After the death of the Han people, first of all, the funeral ceremony is set up (the eldest son or grandson of the deceased, the second son without grandson), the widower (the wife of the deceased, no one is the wife of the bereaved) and the coffin shroud is placed. The coffin is made of pine and cypress, followed by paulownia and Chinese fir. The number of coffins must be in pairs, with a thickness of 2-3 inches, preferably 4 inches, and more preferably 5 inches. The shape is big at one end and small at the other. Thin coffins, commonly known as boxes, are often used for young funerals. Painted with earth paint, dark black, some black mixed with red, and painted with tung oil inside and outside. The bottom of the coffin of the rich family is covered with several inches of cooked glutinous rice ash, and some are melted into sesame oil and rosin. The shroud is odd, ranging from 5 pieces to 7 pieces. Blue, navy blue and gray are all acceptable, and black is forbidden. There are no buttons, only a cloth belt.
A white cotton belt is tied outside the coat, and the number of threads is the same as the age of the deceased. Wear cotton shoes. When the deceased lay dying, relatives were waiting for the "death" beside them. After death, burn the paper, move the body to the main room, put it on the bed board or grass bed, face down, and cover your face with yellow paper. There is a ever-burning lamp under the board, a basin (that is, a mud paste basin) is set up, a paper man is burned, and a paper table is inserted in the tree outside the door, which is called the "homesickness table". The child of the deceased was Pima Dai Xiao, and the dutiful son was holding a funeral stick about 3 feet long. Father's funeral uses bamboo, and mother's funeral uses tung, which means that Father's Day is outside, including Mother's Day, and the stick is wrapped in white paper. Wearing straw ropes or black gauze, sandals or white cloth shoes, and barefoot in some places. In Guangshan, Xinxian and other places, when a man dies, he wears the face on the left side of filial piety, when a woman dies, it is on the right side, and when his parents die.
For bilateral. Then give the deceased a bath, 7 times in front, 8 times in the back, and some wiped it three times before and after, and put on a shroud for later inspection. The bottom of the coffin is covered with scented powder, padded paper or mattress, and some also buy 5 copper coins. When carrying the corpse, undertaker held the head of the deceased into the coffin, with the head facing the big head of the coffin and lying flat. Headrest 3 watts, foot pad 2 watts. Money in your mouth, or food, pearls and jade. After the coffin was covered, it was sealed with three big nails. Nails are forbidden in Guangshan County, with wooden wedges, and the coffin mouth is sealed with glutinous rice porridge paper. After the funeral, the coffin turned the nave into a mourning hall, and the relatives were treated according to their generations. The men and women were orderly and stood at the wake. Relatives and friends hang them, give them money, filial piety, sacrifices (chicken, fish, meat), paper money and other things, and the family, old and young, kneel at the door to meet them. There are many taboos during the funeral, such as not talking about the funeral, not washing your face, and women avoiding powder. In the old days, people sent condolences, and there were certain formats for writing and signing.
If a person loses a relative, write "Righteousness and Virtue Fear the Spirit of the Elder Brother" on the right, and write four big characters in the middle, such as "Swim over a crane" (or "Famous jade silk" and "Crane drives Penglai". ). If a woman is bereaved, write "Righteousness × Mother × Laozi is the spiritual age of human beings" on the right and "Righteousness" on the lower left (or "If you send someone's grandparents to Chongqing", if your parents write "Xiaqing", if your father dies, write "Xiayan Order",-if your mother dies, write "Xiaci" and if your parents die, write "Xiayongqing". After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the writing of Wanbi was simplified. In the book "Mourning for the Eternal" (or right in the middle), there are two characters "Mourning" or "Sacrifice" written in the middle, and the inscription "Worship for Ten Thousand" is written in the lower right.
Before the funeral, Taoist priests were asked to fast, monks recited scriptures, turned over the dead, simulated all kinds of torture in the underworld, and asked them to get rid of them one by one, so as to save the dead and avoid the suffering of the underworld. Paper-bound treasure hills, pavilions, servants, chariots and horses, and Wangxiangtai were incinerated for the use of the dead in the underworld as a memorial service. Mourners or ceremonies cry and mourn the life story of the deceased. In order to make money, the gentry's house in the palace attached great importance to this instrument, and often set up avenues, altars and sacrificial sheds, chanting scriptures for several days, giving small gifts 1 day and giving big gifts for 3, 5 and 7 days, which cost a lot. 1, 3, 5 days, no trees, only hanging all kinds of gods, the seventh day, the tree is big, the Taoist uses gossip, 28 nights, the sky enters the table.
On the last day of fasting, spread a layer of firewood in the open space and burn the clothes used by the deceased. Funeral is usually held on the third day after death. Some rich people attend funerals in May 7, 100 or 3 years, some people take shelter from the wind and water, and some people who have not been buried for decades. On the occasion of the funeral, all relatives and friends mourned and helped the mourner to lift the basin, so that the mourner's head was smashed to the ground in a short time, that is, the coffin was scattered, firecrackers and drums sounded, and the leaders of Taoist priests, monks, Feng Shui masters and blow music classes mourned. The mourner held a banner of evocation or held a portrait of the deceased to "drag the fiber".
When relatives and friends set up a road sacrifice on the way, they must stop for the sacrifice, and the dutiful son will accompany the sacrifice. The location of the cemetery was decided by Mr. Yin Yang. Before burial, the well must be dug at one time. When the coffin arrives, it will go around the grave for three weeks, and then the mourner will lie in the pit for a while. This pit is called a warm pit. Scattering grain in the pit and burying a certain amount of pottery, stone tools and coins are commonly known as scattered wealth. When the coffin falls into the pit, the small head faces forward (the direction is generally southeast) and the big head faces backward. Mr. Feng Shui "divided the longitude and adjusted the direction", determined the position of the coffin, then filled it with lime and sealed the soil. After the dead are buried, various commemorative activities will be held.
Within three days, relatives will send torches to the grave every night. On the third day, Xiao went to the grave as soon as possible to offer sacrifices, and then took the soil around the grave. From the date of the death of the deceased, every 7 days (that is, "17"), incense and paper are burned before the coffin. During the May 7th period, we went to the grave to burn paper, paper men, horses, houses and household appliances. The dutiful son can't have a haircut and shave, don't wear red and green, and don't go to the wedding reception during the May 7th period (within 100 days in Guangshan and other counties). He was called "Prison Seven" and went to jail for the dead. After burial, the spirit tablet of the deceased will be placed on the altar according to the male left and female right, and a furnace of incense will be burned every morning and evening, and dinner will be served at noon until the anniversary.
On the anniversary, incense and paper were burned, and relatives and friends attended the memorial service. The dutiful son has been filial to his parents for 3 years, and the uncles and brothers have lost their relatives 1 year. Men wear white shoes for 3 years and women wear white shoes for 8 months. Within three years, Spring Festival couplets will not be posted in the first year, only diamond-shaped white paper will be posted, and children and grandchildren will not go out to pay New Year greetings. Relatives and friends will not post red couplets for the dead around the 15th day of the first month, burn paper to pay New Year greetings, post yellow or blue Spring Festival couplets in the second year, post purple or green Spring Festival couplets in the third year, and post red couplets three years later. On the third anniversary, after the grand memorial ceremony, the spirit tablet was burned and the dutiful son took off his mourning clothes and white shoes.