Xi 'an is reminiscent of the ancient capital Chang 'an, the Terracotta Warriors with a long history, the heroic and simple people of Guanzhong with a red revolutionary tradition. Shaanxi has also formed its own unique folk customs in the historical development. People use the jingle to summarize it as "Ten Weird Ans"-noodles are like belts, Guo helmet is like a pot cover, peppers and vegetables are not divided into bowls and basins, handkerchiefs are worn on their heads, the house is half covered, girls are not open to the public, benches are not sitting or squatting, stones are sleeping, and Shaanxi opera is not singing or yelling. So how did these top ten monsters come from?
Among the top ten monsters in Xi 'an, there are four related to food customs, namely "noodles are like ribbons", "pot helmets are like pot lids", "peppers are dishes" and "bowls and pots are not divided", which shows the uniqueness of Shaanxi cuisine. Shaanxi can be said to be a big pasta province. "Noodles like noodles" refers to the wide and long noodles in Shaanxi. You can't eat them as slowly as a delicate lady eats Yangchun noodles, but you should eat them in a sleek, generous and realistic way. In addition to noodles, Shaanxi also has special diets, such as Guo kui and mutton buns. "A pot helmet is like a pot cover" refers to a pancake as big as a pot cover. When people can't knead the noodles until they are hard, they make them into cakes the size of a pot cover and bake them slowly in an iron pot. After baking, it is crisp outside and crisp inside, big and hard, just like Xinjiang naan, which can be preserved as dry food for a long time. Mutton steamed bread is a representative diet in Shaanxi. Steamed bread is cooked with great care, and the soup is thick and rotten, fat but not greasy, which makes people have an endless aftertaste after eating.
Regardless of noodles, Guo kui and paomo, there is a bowl of oily mala Tang on the dining table of Shaanxi people, which is one of the top ten monsters in Shaanxi and "a dish in Chili". Pepper produced in Shaanxi for a long time is red, long, sharp and full of spicy taste. Shaanxi people dried it and pounded it into Chili powder with a mortar, then poured it with hot oil, which became oily and spicy, and poured it on noodles and steamed bread, which was very enjoyable to eat. And eating with tableware, generous Shaanxi people naturally don't like small bowls and saucers of Japanese and Korean cuisine, but use old bowls, which are bigger than ordinary small pots. After putting the top strips, they poured oil and spicy food, put the dishes on the floor and ate them. Another big monster in Shaanxi is that people in Shaanxi don't like sitting or eating. In rural Shaanxi, you can see villagers squatting in the corner and chatting in the sun.
Xi 'an's other ten eccentricities are about clothing, housing, marriage customs and entertainment. "Handkerchief on the head" means that the old lady in Shaanxi likes to wear a handkerchief on her head. Guanzhong area is windy, sunny and rainy. Wear a handkerchief on your head to prevent sun and sand when you are working, and to wipe your sweat when you are hot. Wearing a handkerchief has become a symbol of simple Shaanxi people. It is precisely because of the drought and lack of rain in Shaanxi that we cherish the rain very much, so Shaanxi people build houses with eaves facing the courtyard to let the rain flow into the courtyard. The eaves of ordinary houses are herringbone, but the houses in Shaanxi look only herringbone, forming the "half-built houses" of the top ten eccentrics in Shaanxi. In such a house, Uncle Shaanxi sleeps with a stone instead of a soft pillow, which is one of the top ten strange things. Because it is extremely hot in Guanzhong in summer, sleeping with a cold stone can cool off the heat, but this stone is Uncle Shaanxi's "gold is not exchanged".
Shaanxi people have a strong concept of settling in their native land. In the old days, there was a popular saying in Shaanxi, "If you don't go out of Tongguan, you have to go into Sichuan". They think Shaanxi is the most suitable place to live, and they don't want girls to marry outside, so Shaanxi has formed a big monster of "girls don't go abroad". In addition, in weddings and funerals or important rural ceremonies, Shaanxi people will also set up a stage to sing their local opera-Shaanxi Opera. Shaanxi opera has a loud and passionate voice, which can be heard from miles away, so "singing and yelling" has become one of the top ten eccentricities of Shaanxi people.
