Jiang Tianxi and his descendants built a stockade at the location of Gulongsha Temple. Nowadays, when you walk into Longsha Village, you can still see that most houses are bungalows with civil structures, and the building structure is simple. Surrounded by a wall more than 600 meters long, the wall is 4 meters high and there are 8 watchtowers around it. It is a "fortress" integrating residence and defense. More than 670 years have passed. Jiang Wanli's descendants are distributed in the villages of Longsha, Pan Gang, Longpu, Yunan, Fengkou, Li Shun and Wangcuo in Quxi Town, with a total population of 6.5438+0.8 million. The strangest thing is that the villagers surnamed Jiang in eight villages, such as Longsha, have followed the custom handed down from generation to generation, commemorating their ancestors with the ceremony of erecting lampposts and climbing mountains to collect wind. The original ecological ancient village of Fengjiagou after Mengmen in Liulin, Shanxi Province
Houfengjiagou Ancient Village is located in Mengmen Town, Liulin County, Shanxi Province, on the east bank of the Yellow River and on the east side of the Shanxi-Shaanxi Canyon. It combines the culture of Yellow River, Loess Plateau and Shanxi merchants. Located at the junction of Liulin, Linxian and Shanxi and Shaanxi, Mengmen is a thousand-year-old town with rich culture.
Feng's surname settled here before Li's. In order to distinguish it from Fengjiagou, the word "Hou" was added. There are 73 households with 209 people in the village, with 622 mu of cultivated land and 400 mu of jujube forest.
Many ancient towns and villages always need a pair of eyes to observe. Feng Jicai discovered the ancient village of Hougou in Yuci, Wu Guanzhong discovered Lijiashan in Linxian, and then Fengjiagou was no exception.
June 5438+October 2005 10, Chen Jing, a professor at Nanjing University, came here and said in surprise, "I found a paradise, which still preserves the original mode of production and lifestyle of farming society. I was moved by everything here! "
After Fengjiagou village, the mountains are rolling and the ravines are vertical and horizontal. In the long river of history, Feng and Li left a quaint, dignified, elegant, beautifully decorated and patchwork exquisite courtyard. The complex terrain has formed different styles of houses, including five types: Ming Zhu Xiayan Cave, Rootless Summer Cave, Interface Cave, Yizhu Xiang Cave and Brick House.
The layout of the village is very hidden. From the ditch to the outside of the village, the mouth of the ditch is only 40 meters wide. Its terrain is dragon-shaped. The dragon body is next to Geliang in Beishan and Nanshan Nao. The wind is the dragon tail, and the faucet is at the height of the mountain temple at the entrance of the village. There are as many as five stories in the village built on the mountain. The road in the village twists and turns, passing through the roofs of several kiln buildings. The public space is limited, and Jingping and Mill have become the activity places for villagers after dinner. Village temple is the main public place for villagers, and it is also a big platform for the prosperity and development of rural culture. Whenever the day of offering sacrifices to the gods is a big folk festival, it is an indispensable fixed place for people to hold rewards, sacrifices, prayers, entertainment and gatherings. The village temple is located in front of the ditch mouth and is said to be windproof. Its buildings include the Hall of the Great Hero and the East and West Ears. It is a typical Ming and Qing architecture, with murals in the Ming Dynasty and stone tablets in the Yuan Dynasty.
Family decoration and outdoor decoration are mainly reflected in doors and windows. There should be a top window on the door, a layer of window screen nailed outside, a window sash that can be opened and closed, white linen paper pasted, and paper-cut in the space. There are white linen paper and red paper-cut window grilles on the window glass. The patterns are more festive and auspicious, such as magpie climbing plum, snake rabbit, Nianying, spring deer crane, catching bun doll, dragon and phoenix, etc. Interior decoration is mainly reflected in walls, furniture and ornaments. The white plaster on the kang wall is one meter high, and the kang enclosure is painted with mountains and rivers, vegetation, folk customs, insects, fish, birds and animals. Clay figurines are hung on the kang wall, with large indoor furniture such as flat cabinets, vertical cabinets and hat boxes.
Houfengjiagou people have always been in business. The so-called "Houfengjiagou is not poor, and there is no bear in Xiao Yuan" shows that Houfengjiagou village is rich and Xiao Yuan, the neighboring village, is fierce. Mulberry trees have been widely planted in Mengmen area, especially in Lijiata village, and sericulture and reeling have become the gathering place of manual workshops. Later, people in Houfengjiagou also learned to reeling silk. Even in Take Care of You, sericulture has become a specialty of Houfengjiagou people, and there were special workshops in the 1970s and 1980s.
