Flower language of African violets
African violet is an evergreen grass flower of Gesneriaceae. Its leaf shape is similar to that of underground stem and Erythrina macrophylla. It's hairy as velvet, and its leaves are quite beautiful. African violet, also known as African violet, is a flower that blooms in May and June and forms spikes. The fragrance of this flower is eye-catching, and the flower language of violet is eternal beauty, cordial and lush, and always beautiful. People who prefer violets advocate elegance and angelic holiness in their hearts, but at the same time they also represent her thinness, fragility and longing for an ideal home.
The role of African violets
1. Ornamental value: the plant is short, it blooms in all seasons, and the flowers are beautiful, elegant and colorful. Potted plants are excellent indoor flowers because of their long flowering period, shade tolerance, small and beautiful plant shape, which can decorate windowsills, living rooms and coffee tables.
2. Purify air: African violet can purify indoor air, improve indoor air quality, beautify the environment, reconcile mood and relieve stress, and is also an ideal material for gardening treatment.
3. Gift: African violet is a small potted ornamental plant, especially suitable for middle-aged and elderly people. Long flowering time, convenient movement and easy reproduction. Potted flowers decorate desks, desks and windowsills, which are very elegant and beautiful. They can be given as gifts to relatives and friends, and they are also very tasteful.
Propagation of African violets
1, cutting propagation method of African violet leaves
Cutting propagation is usually used for African violets. The main method is inserting leaves. After flowering, select robust and full leaves, cut the petiole 2 cm long, dry it slightly, and insert it into the sand bed to keep the air humidity at a high level. At room temperature 18 ~ 24℃, the seedlings took root 3 weeks after transplanting, emerged 2 ~ 3 months later and moved into 6 cm pots. In the process of cutting, vitamin ratio treatment is beneficial to the seedling growth of African violet after rooting, and 25 mg/L kinetin treatment for 24 hours is beneficial to the formation of adventitious buds. It takes 4 ~ 6 months from cutting to flowering.
2. Cutting propagation of African violets
Stem cutting propagation is also the propagation method chosen by the African Violet Association, which is mainly carried out after the flowers wither in spring. Combined with turning over pots and changing soil to separate underground tubers, the seedlings grow fast, but the plant shape is not good enough and the growth is not strong enough because the plants are not updated.
3. Tissue culture and propagation of African violet.
At present, the popular propagation method of African violet is tissue culture, with leaves, petioles and epidermis as explants. Add 1 mg/L 6- benzylamino adenine and 1 mg/L naphthylacetic acid to MS medium. Adventitious buds appear 4 weeks after inoculation, and root seedlings can grow after 3 months. The survival rate of test-tube seedlings transplanted into humus soil and sphagnum soil matrix was 100%. At present, the United States, the Netherlands, Israel and other countries have produced African violet test-tube seedlings. However, there are many seedlings cultivated in this way, which is not suitable for family farming.
4. Seed propagation method of African violet
African violets can be sown and propagated in spring and autumn, and 9 ~ 10 autumn sowing is the most suitable for greenhouse cultivation, with high germination rate and strong seedling growth. In the next spring, the flowering trees are big and there are many flowers. Sowing in February, flowering in August, but the growth is slightly worse, less flowering. African violet seeds are small, and the soil in the sowing basin should be fine. After sowing, soil should not be covered and leveled. The optimum temperature for germination is 18 ~ 24℃. After sowing, 15 ~ 20 days for germination and 2 ~ 3 months for transplanting. Pay attention to the pot soil should not be too wet at seedling stage. Generally, it takes 6 ~ 8 months from sowing to flowering.
Generally, flowering plants need a high amount of light and cannot grow normally indoors, so indoor plants are mostly foliage plants. African violets, on the other hand, need very little light, and they can grow and bloom normally as long as they are placed next to bright indoor windows or fluorescent light sources. They are rare indoor flowering plants. Due to the instability of their own genes, new varieties with mutations will appear during planting, which will often bring unexpected surprises and gains to growers.
The flowering period of some flowering plants is affected by the length of sunshine or temperature, and they can only bloom in a specific season or only once a year. The flowering period of African violet is often as long as 1 ~ 2 months. As long as there is proper care and suitable growth environment, they can bloom every 3 ~ 4 months. If there are enough plants, they can enjoy blooming flowers all year round.
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