Nowadays, with the development of society, several of the top ten strange babies in Shaanxi have gradually faded, such as squatting on the bench and wearing handkerchiefs; It is impossible for girls not to be outside, but the confident breath and bold and enthusiastic personality of Shaanxi people reflected in these ten monsters have not changed.
Xi 'an's land belonged to Yongzhou in ancient times. The yellow soil here was called "yellow soil", which was listed as the place with the highest level of land resources and was also the first land called "Tianfu". China has always been the political, economic and cultural center of China, because the most influential and prestigious dynasties, namely the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Qin Dynasty, the Western Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty, were based here.
Today, if you have a book gentleman, I will talk to you. What are Xi 'an's "Top Ten Monsters"? However, some scholars believe that it would be more perfect if the topic was changed to "Ten eccentrics in Guanzhong".
The first monster: noodles are like belts. The Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province is rich in millet, which has been mainly pasta since ancient times. Almost everyone here eats spaghetti three times a day. Girls in Guanzhong can make clothes without learning embroidery, but they must learn to make pasta first.
If a girl can't cook pasta when she gets married, she will often be looked down upon by her husband's family. "With a face" is as refreshing and bright as the personality of Guanzhong people. The width of the face is necessary, just like a belt, hence the name.
The second monster: a pot helmet is like a pot cover. Speaking of the second monster, a book gentleman wants to tell you a legend. According to legend, the grain brought by the State of Qin was easily moldy when it fought for the unification of the six countries.
The army chef thought hard and figured out how to grind wheat into flour, ferment it, knead it, throw it, pinch it, pat it, twist it, press it, roll it into a big cake, and then burn it in an iron pot of 70-80 cm.
The cauldron helmet is as big as it is, so it is made into a cauldron helmet in the shape of a pot cover.
In addition, there is a good custom in this pot helmet, that is, grandma in Guanzhong will make this cake for the grandson of the full moon, tie the money on the pot helmet with thread and hang it around his neck, but this size is made according to his head circumference!
The third monster: a plate of peppers. When it comes to peppers, people will first think of Sichuan. In fact, Guanzhong is the place to eat Chili to the extreme. If neighbors come home for dinner, they can have no meat and no wine, but if there is no pepper, they will definitely be rejected by the guests.
You Shujun likes spicy food very much, especially oily noodles. Every time I think of being caught in a bowl face to face, I will sprinkle special Chili noodles and leeks and vegetables on the noodles and stir them while pouring hot oil. When the pungent smell got into my nose, the whole person was extremely happy.
The fourth monster: bowls and basins are not divided. Laoshan bowl is deep and round, almost as big as a basin, just like the generous and simple nature of Guanzhong people. Guanzhong people who have been busy for a day often pick up their old bowls and chat with their neighbors at sunset, which makes people feel that happiness is actually that simple.
The fifth monster: a handkerchief on his head. Now Guanzhong is rich in products, and few people wear this kind of clothes. However, the effect of this handkerchief cannot be erased. Wearing a handkerchief can not only protect your hair from the sun, but also wipe your sweat at any time, killing two birds with one stone. No wonder some old people go out with white handkerchiefs.
The sixth monster: the house is half built. This half-built house, also called "Jiebeizi", is a unique homestay in Guanzhong. The formation of this kind of house is mainly to deal with the unique sandstorm and dry climate in Guanzhong. Of course, saving materials and using local materials is also one of the important reasons. Today's Guanzhong people have lived in spacious buildings, and this unique half-room in Guanzhong has gradually faded out of people's field of vision.
The seventh strange: the girl is not outside. The girl in Guanzhong was just like the girl in Imperial Capital now. They have the pride of the emperor's feet, and generally only marry local people. In addition, the local girls are conservative, and the marriage is entirely up to their parents. Of course, parents don't want their daughters to marry far away, so the Guanzhong girl has never been out of town!
