to the throne. Zhao Kuangyin came to the door of the future emperor, and thus embarked on the road to the peak of power.
In the first year of Xiande (954), Zhou Taizu died of illness, and Chai Rong succeeded Sejong. At this time, Liu Chong of the Northern Han Dynasty joined forces with the Liao Dynasty to attack the Later Zhou Dynasty. Sejong dispatched troops, used personal expedition, and Zhao Kuangyin accompanied him. The two sides fought fiercely in Gaoping, Shanxi. Shortly after the battle began, generals Fan Aineng, He Hui and others in the latter Zhou Dynasty chickened out, and Zhou Jun was defeated, while Sejong was surrounded by Qin Bing, who was led by Zhao Kuangyin and another general, Zhang Yongde, with only 4,000 people. In times of crisis, Zhao Kuangyin remained calm and suggested that Sejong soldiers attack the Liao army in two ways, and got the consent. Zhao Kuangyin and Zhang Yongde led the troops against the enemy, and Zhao Kuangyin shouted the slogan of giving priority to loyalty and righteousness, which greatly boosted morale. The reinforcements arrived in time in the following week and went into battle. Sejong finally defeated the Han and Liao allied forces.
After Banshi returned to Beijing, Zhao Kuangyin became a senior general of the imperial army because of his outstanding performance in the Battle of Gaoping, and was also entrusted by Zhou Shizong with the important task of reorganizing the imperial army. Zhao Kuangyin accomplished this task brilliantly, which greatly changed the appearance of the army in the later Zhou Dynasty and improved the combat effectiveness of the soldiers.
More importantly, in the process of restructuring the army, Zhao Kuangyin gradually formed his own strength in the imperial army. He made friends with other senior imperial generals, including Shi Shouxin, Wang Shenqi, Yang Guangyi, Li Jixun, Wang Zhengzhong, Liu Qingyi, Liu Shouzhong, Liu Yanrang, Han Zhongyue (yūn) and Zhao Kuangyin, and became "ten brothers in one club". In the following years, he arranged his confidants Luo Yanhuan, Tian Chongjin, Pan Mei,, and Wang as generals at all levels in the imperial army, and then controlled the imperial army from top to bottom. In addition, Zhao Kuangyin also recruited talents and set up its own think tank. He had a large number of advisers, such as Zhao Pu, Lu Yuqing, Shen Yilun, Li Chuyun, Chu Zhaofu, and later his younger brother Zhao Kuangyi.
Zhou Shizong was a very successful emperor, and he always longed for the unification of the world. In his unified war, Zhao Kuangyin made great achievements, and his official position gradually rose. He was appointed as our time envoy, and gradually became Zhou Shizong's right-hand man, mastering the military and political power. But there are two obstacles for Zhao Kuangyin to become emperor, namely, Zhou Taizu's son-in-law Zhang Yongde and nephew Li Zhongjin.
Both Zhang Yongde and Li Zhongjin hold the military power, but Li Zhongjin's position is more respected than Zhang Yong's. Zhang Yongde was unconvinced, and there was a great contradiction between them. To this end, Zhou Shizong established the post of Chief Inspector before the Temple, and Zhang Yongde was appointed as. In this way, Zhang and Li were
Then you are equal. Zhang Yongde and Zhao Kuangyin have a profound friendship. After Zhao Kuangyin's first wife Hayes died, she continued to marry the daughter of General Wang Rao. Zhang Yongde gave Zhao Kuangyin a lot of money for a beautiful wedding. But after all, it is an obstacle to being an emperor, so Zhao must get rid of him. In the sixth year of Xiande (959), during the Northern Expedition in Zhou Shizong, I got a're' by chance, which read "Stop Being the Son of Heaven". Obviously, someone had arranged in advance to frame Zhang Yongde, but Zhou Shizong became suspicious. On the way to the Northern Expedition, Zhou Shizong fell ill and had to return to Beijing. When he died, he remembered the mysterious're again, thinking that Yong-de Zhang was armed to the teeth and was fighting for power with Li Zhongjin, especially worried about Zhang Yongde's rebellion. Sejong, therefore, removed Zhang Yongdu from his position as tallyman and let Zhao Kuangyin take his place, thinking that he was very reliable. Zhao Kuangyin killed two birds with one stone, not only removed an obstacle, but also became the supreme commander of the imperial army.