Changjia Manor in Yuci is known as "the first Confucian businessman in China", while Fengjiagou residential building behind Mengmen exudes a strong Confucian culture. There are many doorplates such as "loyalty and filial piety" and "farming and reading" on the gate, and there are teenagers holding lotus lilies or patterns of lotus lilies in brick carvings, which is the architectural embodiment of China's "harmony" culture. Doors, piers, eaves and roofs are carved with auspicious animals and flowers.
The original ecological ancient village of Houfengjiagou has preserved a large number of human "living fossils" heritage for us.
Lijiashan Ancient Village: Lijiashan is located 5 kilometers south of Qikou, which was built by the Li family in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The dwellings are mainly caves, which are layered and orderly. There are generally verandahs protruding in front of caves, most of which are quadrangles. The whole residence is distributed on the loess hillside, and the larger quadrangles are made of water mill and blue bricks, with exquisite shapes, styles and arts. The bricks and wood carvings on the wall, on the gatehouse, on the eaves of the mansion and on the doors and windows of the cave dwellings, figures, landscapes, flowers and birds, fish, insects, birds and animals are exquisite and have high artistic value. Mr. Wu Guanzhong, a famous painter, listed it as his three major discoveries with Zhangjiajie in Hunan and Loess Plateau in Shanxi, Shaanxi and Mongolia. He commented on Li Jiashan: "Such a house is hard to find all over the world." The ancient village belongs to Guojiadian Town, Laizhou City, Shandong Province, and is located at the east of Guojiadian Town 1.5km, with S307 Highway in the north and Qililan Village in the east. Postal code: 20 1434, area code: 0535.
In 2008, during the third field survey of cultural relics in Laizhou City, a tomb group from Han Dynasty to Song Dynasty was found in the ancient village. According to legend, during the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, Kang Wang was buried in Dongling, an ancient village in Guojiadian Town, Laizhou City.
In 2005, Sun Gu Cun scored 7 1 1 and won the first place in the science and culture course of the college entrance examination in Shandong Province. The ancient village of Goulin Town is located 4 kilometers south of Goulin Town. There are 4 natural villages in the village, 1 1 villager group, 1080 households with 4025 people, 86 village cadres in party member, 9 village cadres, 4 cadres 14 people and 7800 mu of cultivated land. The village has successively won the honors of Henan Ecological Civilization Village, dengzhou city New Rural Construction Demonstration Village, "4+2" Work Law Demonstration Village, Social Security Standard Village and Advanced Demonstration Village of Bank Credit System Construction. The village branch was rated as "Red Flag Party Branch" by dengzhou city for five consecutive years, "Five Good Party Branches" by Nanyang for three consecutive years, and the village party secretary You Guoan was rated as "Meritorious Party Branch Secretary" for five consecutive years (Comrade You Guoan was born in 1966). July 20 13, after the evaluation of the expert committee on the protection and development of traditional villages in Henan Province, the Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Department of Culture and the Department of Finance decided to include the ancient village of Goulin Town, dengzhou city in the list of traditional villages in Henan Province.
Rich mountain capital culture
There is the site of Gushan Capital in Qin and Han Dynasties in the village, which belongs to the provincial cultural relics protection unit, and the Han Group has the site of 1. Dushan County was established at the beginning of Qin Dynasty and Xiangyang County at the end of Han Dynasty. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Du Shan County was changed to Guxian County, also known as Gucheng County. In the Western Wei Dynasty, it was renamed Du Shan County and later Du Shan County. During the Northern Zhou Dynasty, it was abandoned as a county and called Gucheng. Later, due to more unearthed antiquities, the old city was changed into an ancient village. There are 38 surnames in the village, mainly Li and Zhang, including 8 ethnic groups.
Throughout history, villagers have loved cultural and recreational activities, and now they hold four peasant sports meetings. During the sports meeting, they carried out sports related to people's production and life, such as carrying sandbags, jumping rubber bands and kicking shuttlecock.
Prosperous economy
For a long time, the village has mainly planted wheat, corn and soybeans, with an annual planting of 7,400 mu of wheat, 4,000 mu of corn, 3,000 mu of soybeans and more than 3,000 mu of fast-growing poplar interplanting. Changing the traditional economic model, the village has established farmers' cooperative organizations such as breeding associations and agricultural cooperatives through scientific and technological training, and built two ecological farming communities, namely farmers' breeding, planting and agricultural and sideline products processing, with a scale of farmers 100 households, with more than 20,000 pigs and 750,000 chickens on hand every year.
Rural landscape
According to the goal of building an ecological and civilized village, through scientific planning of village construction, 9.6 kilometers of cement roads and 2.5 kilometers of sewers have been built, 2 standardized clinics, 2 cultural teahouses, kindergartens 1 schools, central primary schools 1 schools, commercial streets 1 strips, more than 80 street lamps installed, and more than 300 biogas digesters.