But now, great changes have taken place in Guanzhong people's thoughts. The girls here not only walked out of Guanzhong, but also walked into countries all over the world.
The eighth monster: Squat up without a chair. No matter which film and television works are related to Shaanxi, you will see the scene of squatting at the root of the wall and eating noodles in a big bowl, which has become the symbol of Shaanxi theme. Shujun used to be difficult to understand. Will eating in this position hurt your stomach?
However, it is this attitude that reflects the simple and natural attitude of Guanzhong people. It must be much more comfortable than those who sit still and show their dignity.
The ninth monster: the pillow stone. Seeing this strange thing, a book gentleman can't help but think of the ancient stone pillow, which can not only refresh the mind but also prevent cervical spondylosis, as well as its own temperature regulation function. No wonder it's called "gold does not change"!
The tenth monster: Qin opera doesn't sing or roar. You Shujun once filmed the Shaanxi Opera School with the program group and witnessed the whole process of the theater students from makeup to performance. Their headmaster, You Shujun, introduced that Qin Opera is the originator of various operas, but it is different from other operas. It is a way of singing with real voice, so it has high timbre and passion. It is precisely because of this that the original and unrestrained characteristics of Shaanxi Opera are maintained.
Nowadays, the traditional "Ten eccentrics in Guanzhong" have slowly disappeared in the traffic, and some folk customs handed down now have also been integrated into the modern atmosphere due to the development of science and technology. Some scholars can't help but sigh. In 10 years and 20 years, when we mention the "ten eccentrics in Guanzhong" again, will no one understand? A book gentleman tries hard to record and is willing to spread the things of these nationalities with his meager strength.
Attachment: Ten Strange Ballads in Guanzhong:
Sanqin noodles are really good. They are as thick and wide as belts. Noodles are thin and white, refreshing and hunger-resistant.
The cake is two feet in diameter, round and thick, like a pot cover. In Shaanxi, cakes are called Guo kui, which is crisp inside and crisp outside and easy to carry.
Although Sichuan and Hunan can eat spicy food, Laoshan is scary to eat spicy food. Stir spicy noodles with salt and hot oil, mix noodles, and put steamed bread under the rice.
Laoshan's rice bowl is particularly big, and noodles and vegetables are all in full bloom. A bowl can fill the stomach, but the old bowl will talk at the meeting.
An old woman in rural Shaanxi wears a plaid on her head. Sunscreen, dustproof and rainproof, washing hands and wiping sweat are more elegant.
The country house is half covered and half covered, saving labor, materials and wood. It is warm in winter and cool in summer.
Chang 'an has its capital for more than ten generations. Good weather and good life, Shaanxi girls are not foreign.
Laoshan has a strange temper. He squatted instead of sitting on a stool. Asked why he didn't sit down, he said it was very comfortable.
The plowmen in Sanqin don't like soft pillows, but like stones. Cold, solid, miraculous, refreshing.
The folk customs are simple and tough, and the face of Qin cavity is called. The audience under the stage was so happy that they were not afraid that the stage would be overturned.
In fact, there are no ten monsters, only eight monsters in Guanzhong, namely: 1, a dish in pepper; 2. Noodles are like belts; 3. Bowl and basin are inseparable; 4, the pot helmet is like a pot cover; 5. Half of the house is covered; 6, you don't have to sit up for dinner; 7. Dad wears it on his head; 8, girls are not external. Pepper is a dish. In the past, in Guanzhong, a spicy dish could be steamed and eaten with a little salt. As for the surface such as belt, it is called Lamian Noodles, also called belt surface. They are wide, thin and strong, sprinkled with salt, chopped green onion and pepper, and sprinkled with oil is the oil surface! The inseparable bowl refers to the large bowl when Guanzhong people eat, commonly known as the old bowl, which is bigger than the pots in other places. Guokui is a special food in Guanzhong. The noodles are branded in the pot and cooked when they are dry. It's big and crisp! Some places use pot helmets to make steamed buns! The semi-roof of the house is a characteristic building in Guanzhong, and the house has only one side. Eating without sitting or squatting means that Guanzhong people are used to squatting to eat, also known as squatting. As for Pappa, some elderly ladies like to wear Pappa, which can keep out dust and wind. And the last girl has been a rich place in Guanzhong since ancient times. Everyone likes to marry girls to the local area, so they will suffer when they go abroad, so they will not marry outside!