After Zhang Yongde stepped down, it was Li Zhongjin's turn. Li Zhongjin lacks the foresight of politicians. Although he mastered the military power, he did not form his own stable regime. After Zhou Shizong's death, Chai Zongxun, the heir to the throne, was young and the power was in the hands of Zhao Kuangyin. Zhao Kuangyin tried to easily demote Li Zhongjin to Yangzhou, so as to control the whole situation in the capital. Soon, under the careful planning of Zhao Kuangyin and his advisers, Zhao Kuangyin finally realized his dream of becoming an emperor through the mutiny in Chen Qiao.
At that time, the situation in the second week of the week was that the country was suspicious and the people were floating, and a planned mutiny was quickly staged.
In the seventh year of Xiande Spring Festival, people were immersed in the festive atmosphere of celebrating peace, but there was an emergency military situation of joint invasion by Liao Dynasty and Northern Han Dynasty on the border. Prime Minister Fan Ju and Wang Min did not check whether the news was true or not, so they urged Zhao Kuangyin to lead the army north to defend the enemy. But people still remember that 10 years ago, the Hebei border was reported and the Khitan invaded the border. At that time, Guo Wei, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty in the later Han Dynasty, was ordered to lead an army northward. When the army arrived in Yizhou (Puyang, Henan), Guo Wei suddenly launched a mutiny, established himself as emperor, and established the regime of the Later Zhou Dynasty. In addition, it has long been said that "inspection is the son of heaven", and people only feel that what is in front of them is like a replica of that year. So, when Zhao Kuangyin, the official, was ordered to go north, there were rumors everywhere in the capital, saying, "When you leave the army, you will become an emperor.".
Chen Qiao Dongyue Temple (said to be the place where Zhao Kuangyin was stationed when he launched the mutiny)
On the third day of the first month of the seventh year of Xiande, Zhao Kuangyin led an army to Kaifeng from Beijing and arrived in Chen Qiaoyi, 40 miles away from Beijing. As soon as the army left the city gate, Miao Xun, a military academy expert in astronomy, pointed to the sky and said that he saw two suns fighting and told Zhao Kuangyin's confidant Chu Zhaofu that it was his destiny. This statement is nothing more than the usual trick when changing dynasties. However, this ridiculous conversation soon spread in the army, and the soldiers in the army talked about it one after another: "Today, the emperor is young and doesn't understand the political affairs. We risked our lives to defend our country against foreign enemies, and no one knows our contribution. It is better to make Zhao emperor first and then go north. "
Zhao Kuangyin already knows what the soldiers in the army are talking about. He secretly deployed, sent his cronies Guo Tingbin back to Beijing secretly, and made an appointment with confidant generals Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi. As soon as the army returned to Beijing, they opened the city gate.
That night, Zhao Kuangyin fell asleep drunk. In the early hours of the morning, the soldiers who stayed up all night were all swords and shadows, and they had already set up their accounts, and there were voices everywhere. Some soldiers are dressed up and ready to enter the account directly. Seeing this, Zhao Kuangyi and Zhao Pu, who were kept outside the account, quickly entered an account to wake Zhao Kuangyin and helped him out of the account. As soon as the soldiers outside the tent saw Zhao Kuangyin coming out, they shouted, "Come out, all of you!
The army has no owner, and Qiu is willing to be the son of heaven. "Zhao Kuangyin had no time to answer, a yellow robe has been worn on him. All the soldiers knelt on the ground together and shouted "Long live" three times. The shouts were deafening. Zhao Kuangyin pretended to refuse, but all the soldiers refused, and helped him get on his horse and walked south. Zhao Kuangyin pretended to be helpless, saying that soldiers were greedy for money and made him the son of heaven, so they had to listen to his command, and all the soldiers agreed.