Xi is a world-famous historical and cultural city and the ancient capital of the 13th Dynasty. Xi 'an once interpreted spectacular historical stories such as the prosperous Tang Dynasty and the Daqin Empire, and now it still retains eight wonders of the world-the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Qin Dynasty, as well as many historical sites such as the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda and the Banpo Site. Xi has a long history, profound cultural background, numerous snacks and so on. Speaking of Xi 'an's "Top Ten Monsters", it is also Shaanxi's "Top Ten Monsters". Now the society is developing rapidly. The so-called "Top Ten Monsters" have long been history, and most of them no longer exist. Only a few can still be found in Xi. Now I tell you separately:
Xi' an is the first monster, and the house is half built;
Xi an is the second monster, with a face like a trouser pocket;
Xi' an's third monster squatted up without sitting on a stool;
Xi' an is the fourth monster, and the pot helmet is like a pot cover;
Xi' an's fifth monster, a dish in Chili;
Xi 'an's sixth monster and girl are not external;
Xi' an is the seventh monster, and Shaanxi opera does not sing or roar;
Xi' an is the eighth monster, and dad wears it on his head;
Xi' an is the ninth monster, regardless of the bowl and basin;
Xi, the tenth monster, pillow stone.
Ask Xi An "Top Ten Monsters"? It is not accurate or comprehensive, but should refer to Xi 'an, Xianyang, Baoji, Weinan, Tongchuan and other places. Ten kinds of peculiar folk customs spread in the past long years, also known as "the top ten eccentrics in Guanzhong", later refer to folk customs spread all over Shaanxi. Due to the rapid development of the times, the "Ten eccentrics in Guanzhong" has long disappeared or gradually passed down, but it is still the traditional custom with the most local characteristics in Guanzhong area, bearing a long history and culture in Guanzhong area. The author introduces the following to enrich readers' further understanding of Shaanxi local folk customs.
First of all, the first strange face looks like a belt. Folk song: Sanqin noodles are really delicious, thick and wide like a belt. Noodles are thin and white, refreshing and hunger-resistant.
In the past, most of Shaanxi was based on pasta. Noodles were thicker, wider and longer than people thought, shaped like a belt, refreshing and hunger-resistant, convenient and fast. Reflect the simplicity and boldness of local people's lives. In the past, women in Shaanxi all rolled noodles, otherwise they would not be appreciated by their husband's family.
Second, the second monster-Guo kui is like a big pot cover. Folk song: the cake is two feet in diameter and as thick as a pot cover.
According to legend, during the pre-Qin period, Qin Jun unified the six countries and fought everywhere. Dry food was easy to get moldy on the way, so it was branded as a 70-or 80-centimeter cauldron helmet, which was convenient for marching and preservation, so it has been circulated among the people.
Third, the third monster-a dish of spicy oil. Folk songs: Although Sichuan and Hunan all eat spicy food, it is scary to eat spicy food in Laoshan. Sprinkle salt and hot oil on the spicy noodles, mix the noodles and put the steamed bread under the rice.
Every autumn in Guanzhong rural areas, their own red peppers are strung together with needle and thread and hung under the eaves, which proves that this family is rich. Dried peppers used locally are processed into powder, sprinkled with edible salt and then poured with hot rapeseed oil. Suddenly, the aroma is overflowing and the spicy taste is full, making food appetizing!