Kaifeng City Wall
Zhao Kuangyin immediately returned to Beijing with the reorganized troops. Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, who had been waiting for a long time, opened the gate to welcome the new emperor. With everyone's cooperation, Zhao Kuangyin quickly took control of the whole situation.
When the ministers in the early years of the Zhou Dynasty learned the news of the mutiny, they were all stunned and at a loss. Fan Ju, the Prime Minister, held Wang Pu's hand and regretted sending troops rashly, which made Wang Pu's hand almost bleed. Only minister Han Tong immediately returned from North Korea in an attempt to organize resistance. But as soon as he entered the room, he was killed by the king of the Ministry.
Soldiers rushed into the court and forced Fan Ju, Wang Pu and others to come to the yamen for routine inspection. When Zhao Kuangyin saw them, he pretended to be very sad and said that he was forced by the soldiers of the former emperor today, and he was really ashamed to come to this step. Fan Ju was about to answer when Luo Yanhuan of a military academy came forward with a sword and said sharply, "My generation has no owner, and today I will be the son of heaven." Fan Ju and others looked at each other (qu), knowing that there was nothing they could do, so they had to kneel on the ground and shout "Long live".
Bianjing schematic diagram
Zhao Kuangyin saw that the officials had been appeased and immediately rushed to the palace, forcing the Duke of Zhou to abdicate. After listing the officials of civil and military affairs, I found that the imperial edict of Zen position has not yet been formulated. I don't know. Gu Tao, a bachelor of Hanlin, took out a letter prepared in advance and read it to the officials. Zhao Kuangyin changed into a dragon robe, accepted congratulations from ministers, and officially ascended the throne. Because in Songzhou (Shangqiu, Henan Province) under the command of the German army, it was named "Song" and renamed Bianjing (Kaifeng, Henan Province) as its capital, and Zhao Kuangyin as. After Mao ascended the throne, Chai Zongxun was named Zheng Wang, and his mother, Empress Zhou, moved to Xijing to support him for life. His descendants were also taken care of by the Emperor of the Song Dynasty. It is said that this is a rule set by Zhao Kuangyin himself.
When Zhao Kuangyin became emperor, many statements about him being the "the only thrill" appeared. Taoist Chen Tuan traveled by donkey. When he heard that Zhao Dianjian became emperor, he fell off the donkey with joy, clapped his hands and laughed, saying that the world was at peace from then on. YiWen Zhao Guanyin's birth and childhood experience are legendary. It is said that when Zhao Kuangyin was born, he had a strange smell. If he didn't leave for three days, his father named him "Xiang Haier". When Zhao Kuangyin and Zhao Kuangyi were young, they fled the war with their mother Du Fu. Because of his young age, Du Fu put it in the laundry basket and carried it. When Chen Tuan saw it, he sighed and said, "It is said that there is no real dragon emperor today, but he will pick the emperor." In fact, these are the afterwords of later generations. The reason why Zhou can take the place of Zhou is inseparable from the troubled times of the Five Dynasties and his personal talents.
Release the rights of soldiers with a glass of wine: happy ending
In the face of the new regime, the old ministers of the Zhou Dynasty were obedient, but some people were unwilling to be pushed around, especially those generals who once held military power, Song Like Mao. After Zhou Shizong's death, Zhao Kuangyin was not the only one with imperial ambitions. Only Zhao Kuangyin beat them to it, which made them lose the chance, but they didn't give up their ideas. They are still waiting for the opportunity to realize their dream of being an emperor, and Li Junhe Li Zhongjin is among them.
Li Jun has been guarding Shandong, Ze and Qin for eight years. He is so arrogant that he doesn't even care about Zhou Shizong. After Song Taizu succeeded to the throne, he appointed envoys as the secretariat, hoping to use Song Heyuan's official position.