Fourth, the fourth strange-bowls and bowls are difficult to distinguish. Folk song: Laoshan's rice bowl is very big, and the noodles and dishes are in full bloom. A bowl can fill the stomach, and the old bowl will tell you at the meeting.
Guanzhong people call their rice bowls big bowls and their meals old bowl clubs. Every time they eat, they squat outside the door in twos and threes, holding an old bowl as big as a small basin. They are full, basking in the sun while eating, chatting and chatting, full of interest.
Five, five strange women are wearing handkerchiefs. Folk songs: The old lady in rural Shaanxi wears a plaid handkerchief on her head to prevent sun, dust and rain, and it is more windy to wipe her hands and sweat.
Guanzhong area has strong sunshine, drought and little rain, and windy sand. Rural women are used to wearing a small square towel on their heads, which can prevent the sun from shining on their skin and the wind and sand from blowing their hair dirty. They can also wipe sweat and put on plaster. This is an ancient landscape.
Sixth, the sixth monster-Laoshan's house was half built. Folk songs: Half-built country houses save labor, materials and money. It is warm in winter and cool in summer.
In the past, most traditional houses in Guanzhong were built with half roofs, which could save wood, bricks, labor and expenses. The room area is reduced, which is warm and breathable, warm in winter and cool in summer. It is both economical and affordable, and it is the first choice for building houses in rural areas of Guanzhong.
The seventh monster-Shaanxi girls are not foreign. Folk songs: Chang 'an has been established for more than ten generations, and outstanding people are always in spring. Good weather and good life, Shaanxi girls are not foreign.
Girls in Guanzhong area used to be more traditional and conservative. In a relatively closed environment, girls would rather marry in the local area than in other places, and they will not leave their hometown to travel around other places. These have all become the history of the past.
Eight, the eighth strange-don't sit on chairs and stools. Folk song: Laoshan's temper is really strange. He squatted up without sitting on a stool and asked him why he didn't sit. He said it was more comfortable.
This is the nature of the people in Guanzhong area in the past. They squatted at will and sat on chairs and stools without restraint. They smoke while drinking tea, which makes them more naturally close to the yellow land.
Nine, nine strange-I don't like stone as a soft pillow. Folk song: a plowman in the land of Sanqin, who prefers stones to soft pillows. Cold, solid, miraculous, refreshing.
This is the unswerving nature of Guanzhong people. They are willing to use bricks and stones as pillows, which can dissipate heat in summer, be very cool, fall asleep quickly and enter a sweet dream country. Ten, the tenth strange-Qin opera does not sing or roar. Folk songs: simple folk customs are better than tough ones, and the face of Shaanxi opera is loud. The audience under the stage was so happy that they were not afraid that the stage would be overturned.
Shaanxi people are close to mass art, and when they are happy, they let go of their voices and shout for a while. The loud roar echoed in the sky and fields, expressing their heroism. Shout a paragraph when you are sad, desolate and sad, the mountains and rivers move their faces, and the vegetation withers!
First, noodles are like belts.
Second, a pot helmet is like a pot cover.
Third, pepper is a dish.
Fourth, the dishes are not separated.
Fifth, wear a handkerchief on your head.
Sixth, the house is half built.
Seventh, girls are not external.
Eighth, don't sit in a chair.
Ninth, the pillow stone.
Tenth, Shaanxi Opera does not sing or shout.
People often say: one side of the soil and water support one side. Ten miles of local conditions and customs are different. As the center of Shaanxi Province, xi is a gathering place of East, West, North and South cultures. Due to the geographical environment, local customs, historical origins and other reasons, the accumulation of folk customs and people's appearance has integrated Xi 'an's "ten wonders", and each "wonder" shows the life concept, bold personality and lifestyle of Xi 'an people in Shaanxi. Know a little about it: noodles are like belts, pot helmets and peppers.
Singing and shouting: Xi people are loud and generous. At one time, Qin Opera was used as an official language before the Tang Dynasty. Presumably, everyone has heard of "Huayin Laoqiang", the originator of all kinds of operas. Singing loud and clear, full of appeal.
Noodles are like belts; Guo Kui is like a pot cover: Xi 'an is located in the middle of Guanzhong Plain and mainly produces wheat. People live on wheat. After thousands of years of inheritance, all kinds of pasta skills are quite skilled and become the unique skills of Xi' an, Shaanxi. For example, minced meat noodles, belt noodles and biang biang noodles. Another example is the Guo Kui in Ganxian County and the oil steamed stuffed bun in Lintong, all of which are very famous.
Pepper is a classic dish: Xi 'an people like to eat "spicy seeds", and noodles, steamed buns and stir-fry are inseparable from it. Pepper pepper oil should be used for cold noodles, cold dishes and cold noodles. Smells good and looks better.
Steamed buns selling bowls: Xi 'an is famous for its beef and mutton steamed buns and Hulutou steamed buns. They are all big bowls. Looking at the incense and smelling it, they just have a good appetite for Shaanxi people.
Bowl and basin are difficult to separate: Xi people call the bowl of rice an old bowl. The old bowl is as big as a basin. When eating noodles, it is easy to stir. Sometimes the bowl is used to hold noodles, which is similar to the old bowl, so there is a saying that the bowl and basin are not divided.
Pappa's headband: Xi is located in the west and the middle reaches of Weihe River. The northwest wind blows in spring and autumn and winter, and the dust in the air is relatively large. In the past, greening and cement roads were not as convenient as today, and many local Louis caused dust. Women wear handkerchiefs when they go out, which is dust-proof, rain-proof and sun-proof.
Half the roof of the house: the quadrangles in Guanzhong used to be quadrangles. There is a porter in front of the door, half a house is built against the wall in the middle, and the building is behind. Half-room (measuring room or sprinkling room) not only saves materials, labor and materials, but also shows cleanliness.
Girls are not open to the outside world: because Xi 'an is a treasure trove of geomantic omen, the land is fertile, and there is no need to worry about food and clothing, so few people marry foreign girls.
Squat up without sitting on a stool: Xi 'an people get together to eat, play chess and gossip, and squat everywhere. Over time, it becomes a habit. Chatting while eating, squatting on the ground, feeling very secure, carefree and comfortable.
Today, Xi 'an's "Ten Eccentrics" has become a folk culture in Shaanxi, which has been carried forward and handed down to let more people know.
Haha, I have been to Xi 'an many times. My brother works in Xi 'an. I don't know the top ten monsters in Xi. A bowl of noodles can't be cooked. The mutton in the basin is very good. . . . After reading the wonderful answers from netizens, I know now. . . .
Generally speaking, it is the "Top Ten Monsters" in Shaanxi.
The top ten monsters in Shaanxi are:
1 surface is like a belt; Yangling immersed in water is very representative, as wide as a belt.
2 Guo Kun is like a pot cover; Ganxian Guokui is famous, shaped like a pot cover, as thick as a brick, and tastes like water drops.
3 Chili pepper is a dish; Spicy oil is a characteristic of Shaanxi. You don't have to eat vegetables or spicy oil.
4 bubble bowls for sale; The bowl of paomo is big, which reflects the boldness of Shaanxi people.
5 bowls and basins are difficult to divide; The bowl is as big as a basin, and outsiders can't tell whether it is a bowl or a basin.
Dad put it on his head; Older women like to wear handkerchiefs on their heads, which were still there in the 1980 s, but they can hardly be seen now.
7 The house is half built; The characteristic buildings in the Loess Plateau are commonly known as "luxury house ovary".
8 girls are not external; Qinchuan, 800 Li, has been relatively rich since ancient times, and girls generally don't marry outside.
9 don't sit up; Shaanxi people, especially rural people, don't like sitting at the table, squatting at the door with bowls, and chatting with neighbors while eating.
Singing and shouting. The singing style of Shaanxi Opera is unrestrained, just like "roar".